Objective:To investigate the iodine nutrition status of children aged 8 - 10 and pregnant women in Xining City, Qinghai Province.Methods:From 2019 to 2021, a stratified cluster sampling method was used to divide 7 counties (districts) under the jurisdiction of Xining City, Qinghai Province into 5 sampling areas according to east, west, south, north, and center each year. One township (town, street) was selected from each area. Forty non boarding students aged 8 to 10 from each primary school (half male and half female, age balanced) and 20 pregnant women from each township (town, street) location were selected to collect edible salt samples at home and a random urine sample to measure salt iodine and urinary iodine level. B-ultrasound was used to measure thyroid volume in children and the goiter rate was calculated.Results:A total of 6 534 samples of household edible salt were collected from children and pregnant women, with an average salt iodine concentration of 25.58 mg/kg. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 97.50% (6 371/6 534), and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 89.46% (5 845/6 534). A total of 4 362 urine samples were collected from children, with a median urinary iodine level of 183.10 μg/L. The difference between different years was statistically significant ( H = 20.27, P < 0.001). A total of 2 169 urine samples were collected from pregnant women, with a median urinary iodine level of 168.90 μg/L. The difference between different years was statistically significant ( H = 107.09, P < 0.001). A total of 3 336 cases of thyroid gland examination were conducted in children, including 33 cases of thyroid enlargement, with a goiter rate of 0.99%. There was a statistically significant difference between different years (χ 2 = 15.00, P < 0.001). Conclusion:From 2019 to 2021, children aged 8 to 10 and pregnant women in Xining City are at an appropriate level of iodine, and the achievements in prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders still need to be continuously consolidated.

Objective:To investigation the situation of water improvement projects in villages affected by drinking water-type endemic fluorosis in Qinghai Province and the prevalence of dental fluorosis among children, in order to provide a basis for consolidating the achievements in prevention and control of drinking water-type endemic fluorosis and adjusting prevention and control measures.Methods:The monitoring data on drinking water-type endemic fluorosis were collected from the disease prevention and control centers in various counties of Qinghai Province from 2021 to 2023, the situation of water improvement projects, the fluorine content of domestic drinking water and the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 to 12 years old were retrospectively analyzed.Results:From 2021 to 2023, the numbers of villages affected by drinking water-type endemic fluorosis in Qinghai Province were 338, 335, and 328, respectively. The numbers of water improvement projects were 125, 127 and 124, respectively. The normal operation rates were 100%, 100% and 99.19% (123/124), respectively. The qualified rates of water fluoride level were 100%, 99.21% (126/127) and 99.19% (123/124), respectively. The detection rates of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 were 4.34% (515/11 877), 5.70% (646/11 331) and 4.48% (490/10 943), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of dental fluorosis among children in different years (χ 2 = 22.79, P < 0.001). Conclusions:The overall operation status of water improvement project in villages affected by drinking water-type endemic fluorosis in Qinghai Province is generally good, but there has been some relaxation in management and maintenance in the later stage, and there is a phenomenon of project intermittency. The detection rate of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 remains low, and endemic fluorosis caused by drinking water is under continuous control.

Objective:To investigate the iodine nutrition status of children aged 8 - 10 and pregnant women in Xining City, Qinghai Province.Methods:From 2019 to 2021, a stratified cluster sampling method was used to divide 7 counties (districts) under the jurisdiction of Xining City, Qinghai Province into 5 sampling areas according to east, west, south, north, and center each year. One township (town, street) was selected from each area. Forty non boarding students aged 8 to 10 from each primary school (half male and half female, age balanced) and 20 pregnant women from each township (town, street) location were selected to collect edible salt samples at home and a random urine sample to measure salt iodine and urinary iodine level. B-ultrasound was used to measure thyroid volume in children and the goiter rate was calculated.Results:A total of 6 534 samples of household edible salt were collected from children and pregnant women, with an average salt iodine concentration of 25.58 mg/kg. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 97.50% (6 371/6 534), and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 89.46% (5 845/6 534). A total of 4 362 urine samples were collected from children, with a median urinary iodine level of 183.10 μg/L. The difference between different years was statistically significant ( H = 20.27, P < 0.001). A total of 2 169 urine samples were collected from pregnant women, with a median urinary iodine level of 168.90 μg/L. The difference between different years was statistically significant ( H = 107.09, P < 0.001). A total of 3 336 cases of thyroid gland examination were conducted in children, including 33 cases of thyroid enlargement, with a goiter rate of 0.99%. There was a statistically significant difference between different years (χ 2 = 15.00, P < 0.001). Conclusion:From 2019 to 2021, children aged 8 to 10 and pregnant women in Xining City are at an appropriate level of iodine, and the achievements in prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders still need to be continuously consolidated.

