ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of mitochondrial translational initiation factor 2 （MTIF2） gene methylation and its association with the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. MethodsMethSurv and EWAS Data Hub were used to perform the standardized analysis and the cluster analysis of MTIF2 methylation samples， including survival curve analysis， methylation signature analysis， the association of tumor signaling pathways， and a comparative analysis based on pan-cancer database. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison between two groups； a one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups， and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to perform the univariate and multivariate survival analyses of methylation level at the CpG site. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to investigate the survival differences between the patients with low methylation level and those with high methylation level， and the Log-likelihood ratio method was used for survival difference analysis. ResultsGlobal clustering of MTIF2 methylation showed that there was no significant difference in MTIF2 gene methylation level between different races， ethnicities， BMI levels， and ages. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the patients with N-Shore hypermethylation of the MTIF2 gene had a significantly better prognosis than those with hypomethylation （hazard ratio ［HR］=0.492， P<0.001）， while there was no significant difference in survival rate between the patients with different CpG island and S-Shore methylation levels （P>0.05）. The methylation profile of the MTIF2 gene based on different ages， sexes， BMI levels， races， ethnicities， and clinical stages showed that the N-Shore and CpG island methylation levels of the MTIF2 gene decreased with the increase in age， and the Caucasian population had significantly lower N-Shore methylation levels of the MTIF2 gene than the Asian population （P<0.05）； the patients with clinical stage Ⅳ had significantly lower N-Shore and CpG island methylation levels of the MTIF2 gene than those with stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ （P<0.05）. Clinical validation showed that the patients with stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ HCC had a significantly lower methylation level of the MTIF2 gene than those with stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ HCC and the normal population （P<0.05）. ConclusionN-Shore hypomethylation of the MTIF2 gene is a risk factor for the development and progression of HCC.

Sarin(GB)is a typical representative of nerve agents with high toxicity,and very low amount can cause death.GB can cause water and atmospheric environment poisoning,so the detection of GB in water and air is of great significance.In this work,a colorimetric sensor array(CSA)based on GB inhibition of cholinesterase activity was constructed to detect GB with high selectivity.A 4×4 colorimetric array was constructed using acetylcholinesterase(AChE),butyryl cholinesterase(BuChE)and the corresponding substrate acetylthiocholine iodide(S-ACh),butyryl thiocholine iodide(S-BCh),acetylcholine chloride(ACh),butyryl choline chloride(BCh)and 2,6-dichloroindophenol ethyl ester(DCIE).The linear curve of the sensor was Y=131.3×lgC+271.6(R2=0.997),where Y was the array response Euclidean distance,C was the concentration of GB(mg/L),the linear range was 0.03?0.32 mg/L,and the detection limit was 27.6 μg/L.The method could effectively distinguish chemical warfare agents(CWA)such as VX,Soman(GD),mustard gas(HD),Louie reagent(L),and had high anti-interference ability,sensitivity and good repeatability.It was successfully applied to the detection of GB in simulated water and simulated air samples,and the sample recovery rate was 97.2% ?100.9%.This method would be potentially applied to the field rapid detection of nerve agents.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease and the root cause of most cardiovascular diseases.Soluble guanylate cyclase(sGC)agonists play an important role in the regulation of atherosclerotic diseases by nitric oxide(NO)/sGC/cyclic guanosine phosphate(cGMP)signaling pathway.sGC plays an anti-atherosclerotic role in reducing blood lipid levels,improving endothelial dysfunction,reducing inflammatory responses,inhibiting platelet activation,in-hibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation and apoptosis via activating downstream cGMP.This article reviews the effect of sGC agonists on atherosclerosis and its mechanism,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of sGC agonists.

