To summarize the distribution characteristics of human papillomavirus(HPV) infection types in patients with cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion(SIL) and cervical cancer(CC), and to explore the impact of HPV vaccination, HPV infection types, and general clinical data on different grades of cervical lesions.

Objective:To explore the incidence status,influencing factors and short-term prognosis characteristics of early onset coronary heart disease in women in Wansheng District of Chongqing,and to provide scientific basis for formulating regional prevention and treatment strategies.Methods:This study was a single-center retrospective study,100 coronary heart disease in women from January 2022 to December 2023 at Chongqing Wansheng Economic and Technological Development Zone People's Hospital were prospective selected,and they were divided into early onset group of 40 cases(≤ 65 years old)and late onset group of 60 cases(＞65 years old)based on their age of onset.Another 60 healthy women who underwent physical examinations during the same period to exclude coronary heart disease were selected as the control group.Univariate factor and multiple factor logistic regression analysis were used to identify independent risk factors for early onset coronary heart disease in women.Draw receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve for the subjects,the efficacy of risk factors in predicting early onset coronary heart disease based on the area under the curve(AUC)of ROC curve were evaluated.Patients were followed up for 1 year to observe the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE).Result:Among 100 fcoronary heart disease in women,the early onset group accounted for 40.00％(40/100).Univariate analysis showed that age,hyperlipidemia history,smoking history,hypertension history,family history,diabetes history,total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were related to the early onset coronary heart disease.Multivariate analysis showed that,hyperlipidemia history(OR=4.124,95％CI:2.343-7.217),smoking history(OR=3.564),hypertension(OR=3.253),family history(OR=2.981),diabetes history(OR=2.873)were independent risk factors.ROC curve analysis results showed that joint evaluation had the best predictive value,with AUC of 0.829,which was higher than the AUC of individual evaluation for each factor.The incidence of MACE in the early onset group(45.00％)was significantly higher than that in the late onset group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Early onset coronary heart disease in women in Wansheng District of Chongqing is related to the hyperlipidemia history,smoking,hypertension history,family history and diabetes history.The incidence of MACE in early-onset patients followed up for 1 year is higher than that in late-onset patients.

Objective:To investigate the effect of different administration routes of unfractionated heparin(UFH)during left atrial appendage closure(LAAC)on activated clotting time(ACT)values and thrombosis event.Meth-ods:We retrospectively analyzed 96 patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing LAAC in Affiliated Ninth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine between August 2020 and December 2021.According to administration routine of UFH,patients were divided into peripheral administration group(n=45)and left atrium administration group(n=51).Each group was given one-off 100 IU/kg UFH.ACT values at 20,40 and 60 min after first-dose UFH administration,incidence of perioperative thrombosis and bleeding were compared between two groups.Results:① There were no significant differences in baseline data,including age,gender,albumin,platelet count,hemoglobin,estimated glomerular filtration rate,preopcrative anticoagulant usages etc.between two groups(P＞0.05 all);② There were no significant difference in ACT values at 20,40 and 60min after adminis-tration between peripheral and left atrium administration(P＞0.05 all),but first-dose ACT standard-reaching rate in left atrium administration group was significantly higher than that of peripheral administration group(52.9％vs.31.1％,P=0.031);③ Left atrium administration group had lower incidence of perioperative thrombosis(2.0％vs.8.9％,P=0.287)comparing to peripheral administration group without statistical difference;there was no significant difference in incidence of perioperative bleeding between two groups(P=1.000).Conclusion:Intra-left atrium administration of unfractionated heparin could increase first-dose ACT standard-reaching rate(＞250s)and might provide a trend of decreased thrombosis.

This paper reported a case of simultaneous twin pregnancy and successful delivery in each horn of uterus didelphys. The patient had a history of adverse pregnancies and was diagnosed with a uterus didelphys with double cervix through hysteroscopy, although the uterine cavity morphology was normal. This pregnancy was conceived naturally, with the last menstrual period on December 21, 2023. The patient underwent regular prenatal check-ups at Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital). Early pregnancy ultrasound confirmed simultaneous twin pregnancy in each horn of uterus didelphys. Multiple ultrasounds showed no fetal growth restriction or other abnormalities. At 37 weeks of gestation, the patient experienced chest tightness and shortness of breath due to polyhydramnios, and one fetus was in the cephalic position while the other was in the breech position, posing a high risk for vaginal delivery. Therefore, an elective cesarean section was performed at 37 weeks and one day of gestation, delivering a male infant weighing 3 260 g and a female infant weighing 2 400 g. The 1-,5-, and 10-minute Apgar scores were all 10 points, with favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes.