Objective:To investigation the situation of water improvement projects in villages affected by drinking water-type endemic fluorosis in Qinghai Province and the prevalence of dental fluorosis among children, in order to provide a basis for consolidating the achievements in prevention and control of drinking water-type endemic fluorosis and adjusting prevention and control measures.Methods:The monitoring data on drinking water-type endemic fluorosis were collected from the disease prevention and control centers in various counties of Qinghai Province from 2021 to 2023, the situation of water improvement projects, the fluorine content of domestic drinking water and the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 to 12 years old were retrospectively analyzed.Results:From 2021 to 2023, the numbers of villages affected by drinking water-type endemic fluorosis in Qinghai Province were 338, 335, and 328, respectively. The numbers of water improvement projects were 125, 127 and 124, respectively. The normal operation rates were 100%, 100% and 99.19% (123/124), respectively. The qualified rates of water fluoride level were 100%, 99.21% (126/127) and 99.19% (123/124), respectively. The detection rates of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 were 4.34% (515/11 877), 5.70% (646/11 331) and 4.48% (490/10 943), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of dental fluorosis among children in different years (χ 2 = 22.79, P < 0.001). Conclusions:The overall operation status of water improvement project in villages affected by drinking water-type endemic fluorosis in Qinghai Province is generally good, but there has been some relaxation in management and maintenance in the later stage, and there is a phenomenon of project intermittency. The detection rate of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 remains low, and endemic fluorosis caused by drinking water is under continuous control.

A patient suffered a sustained soft tissue necrosis and infection at the radial interphalangeal joint of left thumb after laser nevus removal. He was treated in the Department of Orthopaedics, No. 920 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army in February 2020. CTA combined with digital technology of Mimics software was used to accurately locate the perforator of posterior tibial artery septal perforator flap at the appropriate part of the calf and the super flap (1.20 cm×0.80 cm×0.46 cm) for the repair was designed. After 1 year of follow-up, the left thumb flap had no swelling with a satisfactory texture and appearance. The sensory recovered to S 3, and the left thumb movement was completely normal. Only a linear scar remained at the donor site of the calf.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of fusion proteins GnRH-GRP(G3G6)and HSP65-STEAP1(HST1)on dendritic cells(DC)and the sensitization of DCs to B16F10 melanoma. The fusion proteins G3G6 and HST1 were obtained using the previous engineering strains in our laboratory. Group by unsensitized DC(US-DC), the G3G6 fusion protein sensitized DC, the HST1 fusion protein sensitized DC(HST1-DC)and the combined sensitized DC(GH-DC), the mouse bone marrow-derived DCs were sensitized with fusion protein to obtain the fusion protein sensitized DC vaccines. B16F10 melanoma cells were transplanted into C57BL/6J male mice to construct a melanoma model(1×106 cells per mouse), and DC vaccine was injected for treatment. The antitumor efficacy of DC vaccine was explored by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the fusion protein can effectively stimulate DC into differentiation and maturation; in the animal experiment, the inhibition rate of melanoma treated with G3G6-DC was 35. 75%, that of HST1-DC group and combination group were 34. 03% and 55. 74%. It was initially proved that both G3G6-DC and HST1-DC can effectively inhibit the growth of transplanted tumors of melanoma B16F10 cells in mice, and the combination therapy is superior to the single therapy.

