ObjectiveTo analyze the current status of per⁃ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) contamination in animal⁃derived foods in Shanghai and to assess the risk of dietary exposure among local residents, thereby providing a scientific basis for future dietary safety and risk management. MethodsA total of 300 commonly consumed animal⁃derived food samples were collected in Shanghai in 2023 and tested for 17 types of PFASs. Based on local dietary consumption data, the weekly exposure intake (EWI) of four representative PFASs was calculated using the exposure assessment model recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). The calculated EWI was compared with the tolerable weekly intake (TWI) set by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) to assess the health risks associated with dietary intake of PFASs. ResultsThe predominant PFASs detected in aquatic products were PFUnDA (98.67%), PFTrDA (98.00%), and PFOS (95.33%), with PFUnDA having the highest median mass fraction (0.378 ng·g^-1). In meat samples, PFBA (54.17%), PFOA (20.83%), and PFOS (18.33%) were mainly detected, with PFBA showing the highest median mass fraction (0.027 ng·g^-1). In egg samples, the most frequently detected compounds were PFBA (90.00%), PFOA (63.33%), PFOS (50.00%), PFDA (50.00%), PFNA (50.00%), and PFHxDA (50.00%), with PFBA again having the highest median mass fraction (0.068 ng·g^-1). The median mass fractions of the four key PFASs (PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, and PFHxS) in aquatic products were significantly higher than those in meat products and eggs (all P<0.001), and there were statistically significant differences in the median mass fractions of the four PFASs among different types of aquatic products (all P<0.05). The EWI of the four PFASs was 2.970 ng·kg^-1 for the mean consumption group and 6.676 ng·kg^-1 for the high consumption group (P₉₅), with females having higher EWI values than males. ConclusionPFOS, PFOA, and PFBA are the major PFAS contaminants in animal⁃derived foods consumed by Shanghai residents, with aquatic products having the highest levels of contamination. The EWIs of four PFASs among Shanghai residents did not exceed EFSA’s recommended TWI at average consumption levels. However, the EWIs for high⁃consumption populations exceeded the EFSA⁃recommended TWI, posing potential health risks to these populations. Aquatic products contribute the most to dietary PFAS exposure. It is necessary to strengthen PFAS monitoring in aquatic products and conduct targeted risk assessments for high⁃consumption groups.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between different states of cardiac function and their changes during the course of diabetic foot ulcers(DFU), and to evaluate their impact on patient prognosis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 194 DFU patients who were rehospitalized at approximately 3-month intervals. Basic clinical data and cardiac function-related indicators were collected at baseline and follow-up. Patients were followed until death or until November 10, 2024. Outcomes including ulcer healing, recurrence, minor amputation, and death were recorded. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the effects of cardiac function status and its changes on these four outcomes. Results:After treatment, the proportion of patients with NYHA class Ⅱ-Ⅲ decreased significantly from 33.5% at baseline to 21.6%( P=0.009). Serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP) level also decreased after treatment compared with baseline [635.85(59.83, 453.28) pg/mL vs 728.67(81.48, 696.15) pg/mL, P=0.055]. Serum NT-proBNP level was significantly higher in the death group compared to the survival group( P=0.002). The proportion of DFU patients with baseline NYHA class Ⅱ-Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in those with class Ⅰ( P=0.012). Regression analysis showed that an improvement in NT-proBNP levels was associated with a lower risk of DFU recurrence( OR=0.378, 95% CI 0.183-0.779, P=0.008), and improvement in NYHA class was associated with a lower mortality risk( OR=0.074, 95% CI 0.020-0.275, P<0.001). Conclusion:Cardiac function status and its changes during the treatment of DFU patients have strong prognostic implications, particularly in predicting the risk of recurrence and death outcomes.

Under the new situation of establishing the new standard system for pharmaceutical packaging materials in the 2025 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and promulgating the appendix on pharmaceutical packaging ma-terials in the Good Manufacturing Practice for Drugs,it is urgently necessary to introduce relevant standards for quality agreements on pharmaceutical packaging materials.This article focuses on analyzing the development of group standards for pharmaceutical packaging materials under the new situation,the role and significance of quality agreements for pharmaceutical packaging materials,as well as the interpretation of key parts of the"Guidelines for the Management of Quality Agreements for Pharmaceutical Packaging Materials",in order to help enterprises quick-ly shift from the original"standard-only"approach to strengthening the quality management of the entire product life cycle through quality agreements.