To analyze the standard establishment approach and compilation rationale for metallic pharmaceutical packaging standard development in the 2025 edition of the Pharmacopeia of the People's Republic of China.This article systematically explained the background and process of establishing the guiding principles for metallic materials and containers used in pharmaceutical packaging in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia through basic information,relevant domestic and international standards,the establishment of key quality attributes of metallic pharmaceutical packaging materials,and the construction of metallic pharmaceutical packaging material standards.The newly established guidelines,the Pharmacopeia of the People's Republic of China 9625,prioritized product critical quality attributes(CQAs)and real-world applicability.This dual emphasis on rigidity and adaptability enhances drug safety,meets the regulatory requirements,and promotes the globalization and scientific advancement of China's pharmaceutical packaging industry.

Radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) is a common oral complication in patients with tumors following head and neck radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Erosion and ulcers are the main features of OM that seriously affect the quality of life of patients and even the progress of tumor treatment. To date, differences in clinical prevention and treatment plans for OM have been noted among doctors of various specialties, which has increased the uncertainty of treatment effects. On the basis of current research evidence, this expert consensus outlines risk factors, clinical manifestations, clinical grading, ancillary examinations, diagnostic basis, prevention and treatment strategies and efficacy indicators for OM. In addition to strategies such as basic oral care, anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents, anti-infective agents, pro-healing agents, and photobiotherapy recommended in previous guidelines, we also emphasize the role of traditional Chinese medicine in OM prevention and treatment. This expert consensus aims to provide references and guidance for dental physicians and oncologists in formulating strategies for OM prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, standardizing clinical practice, reducing OM occurrence, promoting healing, and improving the quality of life of patients.
Humans ; Chemoradiotherapy/adverse effects* ; Consensus ; Risk Factors ; Stomatitis/etiology*

This study investigates the pharmacokinetics and metabolic characteristics of three marine-derived piericidins as potential drug leads for kidney disease: piericidin A (PA) and its two glycosides (GPAs), glucopiericidin A (GPA) and 13-hydroxyglucopiericidin A (13-OH-GPA). The research aims to facilitate lead selection and optimization for developing a viable preclinical candidate. Rapid absorption of PA and GPAs in mice was observed, characterized by short half-lives and low bioavailability. Glycosides and hydroxyl groups significantly enhanced the absorption rate (13-OH-GPA > GPA > PA). PA and GPAs exhibited metabolic instability in liver microsomes due to Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) and uridine diphosphoglucuronosyl transferases (UGTs). Glucuronidation emerged as the primary metabolic pathway, with UGT1A7, UGT1A8, UGT1A9, and UGT1A10 demonstrating high elimination rates (30%-70%) for PA and GPAs. This rapid glucuronidation may contribute to the low bioavailability of GPAs. Despite its low bioavailability (2.69%), 13-OH-GPA showed higher kidney distribution (19.8%) compared to PA (10.0%) and GPA (7.3%), suggesting enhanced biological efficacy in kidney diseases. Modifying the C-13 hydroxyl group appears to be a promising approach to improve bioavailability. In conclusion, this study provides valuable metabolic insights for the development and optimization of marine-derived piericidins as potential drug leads for kidney disease.
Animals ; Male ; Mice ; Aquatic Organisms/chemistry* ; Biological Availability ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism* ; Glucuronosyltransferase/metabolism* ; Microsomes, Liver/metabolism* ; Molecular Structure ; Biological Products/pharmacokinetics* ; Pyridines/pharmacokinetics*