Objective To investigate the safety of the laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) in 70 years of age or older patients.Methods The retrospective cohort study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 40 patients (age ≥70 years old) who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy in the West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2012 and December 2016 were collected.Twenty patients undergoing LPD were allocated into the LPD group,and 20 receiving open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD) who were selected by random number table during the same period were allocated into the OPD group.Observation indicators included:(1) intraoperative situations;(2) postoperative situations;(3) follow-up situation.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect the patients' survival after discharge and tumor recurrence and metastasis up to March 2017.Measurement data with normal distribution was represented as x±s,and comparison between groups were evaluated with the t test.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as median (range) and comparison between groups was analyzed using the nonparametric test.Comparison of count data was analyzed using the chi-square test.Comparison of ranked data was analyzed by non parametric test.Results (1) Intraoperative situations:1 patient in the LPD group was converted to open surgery,with a conversive rate of 5.0％ (1/20).Operative time and volume of intraoperative blood loss were (463 ± 10) minutes,210.5 mL (152.5-300.0 mL) in the LPD group and (332± 25) minutes,420.0 mL (350.1-493.8 mL) in the OPD group,showing statistically significant differences between the 2 groups (t =5.48,Z =-3.98,P＜0.05).Cases with intraoperative blood transfusion and pylorus preservation were respectively 4,14 in the LPD group and 6,10 in the OPD group,showing no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2=0.53,1.67,P＞0.05).The results of intraoperative rapid frozen pathological examination showed negative margin of the 40 patients.(2) Postoperative situations:cases in ICU,cases with postoperative analgesia,time for out-of-bed activity,time to anal exsufflation and time for intake were 17,7,(2.2±0.7)days,(4.2± 0.9)days,(4.8±0.7)days in the LPD group and 6,15,(3.6±0.8)days,(5.7±0.9)days,(7.1 ± 2.7)days in the OPD group,showing statistically significant differences between the 2 groups (x2 =12.34,6.47,t=-6.18,-6.55,-3.65,P＜0.05).Pancreatic fistula,delayed gastric emptying (Grade B),postoperative bleeding (Grade B),biliary fistula,pulmonary infection,intestinal obstruction,wound infection,reoperation and major complication were respectively detected in 2,3,1,1,3,1,0,2,3 patients of the LPD group and 2,4,1,1,4,1,2,3,4 in patients of the OPD group,showing no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =0.00,0.17,0.00,0.00,0.17,0.00,2.11,0.23,0.17,P＞0.05).Results of postoperative pathological examination showed that duodenal adenocarcinoma,ampullary carcinoma,lower bile duct carcinoma,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and pancreatic cystic tumor were respectively detected in 8,2,5,3,2 patients of the LPD group and 10,2,4,2,2 patients of the OPD group,showing no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =0.53,P＞0.05).Duration of postoperative hospital stay in the LPD and OPD groups were (19± 13) days and (15±7) days,respectively,showing no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (t =1.28,P＞ 0.05).Results of postoperative oncology showed that tumor diameter,number of lymph node dissected,number of positive lymph nodes,cases with negative margin,cases in T1N0M0,T2N0M0,T3N0M0,T3N1M0,T4N0M0,T4N1M0 of TNM staging were respectively (2.4±0.7)cm,15.4±2.3,2,20,2,7,8,2,1,0 in the LPD group and (2.8±0.9)cm,14.4±2.5,3,20,1,8,5,2,3,1 in the OPD group,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (t =-1.64,1.32,x2 =0.23,0.00,Z =-0.69,P＞ 0.05).(3) Follow-up situation:1 patient died respectively in both groups within the postoperative 30 days.Thirty-eight patients were followed up for 1-26 months,with a median time of 14 months.During follow-up,2 patients had tumor recurrence and 1 died of myocardial infarction in the LPD group;3 had tumor recurrence and 1 died of tumor recurrence in the OPD group.Conclusion LPD in 70 years of age or older patients is not only safe and feasible,but also significantly reduce volume of intraoperative blood loss and demand of analgesia,as well as quickly resume normal diet and activities.