Background:Ribosomal protein L22-like 1(RPL22L1)exerts regulatory effects on various malignant tumors such as lung cancer,prostate cancer,and cervical cancer.However,its role in colorectal cancer(CRC)remains unclear.Aims:To investigate the expression of RPL22L1 in CRC and its role in patients' prognosis and glucose metabolism of tumor cells.Methods:A total of 142 newly diagnosed CRC patients admitted to the Taizhou First People's Hospital from February 2022 to June 2024 were enrolled.The expression levels of RPL22L1 mRNA and protein were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry,respectively.The correlation between RPL22L1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate the impact of RPL22L1 expression on the prognosis of CRC patients.RPL22L1 siRNA was transfected into SW480 cells to establish a low-expression cell model.Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assay,cell migration by Transwell chamber assay,and apoptosis by flow cytometry.Gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)was performed to evaluate the effect of RPL22L1 on glucose metabolism of tumor cells.Results:The expression levels of RPL22L1 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in CRC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues(all P<0.05).The expression level of RPL22L1 mRNA was correlated with the TNM stage and carcinoembryonic antigen level of CRC(all P<0.05).Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the cumulative survival rate of high RPL22L1 mRNA expression group was significantly lower than that of low-expression group(P=0.027).The expression level of RPL22L1 mRNA was significantly higher in SW480 cells than in normal intestinal epithelial cells(P<0.001).After inhibiting RPL22L1 expression,the proliferation and migration capacities of SW480 cells were significantly decreased(all P<0.05),the apoptosis rate was significantly increased(P=0.005),and the lactate level and relative glucose uptake level were significantly reduced(all P<0.05).GSEA indicated that RPL22L1 gene was associated with glycolysis/gluconeo-genesis(P=0.02).Conclusions:RPL22L1 is highly expressed in CRC and is associated with poor prognosis of patients,suggesting its potential as a molecular target for CRC therapy.Furthermore,RPL22L1 may promote the tumorigenesis and progression of CRC by modulating glucose metabolism.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease and the root cause of most cardiovascular diseases.Soluble guanylate cyclase(sGC)agonists play an important role in the regulation of atherosclerotic diseases by nitric oxide(NO)/sGC/cyclic guanosine phosphate(cGMP)signaling pathway.sGC plays an anti-atherosclerotic role in reducing blood lipid levels,improving endothelial dysfunction,reducing inflammatory responses,inhibiting platelet activation,in-hibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation and apoptosis via activating downstream cGMP.This article reviews the effect of sGC agonists on atherosclerosis and its mechanism,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of sGC agonists.

Background:Ribosomal protein L22-like 1(RPL22L1)exerts regulatory effects on various malignant tumors such as lung cancer,prostate cancer,and cervical cancer.However,its role in colorectal cancer(CRC)remains unclear.Aims:To investigate the expression of RPL22L1 in CRC and its role in patients' prognosis and glucose metabolism of tumor cells.Methods:A total of 142 newly diagnosed CRC patients admitted to the Taizhou First People's Hospital from February 2022 to June 2024 were enrolled.The expression levels of RPL22L1 mRNA and protein were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry,respectively.The correlation between RPL22L1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate the impact of RPL22L1 expression on the prognosis of CRC patients.RPL22L1 siRNA was transfected into SW480 cells to establish a low-expression cell model.Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assay,cell migration by Transwell chamber assay,and apoptosis by flow cytometry.Gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)was performed to evaluate the effect of RPL22L1 on glucose metabolism of tumor cells.Results:The expression levels of RPL22L1 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in CRC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues(all P<0.05).The expression level of RPL22L1 mRNA was correlated with the TNM stage and carcinoembryonic antigen level of CRC(all P<0.05).Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the cumulative survival rate of high RPL22L1 mRNA expression group was significantly lower than that of low-expression group(P=0.027).The expression level of RPL22L1 mRNA was significantly higher in SW480 cells than in normal intestinal epithelial cells(P<0.001).After inhibiting RPL22L1 expression,the proliferation and migration capacities of SW480 cells were significantly decreased(all P<0.05),the apoptosis rate was significantly increased(P=0.005),and the lactate level and relative glucose uptake level were significantly reduced(all P<0.05).GSEA indicated that RPL22L1 gene was associated with glycolysis/gluconeo-genesis(P=0.02).Conclusions:RPL22L1 is highly expressed in CRC and is associated with poor prognosis of patients,suggesting its potential as a molecular target for CRC therapy.Furthermore,RPL22L1 may promote the tumorigenesis and progression of CRC by modulating glucose metabolism.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective:To determine the motion detection uncertainty of the real-time CybeRay ? imaging system and patient intrafractional motion with thermoplastic mask-based immobilization. Methods:Real-time CybeRay ? imaging system was used for irradiation and treatment for head phantom and patients with brain tumors. All patients were immobilized with thermoplastic masks. Real-time imaging was delivered using kilovoltage projection images during radiotherapy. The detected patient motion data was collected from 5 head phantom measurements and 27 treatment fractions of 9 brain tumor patients admitted to Kaifeng Cancer Hospital. The accuracy and uncertainty of the motion monitoring system were determined. Results:The mean and standard deviation (SD) of the detected motion in the X, Y, and Z directions for phantom were (-0.02±0.41) mm, (-0.05±0.22) mm and (0.01±0.35) mm, respectively. The detected motion in the X, Y and Z directions for patents were (-0.13±0.48) mm, (-0.05±0.48) mm and (0.11±0.36) mm, respectively. After removing the motion detection uncertainty, the actual intrafractional motion of patients were (-0.11±0.25) mm, (0±0.43) mm and (0.10±0.08) mm in three directions, respectively. Conclusions:The uncertainty of real-time imaging-based motion monitoring system of CybeRay ? is less than 0.5 mm. It is feasible to apply thermoplastic masks for brain tumor patients in clinical practice, which can provide steady immobilization and limit the SD of patient intrafractional motion within 0.5 mm. Real-time imaging-based motion monitoring system of CybeRay ? is accurate for patient motion monitoring during frameless stereotactic radiosurgery/radiotherapy.

