As fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures gain popularity, the associated health threats from radiation exposure to interventionalists during these procedures are increasing. Therefore, an understanding of the potential risks of radiation and careful consideration on minimizing exposure to radiation during the procedures are of paramount importance. The Korean Pancreatobiliary Association has developed a clinical practice guideline to minimize radiation exposure during fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures. This guideline provides recommendations to deal with the risk of radiation exposure to interventionalists who perform fluoroscopy-guided procedures, and emphasizes the importance of proper and practical approaches to avoid unnecessary radiation exposure.

As fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures gain popularity, the associated health threats from radiation exposure to interventionalists during these procedures are increasing. Therefore, an understanding of the potential risks of radiation and careful consideration on minimizing exposure to radiation during the procedures are of paramount importance. The Korean Pancreatobiliary Association has developed a clinical practice guideline to minimize radiation exposure during fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures. This guideline provides recommendations to deal with the risk of radiation exposure to interventionalists who perform fluoroscopy-guided procedures, and emphasizes the importance of proper and practical approaches to avoid unnecessary radiation exposure.

Purpose: A widely distributed cell cycle inhibitor, p27, regulates cyclin-dependent kinase-cyclin complexes. Although the prognostic value of p27 has been established for various types of carcinomas, its role in luminal breast cancer remains poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the functional enrichment of p27 and identify potential drug targets in patients with luminal-type breast cancer. Methods: Clinicopathological data were collected from 868 patients with luminal-type breast cancer. Additionally, publicly available data from the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) dataset (1,500 patients) and the Gene Expression Omnibus database (855 patients) were included in the analysis. Immunohistochemical staining for p27, differential gene expression analysis, disease ontology analysis, survival prediction modeling using machine learning (ML), and in vitro drug screening were also performed. Results: Low p27 expression correlated with younger age, advanced tumor stage, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor negativity, decreased cluster of differentiation 8+ T cell count, and poorer survival outcomes in luminal-type breast cancer. The METABRIC data revealed that reduced cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B) expression (encoding p27) was associated with cell proliferation-related pathways and epigenetic polycomb repressive complex 2. Using ML, p27 emerged as the second most significant survival factor after N stage, thereby enhancing survival model performance. Additionally, luminal-type breast cancer cell lines with low CDKN1B expression demonstrated increased sensitivity to specific anticancer drugs such as voxtalisib and serdemetan, implying a potential therapeutic synergy between CDKN1B-targeted approaches and these drugs. Conclusion The integration of ML and bioinformatic analyses of p27 has the potential to enhance risk stratification and facilitate personalized treatment strategies for patients with breast cancer.

The standard treatment for choledocholithiasis is to remove the stones by performing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). With various techniques such as basket extraction, balloon catheter extraction, mechanical lithotripsy, followed by endoscopic papillary sphincterotomy or endoscopic papillary balloon dilatation, the success rate of stone extraction is known to be over 90%. However, stone extraction can fail in cases with large common bile duct stones or biliary stricture. We report a case of impacted choledocholithiasis after conventional ERCP and mechanical lithotripsy treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

As fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures gain popularity, the associated health threats from radiation exposure to interventionalists during these procedures are increasing. Therefore, an understanding of the potential risks of radiation and careful consideration on minimizing exposure to radiation during the procedures are of paramount importance. The Korean Pancreatobiliary Association has developed a clinical practice guideline to minimize radiation exposure during fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures. This guideline provides recommendations to deal with the risk of radiation exposure to interventionalists who perform fluoroscopy-guided procedures, and emphasizes the importance of proper and practical approaches to avoid unnecessary radiation exposure.

As fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures gain popularity, the associated health threats from radiation exposure to interventionalists during these procedures are increasing. Therefore, an understanding of the potential risks of radiation and careful consideration on minimizing exposure to radiation during the procedures are of paramount importance. The Korean Pancreatobiliary Association has developed a clinical practice guideline to minimize radiation exposure during fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures. This guideline provides recommendations to deal with the risk of radiation exposure to interventionalists who perform fluoroscopy-guided procedures, and emphasizes the importance of proper and practical approaches to avoid unnecessary radiation exposure.

As fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures gain popularity, the associated health threats from radiation exposure to interventionalists during these procedures are increasing. Therefore, an understanding of the potential risks of radiation and careful consideration on minimizing exposure to radiation during the procedures are of paramount importance. The Korean Pancreatobiliary Association has developed a clinical practice guideline to minimize radiation exposure during fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures. This guideline provides recommendations to deal with the risk of radiation exposure to interventionalists who perform fluoroscopy-guided procedures, and emphasizes the importance of proper and practical approaches to avoid unnecessary radiation exposure.

Purpose: A widely distributed cell cycle inhibitor, p27, regulates cyclin-dependent kinase-cyclin complexes. Although the prognostic value of p27 has been established for various types of carcinomas, its role in luminal breast cancer remains poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the functional enrichment of p27 and identify potential drug targets in patients with luminal-type breast cancer. Methods: Clinicopathological data were collected from 868 patients with luminal-type breast cancer. Additionally, publicly available data from the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) dataset (1,500 patients) and the Gene Expression Omnibus database (855 patients) were included in the analysis. Immunohistochemical staining for p27, differential gene expression analysis, disease ontology analysis, survival prediction modeling using machine learning (ML), and in vitro drug screening were also performed. Results: Low p27 expression correlated with younger age, advanced tumor stage, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor negativity, decreased cluster of differentiation 8+ T cell count, and poorer survival outcomes in luminal-type breast cancer. The METABRIC data revealed that reduced cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B) expression (encoding p27) was associated with cell proliferation-related pathways and epigenetic polycomb repressive complex 2. Using ML, p27 emerged as the second most significant survival factor after N stage, thereby enhancing survival model performance. Additionally, luminal-type breast cancer cell lines with low CDKN1B expression demonstrated increased sensitivity to specific anticancer drugs such as voxtalisib and serdemetan, implying a potential therapeutic synergy between CDKN1B-targeted approaches and these drugs. Conclusion The integration of ML and bioinformatic analyses of p27 has the potential to enhance risk stratification and facilitate personalized treatment strategies for patients with breast cancer.

Purpose: A widely distributed cell cycle inhibitor, p27, regulates cyclin-dependent kinase-cyclin complexes. Although the prognostic value of p27 has been established for various types of carcinomas, its role in luminal breast cancer remains poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the functional enrichment of p27 and identify potential drug targets in patients with luminal-type breast cancer. Methods: Clinicopathological data were collected from 868 patients with luminal-type breast cancer. Additionally, publicly available data from the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) dataset (1,500 patients) and the Gene Expression Omnibus database (855 patients) were included in the analysis. Immunohistochemical staining for p27, differential gene expression analysis, disease ontology analysis, survival prediction modeling using machine learning (ML), and in vitro drug screening were also performed. Results: Low p27 expression correlated with younger age, advanced tumor stage, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor negativity, decreased cluster of differentiation 8+ T cell count, and poorer survival outcomes in luminal-type breast cancer. The METABRIC data revealed that reduced cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B) expression (encoding p27) was associated with cell proliferation-related pathways and epigenetic polycomb repressive complex 2. Using ML, p27 emerged as the second most significant survival factor after N stage, thereby enhancing survival model performance. Additionally, luminal-type breast cancer cell lines with low CDKN1B expression demonstrated increased sensitivity to specific anticancer drugs such as voxtalisib and serdemetan, implying a potential therapeutic synergy between CDKN1B-targeted approaches and these drugs. Conclusion The integration of ML and bioinformatic analyses of p27 has the potential to enhance risk stratification and facilitate personalized treatment strategies for patients with breast cancer.

As fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures gain popularity, the associated health threats from radiation exposure to interventionalists during these procedures are increasing. Therefore, an understanding of the potential risks of radiation and careful consideration on minimizing exposure to radiation during the procedures are of paramount importance. The Korean Pancreatobiliary Association has developed a clinical practice guideline to minimize radiation exposure during fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures. This guideline provides recommendations to deal with the risk of radiation exposure to interventionalists who perform fluoroscopy-guided procedures, and emphasizes the importance of proper and practical approaches to avoid unnecessary radiation exposure.