Background: Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a precancerous lesion of gastric cancer.The diagnostic value of serum gastrin-17 (G-17) level for CAG differs substantioulsy, and Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection may play an important role.Aims: To explore the effect of Hp infection on serum G-17 level, and the diagnostic value of serum G-17 level for CAG under different Hp infection status.Methods: A total of 204 patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis and 81 patients with CAG from May 2014 to May 2015 at the three different hospitals were enrolled.Gastroscopy was performed, fasting serum G-17 level, postprandial serum G-17 level and Hp-IgG antibody were determined by ELISA.Results: Fasting serum G-17 level was significantly increased in Hp positive group than in Hp negative group (P=0.001), and postprandial serum G-17 level was significantly decreased in CAG group than in non-atrophy group (P=0.002).AUC of fasting serum G-17 level for diagnosing Hp positive and negative CAG were 0.634 (95% CI: 0.537-0.732) and 0.576 (95% CI: 0.478-0.675), respectively, the accuracy were 62.6% and 54.9%, respectively.AUC of postprandial serum G-17 level for diagnosing Hp positive and negative CAG were 0.675 (95% CI: 0.581-0.769) and 0.595 (95% CI: 0.495-0.694), respectively, the accuracy were 61.8% and 53.1%, respectively.Conclusions: Hp infection has impact on serum G-17 level, as a result, the diagnostic value of G-17 level for CAG is different for patients with and without Hp infection.Diagnostic values of fast and postprandial serum G-17 for Hp positive CAG are higher than Hp negative CAG.

BACKGROUND: Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains 1 (LRIG1) gene showed low expression in glioma cells. LRIG1 gene overexpression significantly enhanced LRIG1 mRNA and protein expression and inhibited its biological behavior. However, very few researchs are reported from the stand-point of inhibition of LRIG1 gene expression. OBJECTIVE: To construct specific RNA interference plasmids for LRIG1, establish stably transfected human glioma GL15 cell line, and observe its effect on expression of target gene LRIG1. METHODS: Designed and synthesized two shRNAs (named LRIG1-shRNA1 and LRIG1-shRNA2) specific for LRIG1 mRNA according to the GenBank, and one scrambled shRNA sequence as negative control, named pGenesil2-negative shRNA. The shRNA was inserted into pGenesil2 vector and sequenced. The recombinant vectors were transformed into E. coli. Picked up the positive clones and extracted the plasmids, which were transfected into GL15 cells by Metafectine. G418 was applied to select the stably transfected cell clones. Western Blotting was performed to examine the LRIG1 protein level.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The recombinant plasmids which contain shRNA were analyzed by restriction endonuclease digestion and DNA sequence, and it was proved that the fragment was inserted into the expected sites. Compared with the negative control group, the level of LRIG1 protein expression in pGenesil2-LRIG1-shRNA1(LRIG11) transfected cells and in pGenesil2-LRIG1-shRNA2(LRIG12) transfected cells was decreased by 47.9% (P < 0.01) and 32.8% (P > 0.05). The results confirmed that RNAi expressing vector specific for LRIG1 gene (pGenesil2-LRIG1-shRNA1) was successfully constructed, and the stable cell clones transfected with the shRNA expression vector showed inhibition of the expression of LRIG1 in glioma cell line GL15.

The effects of RNAi-mediated gene silencing of LRIG3 expression on cell cycle and survival of human glioma cell line GLI 5 and the possible mechanisms were explored.The plasmids pGenesil2-LRIG3-shRNA l and pGenesil2-LRIG3-shRNA2 were transfected into GL 15 glioma cells respectively by using Metafectine,and the transfected cells that stably suppressed LRIG3 expression were selected by G418.The control cells were transfected with negative control shRNA.The changes in LRIG3 mRNA and protein levels were measured by RT-PCR and Western blot.The apoptosis rate and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry.As compared with the negative shRNA-transfected GL15 cells,LRIG3 mRNA expression in GLI5 cells transfected with pGenesil2-LRIG3-shRNAl and pGenesil2-LRIG3-shRNA2 was silenced by 52.4%,63.8%,and LRIG3 protein expression was re-duced by 50.9% and 67.4% respectively.The LRIG3-specific siRNA transfected cells had higher proliferation rate than control cells.Cell cycle analysis showed that silencing LRIG3 increased the percentage of G2/M phase cells and the proliferation index significantly (P<0.01).Silencing LRIG3 could inhibit the apoptosis of GLl5 cells (P<0.05).These findings suggest that the siRNA targeting LRIG3 gene shows a dramatic inhibitory effect on RNA transcription and protein expression,then promoting the proliferation of GLI5 cells,arresting GLI5 cells in G2/M phase,and suppressing apoptosis ofGL15 cells.