Objective:To investigate the effects of two anastomosis methods on perioperative and pathological outcomes during totally laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (TLRH).Methods:In a national multicenter snapshot study, 1,854 patients who underwent laparoscopic right hemicolectomy were enrolled from 52 tertiary hospitals across China. The post-hoc analysis based on this study compared the data of 303 patients who underwent TLRH. Patients were divided into the antiperistaltic group (33 cases) and the isoperistaltic group (270 cases) according to type of anastomosis. Due to the significant difference in sample size between the two groups, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to eliminate the influence of baseline characteristic discrepancies. The matching was based on the following known confounding factors: age, gender, body mass index (BMI), history of abdominal surgery, and history of diabetes, with a caliper value of 0.2. Perioperative and pathological outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results:After PSM, 33 patients were included in the antiperistaltic group and 65 patients in the isoperistaltic group. There were no statistically significant differences in baseline data between the two groups (all P>0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of operation time, blood loss, time to first defecation, time to first oral intake, or the incidence and grading of complications either (all P>0.05). However, length of postoperative hospital stay in the isoperistaltic group was significantly shorter than that in the antiperistaltic group, however (7.0 [6.0, 9.0] days vs. 8.0 [7.0, 10.5] days, P=0.049). In terms of pathological outcomes, there were also no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the number of harvested lymph nodes or the number of positive lymph nodes (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The two digestive tract reconstruction modalities, antiperistaltic and isoperistaltic anastomosis, have comparable perioperative safety and efficacy in TLRH. The isoperistaltic group had better outcomes in terms of postoperative hospital stay.

Under the new situation of establishing the new standard system for pharmaceutical packaging materials in the 2025 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and promulgating the appendix on pharmaceutical packaging ma-terials in the Good Manufacturing Practice for Drugs,it is urgently necessary to introduce relevant standards for quality agreements on pharmaceutical packaging materials.This article focuses on analyzing the development of group standards for pharmaceutical packaging materials under the new situation,the role and significance of quality agreements for pharmaceutical packaging materials,as well as the interpretation of key parts of the"Guidelines for the Management of Quality Agreements for Pharmaceutical Packaging Materials",in order to help enterprises quick-ly shift from the original"standard-only"approach to strengthening the quality management of the entire product life cycle through quality agreements.

Objective:To investigate the effects of two anastomosis methods on perioperative and pathological outcomes during totally laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (TLRH).Methods:In a national multicenter snapshot study, 1,854 patients who underwent laparoscopic right hemicolectomy were enrolled from 52 tertiary hospitals across China. The post-hoc analysis based on this study compared the data of 303 patients who underwent TLRH. Patients were divided into the antiperistaltic group (33 cases) and the isoperistaltic group (270 cases) according to type of anastomosis. Due to the significant difference in sample size between the two groups, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to eliminate the influence of baseline characteristic discrepancies. The matching was based on the following known confounding factors: age, gender, body mass index (BMI), history of abdominal surgery, and history of diabetes, with a caliper value of 0.2. Perioperative and pathological outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results:After PSM, 33 patients were included in the antiperistaltic group and 65 patients in the isoperistaltic group. There were no statistically significant differences in baseline data between the two groups (all P>0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of operation time, blood loss, time to first defecation, time to first oral intake, or the incidence and grading of complications either (all P>0.05). However, length of postoperative hospital stay in the isoperistaltic group was significantly shorter than that in the antiperistaltic group, however (7.0 [6.0, 9.0] days vs. 8.0 [7.0, 10.5] days, P=0.049). In terms of pathological outcomes, there were also no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the number of harvested lymph nodes or the number of positive lymph nodes (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The two digestive tract reconstruction modalities, antiperistaltic and isoperistaltic anastomosis, have comparable perioperative safety and efficacy in TLRH. The isoperistaltic group had better outcomes in terms of postoperative hospital stay.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between different states of cardiac function and their changes during the course of diabetic foot ulcers(DFU), and to evaluate their impact on patient prognosis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 194 DFU patients who were rehospitalized at approximately 3-month intervals. Basic clinical data and cardiac function-related indicators were collected at baseline and follow-up. Patients were followed until death or until November 10, 2024. Outcomes including ulcer healing, recurrence, minor amputation, and death were recorded. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the effects of cardiac function status and its changes on these four outcomes. Results:After treatment, the proportion of patients with NYHA class Ⅱ-Ⅲ decreased significantly from 33.5% at baseline to 21.6%( P=0.009). Serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP) level also decreased after treatment compared with baseline [635.85(59.83, 453.28) pg/mL vs 728.67(81.48, 696.15) pg/mL, P=0.055]. Serum NT-proBNP level was significantly higher in the death group compared to the survival group( P=0.002). The proportion of DFU patients with baseline NYHA class Ⅱ-Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in those with class Ⅰ( P=0.012). Regression analysis showed that an improvement in NT-proBNP levels was associated with a lower risk of DFU recurrence( OR=0.378, 95% CI 0.183-0.779, P=0.008), and improvement in NYHA class was associated with a lower mortality risk( OR=0.074, 95% CI 0.020-0.275, P<0.001). Conclusion:Cardiac function status and its changes during the treatment of DFU patients have strong prognostic implications, particularly in predicting the risk of recurrence and death outcomes.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of screening-intervention management program for high risk population of stroke in community.Methods Participants aged≥60 years old in Tairi Community,Fengxian District,Shanghai from May 2019 to July 2022 were selected as screening and intervention objects.The first round of stroke high-risk group screening was conducted in 2019 and 2020 in two years respectively,and the second round of stroke high-risk group screening(re-screening)was conducted in 2021 and 2022 respectively for the 2019 and 2020 screening groups,and the groups who had received stroke high-risk screening in both rounds of screening(overlapping groups)were selected as the observation objects of this study.The cerebrovascular function score was used to screen the high-risk individuals of stroke,75-100 was classified as non-high-risk,＜75 were classified as high risk,among which 50-74,25-49,0-24 were light,medium and severe risk,in turn.Baseline and follow-up data were collected for all screening groups,including systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,overweight or obesity,fasting blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin,triglyceride,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and blood uric acid.After the completion of screening,the test report interpretation and first diagnosis intervention were carried out on the screening site,and the screening results were recorded into the health examination file.The first intervention includes lifestyle intervention,risk factor intervention and therapeutic intervention for high-risk individuals.Lifestyle intervention and risk factor intervention were conducted through the distribution of popular science handbook for stroke prevention and individualized face-to-face guidance.Therapeutic intervention for high-risk individuals was guided by anti-platelet aggregation drug therapy,statin therapy,and further examination and treatment of cerebral vessels according to stroke risk assessment results and the incidence of related chronic diseases.Prior to the implementation of the project,the incidence of stroke in the community in 2018 was retrospectively investigated to compare annual changes in stroke screening-intervention.In the process of implementation of intervention management,stroke incidence monitoring of the whole community registered population was carried out,and the monitoring method was to conduct stroke incidence registration once a year,and cooperate with the disease control and community police station to obtain the community stroke incidence monitoring data and death registration information provided by the police station from 2018 to 2022.Results A total of 5 188 subjects who completed both the initial screening and the follow-up screening and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were identified,of whom 2 269 were male and 2 923 were female.The age of participants ranged from 60 to 93 years at the time of the first round of screening,with a mean age of(68±6)years.The proportions of subjects in the age groups of 60-64,65-69,70-74,and≥75 years were 30.3％,34.7％,21.1％,and 14.0％,respectively.(1)After screening and intervention,the proportion of individuals with increased systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,triglyceride,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol all decreased(respectively 49.4％vs.57.3％,26.6％vs.28.7％,9.6％vs.10.9％,14.7％vs.17.0％,2.4％vs.3.3％;all P＜0.05),but the proportion of individuals with hyperuricemia increased(15.8％vs.13.1％,P＜0.01),with statistically significant differences.(2)Before the implementation of the screening-intervention program in 2018,the stroke incidence rate in the community was 332.1/100 000.The stroke incidence rates in the community during the period from 2019 to 2022 after the implementation of the screening-intervention program were 335.0/100 000,270.8/100 000,235.0/100 000,and 193.6/100 000,respectively.The incidence rates of ischemic stroke(x2trend=8.350,P=0.004)and stroke(x2trend=9.910,P=0.002)decreased during the period from 2019 to 2022,while the incidence rate of hemorrhagic stroke did not show a decreasing trend(x2trend=1.636,P=0.201).(3)The median baseline and follow-up cerebrovascular function scores for the 5 188 elderly individuals undergoing residual stroke risk screening were 82.50(52.50,98.75)and 88.5(59.00,100.00),respectively,with stroke risk rates of 39.8％and 35.6％before and after intervention,respectively.After intervention,the follow-up cerebrovascular function scores increased compared to the baseline,and the stroke risk rate decreased.The distribution of stroke risk levels before and after screening-intervention had statistically significant differences(P＜0.01).Conclusion Implementing a stroke high-risk population screening-intervention management program for the elderly in the community,combined with health examinations and family doctor team services,can significantly reduce the incidence,high-risk rate,and exposure level of risk factors for stroke in the community.