Objective: This cross-sectional investigation aimed to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics, prognosis, and related risk factors of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain in mainland China. Methods: Data of patients with SARS-CoV-2 from December 28, 2022, to February 21, 2023, were collected through online and offline questionnaires from 45 tertiary hospitals and one center for disease control and prevention in mainland China. The questionnaire included demographic information, previous health history, smoking and alcohol drinking, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, olfactory and gustatory function before and after infection, other symptoms after infection, as well as the duration and improvement of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The self-reported olfactory and gustatory functions of patients were evaluated using the Olfactory VAS scale and Gustatory VAS scale. Results: A total of 35 566 valid questionnaires were obtained, revealing a high incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain (67.75%). Females(χ2=367.013, P<0.001) and young people(χ2=120.210, P<0.001) were more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Gender(OR=1.564, 95%CI: 1.487-1.645), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), oral health status (OR=0.881, 95%CI: 0.839-0.926), smoking history (OR=1.152, 95%CI=1.080-1.229), and drinking history (OR=0.854, 95%CI: 0.785-0.928) were correlated with the occurrence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2(above P<0.001). 44.62% (4 391/9 840) of the patients who had not recovered their sense of smell and taste also suffered from nasal congestion, runny nose, and 32.62% (3 210/9 840) suffered from dry mouth and sore throat. The improvement of olfactory and taste functions was correlated with the persistence of accompanying symptoms(χ2=10.873, P=0.001). The average score of olfactory and taste VAS scale was 8.41 and 8.51 respectively before SARS-CoV-2 infection, but decreased to3.69 and 4.29 respectively after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and recovered to 5.83and 6.55 respectively at the time of the survey. The median duration of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions was 15 days and 12 days, respectively, with 0.5% (121/24 096) of patients experiencing these dysfunctions for more than 28 days. The overall self-reported improvement rate of smell and taste dysfunctions was 59.16% (14 256/24 096). Gender(OR=0.893, 95%CI: 0.839-0.951), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), history of head and facial trauma(OR=1.180, 95%CI: 1.036-1.344, P=0.013), nose (OR=1.104, 95%CI: 1.042-1.171, P=0.001) and oral (OR=1.162, 95%CI: 1.096-1.233) health status, smoking history(OR=0.765, 95%CI: 0.709-0.825), and the persistence of accompanying symptoms (OR=0.359, 95%CI: 0.332-0.388) were correlated with the recovery of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2 (above P<0.001 except for the indicated values). Conclusion: The incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain is high in mainland China, with females and young people more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Active and effective intervention measures may be required for cases that persist for a long time. The recovery of olfactory and taste functions is influenced by several factors, including gender, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status, history of head and facial trauma, nasal and oral health status, smoking history, and persistence of accompanying symptoms.
Female ; Humans ; Adolescent ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Smell ; COVID-19/complications* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Incidence ; Olfaction Disorders/etiology* ; Taste Disorders/etiology* ; Prognosis

Objective:To explore application of mixed teaching platform in the clinical practice teaching of the laboratory medicine in Children's hospitals.Methods:We constructed a mixed online and offline teaching platform based on the Laboratory Quality Management System (LQMS) in the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. The undergraduates from Batch 2016 ( n=15) and Batch 2018 ( n=12) of College of Laboratory Medicine of Chongqing Medical University were taken as control group and experimental group respectively. Traditional teaching method was adopted by the control group, and the mixed teaching method was adopted by the experimental group. The results of two groups' clinical practice assessment, rate of outstanding students (total score ≥ 90) and rate of satisfaction (score ≥ 90) were compared to evaluate the teaching effect. SPSS 17.0 was used to conduct t-test and Chi-square test. Results:The database of teaching platform includes 68 teaching cases, 198 pieces of courseware, 305 clinical cases and 3 036 atlases. The test bank has accumulated 4 657 tests, covering clinical laboratory, immunology, biochemistry, microbiology and blood transfusion. The results of students in experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group [the score of clinical practice assessment: (85.90±5.04) vs. (78.90±6.75)( P<0.05); rate of outstanding students: 33.3% (4/12) vs. 6.7% (1/15), P>0.05; rate of satisfaction: 86.7% (13/15) vs. 100.0% (12/12) ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The mixed online and offline teaching platform based on the LQMS is highly recognized by students and can significantly improve the effect of clinical practice teaching, which can provide typical medical case teaching at any time and make up for limited case type in children's hospital.