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multifunctional growth factors of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily. They regulate steroid secretion from mammalian granulosa cells, promote granulosa cell survival and proliferation, and inhibit follicular atresia, luteinization, and granulosa cell apoptosis, thereby promoting the development and maturation of mammalian follicles. At the same time, BMPs play an important role in embryonic morphogenesis, induction of uterine receptivity, and blastocyst attachment. This paper describes the effects of BMPs on mammalian follicular and embryonic development and the roles of BMPs in female reproduction, focusing on the process in which BMPs promote follicular maturation by regulating steroid secretion from granulosa cells during mammalian oocyte maturation. This review aims to provide a reference for further research on mammalian oocyte culture and improvement of reproductive efficiency in female animals.
Animals ; Embryonic Development/drug effects* ; Female ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/pharmacology* ; Reproduction/physiology* ; Humans ; Granulosa Cells/cytology* ; Oocytes

Objective To investigate the effects of fractionated low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) on the ferroptosis in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells as well as the associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs), biological processes, and signaling pathways. Methods HBE cells were exposed to different single doses of X-ray irradiation (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mGy) for 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. The change in cell viability was detected by MTT assay. Cells were irradiated with 0, 25, 50, and 100 mGy X-rays 5 times, with 48 h between each irradiation and a dose rate of 50 mGy/min. Cells were harvested 24 h after irradiation for the measurement of the expression of ferroptosis-related genes SLC7A11 and GPX4 at the mRNA and protein levels, cellular iron content, and the expression of FTH1 and FTL mRNAs. High-throughput sequencing was used to screen for the DEGs in each dose group, followed by Gene Ontology-Biological Process (GO-BP) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Results Compared with the control group, single-dose LDIR significantly increased cell proliferation at 75 mGy after 24 h (P < 0.05), at 50, 75, and 100 mGy after 48 h (P < 0.05), and at 75 and 100 mGy after 72 h (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, at the end of the fifth fractionated LDIR, SLC7A11 and GPX4 mRNAs decreased at all doses (P < 0.05), SLC7A11 protein decreased at all doses, GPX4 protein decreased at 25 and 100 mGy, iron content increased at all doses, and FTH1 and FTL mRNAs decreased at all doses (P< 0.05). Sequencing analysis identified 248, 30, and 291 DEGs and 10, 2, and 9 ferroptosis-associated genes at the three doses compared to the control. Gene Ontology-Biological Process analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in biological processes such as response to lipids, cell death, and response to unfolded proteins. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, lipids and atherosclerosis, ferroptosis, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and FoxO signaling pathway. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in ferroptosis, fatty acid degradation, and glutathione metabolism. Conclusion Fractionated low-dose radiation induced ferroptosis in HBE cells, and DEGs were predominantly enriched in biological processes and signaling pathways related to inflammation, ferroptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objective To investigate the induction of senescence in L02 hepatocytes by low-dose fractionated X-ray radiation and its effects on oxidative stress, oxidative damage, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway protein levels. Methods L02 cells were subjected to fractionated X-ray irradiation at doses of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 Gy per fraction for a total of six fractions. Assays were performed 24 hours after the final irradiation. Measurements included SA-β-gal staining, the mRNAs of senescence-related genes p53 and p21 and their encoded proteins, mRNAs of genes encoding senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors (IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF, MMP-15), reactive oxygen species, oxidative and anti-oxidative markers (malondialdehyde, glutathione, superoxide dismutase), DNA oxidative damage markers (8-OHdG and γ-H2AX), and NF-κB pathway protein levels. Results Compared with the control group, at 24 hours after the end of six irradiations, the number of cells positive in SA-β-gal staining was significantly increased in all dose groups. The mRNA and protein levels of p21 and p53 were significantly elevated in the 0.2 Gy × 6 and 0.5 Gy × 6 groups (P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of genes encoding IL-6, GM-CSF, and MMP-15 were significantly increased in all dose groups (P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of the gene encoding IL-8 were significantly increased in the 0.2 Gy × 6 and 0.5 Gy × 6 groups (P < 0.05). The levels of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and glutathione were significantly increased in all dose groups (P < 0.01). The level of superoxide dismutase was significantly increased in the 0.5 Gy × 6 group (P < 0.01). The levels of 8-OHdG were significantly increased in all dose groups (P < 0.05). In both the 0.2 Gy × 6 and 0.5 Gy × 6 groups, the expression levels of γ-H2AX and p-NF-κB p65 were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the levels of IκBα were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Conclusion Low-dose fractionated X-ray radiation can induce senescence and cause alterations in oxidative stress, oxidative damage, and the levels of NF-κB pathway proteins in L02 hepatocytes.