Objective The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of various Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)syndromes during the acute phase of ischemic stroke and identify the key symptoms associated with each syndrome.Methods A total of 1011 patients in the acute phase of ischemic stroke were assessed for TCM syndromes using the"Diagnostic criteria for stroke in Traditional Chinese Medicine"within 72 h of symptom onset,on the 7th day post onset,and on the 14th day.R4.2.3 software was utilized to analyze the TCM syndromes and symptoms,as well as to conduct network analysis.Results The incidence of phlegm syndrome was the highest(54.10％,51.18％,49.39％)at 72 h,7th and 14th day of disease onset,respectively,followed by wind syndrome,fire-heat syndrome,blood stasis syndrome,qi deficiency syndrome and excessive yang due to yin deficiency syndrome.The incidence of wind syndrome gradually decreased over time(x2=15.619,P＜0.001).In the network of 44 TCM syndrome entries,TZ-5(pulse)had the highest centrality index(strength=2.4)and was located at the most central position of the network.In the network analysis of different TCM syndrome,TZ-5(pulse)(strength=1.91)was located in the center of the phlegm syndrome network,FZ-1(onset)(strength=1.61)was located in the center of the wind syndrome network,HRZ-2(tongue coating)(strength=1.37)was located in the center of the network in the fire-heat syndrome,XYZ-1(tongue texture)(strength=1.18)was located at the center of the network for the blood stasis syndrome.Conclusion The phlegm syndrome is the most important syndrome in the acute phase of ischemic stroke.Employing network analysis can elucidate the central symptoms of different syndromes and the interconnections between the symptoms,providing new ideas for the identification of ischemic stroke.

Objective The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of various Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)syndromes during the acute phase of ischemic stroke and identify the key symptoms associated with each syndrome.Methods A total of 1011 patients in the acute phase of ischemic stroke were assessed for TCM syndromes using the"Diagnostic criteria for stroke in Traditional Chinese Medicine"within 72 h of symptom onset,on the 7th day post onset,and on the 14th day.R4.2.3 software was utilized to analyze the TCM syndromes and symptoms,as well as to conduct network analysis.Results The incidence of phlegm syndrome was the highest(54.10％,51.18％,49.39％)at 72 h,7th and 14th day of disease onset,respectively,followed by wind syndrome,fire-heat syndrome,blood stasis syndrome,qi deficiency syndrome and excessive yang due to yin deficiency syndrome.The incidence of wind syndrome gradually decreased over time(x2=15.619,P＜0.001).In the network of 44 TCM syndrome entries,TZ-5(pulse)had the highest centrality index(strength=2.4)and was located at the most central position of the network.In the network analysis of different TCM syndrome,TZ-5(pulse)(strength=1.91)was located in the center of the phlegm syndrome network,FZ-1(onset)(strength=1.61)was located in the center of the wind syndrome network,HRZ-2(tongue coating)(strength=1.37)was located in the center of the network in the fire-heat syndrome,XYZ-1(tongue texture)(strength=1.18)was located at the center of the network for the blood stasis syndrome.Conclusion The phlegm syndrome is the most important syndrome in the acute phase of ischemic stroke.Employing network analysis can elucidate the central symptoms of different syndromes and the interconnections between the symptoms,providing new ideas for the identification of ischemic stroke.