Colorectal cancer has an insidious onset， and some patients have already developed local invasion or metastasis at the time of diagnosis， which affects treatment strategy selection and survival prognosis. The tumor microenvironment is not only the basic condition for tumor cell survival but also the core regulatory factor driving their local invasion and distant metastasis. This article reviewed the mechanisms by which traditional Chinese medicine regulates the tumor microenvironment to inhibit colorectal cancer metastasis. It was found that traditional Chinese medicine active ingredients such as astragalus polysaccharides， leonurine， kaempferol， etc.， as well as traditional Chinese medicine formulas such as Jianpi jiedu formula， can inhibit colorectal cancer metastasis by regulating key links of the tumor microenvironment， including immunosuppression， inflammatory response， intestinal microecological disorder， abnormal angiogenesis， and extracellular matrix homeostasis imbalance. However， current related research was still mainly based on cell and animal experiments， with limited clinical evidence-based data， and mechanistic studies mostly focued on single signaling pathways. Future research should integrate multi-omics technologies and systems biology methods to systematically elucidate the key targets and action networks through which traditional Chinese medicine regulates the colorectal cancer tumor microenvironment to combat metastasis.

Objective:To explore of auditory-vestibular function and inner ear imaging features of patients with Meniere's disease（MD） at different clinical stages. Methods:The clinical data of 110 patients with unilateral MD who were admitted from January 2023 to March 2024 were collected, and all patients were staged according to the results of pure tone hearing threshold test, including 13 patients with stage Ⅰ, 18 cases with stage Ⅱ, 65 cases with stage Ⅲ, and 14 cases with stage Ⅳ. All patients were tested for vestibular function, including caloric tests, vestibular evoked myogenic potentials（VEMPs）, vHIT and sensory integration tests（SOT）. The sites of endolymphatic hydrops were evaluated by intravenous endotogidolinium-based MRI, twenty-seven patients completed electrocochleography. Results:①The disease course time of patients with different stages was different, and the disease course time of stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ was shorter than that of stage Ⅲ and Ⅳpatients（P<0.05）. ②No statistical differences were found in clinical data or vestibular function between normal and abnormal ECochG groups（P>0.05）. ③The results of caloric tests showed that the UW% values of stage Ⅲ（45.5±14.79） and stage Ⅳ （51.57±22.44） were higher than those of stageⅠ（31.2±14.9） and stage Ⅱ（33.5±13.31）, there were statistically significant differences between stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ with stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ groups（P<0.05）, the total abnormal rate of cVEMP was 62.72%, there was a statistically significant difference between stageⅠand stage Ⅲ with the stage Ⅳ group（P<0.05）, the total abnormal rate of oVEMP was 71.82%, the difference between stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅳ group was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The total score of SOT comprehensive balance gradually decreased with the increase of clinical stage, and there was a significant difference between the stage Ⅰ and Ⅳ groups（H=26.08, P<0.01）, and there was a statistically significant difference in the rate of vestibular dysfunction of SOT between the two groups（χ²=6.7, P<0.05）. ④Patients with vestibular and cochlear endolymphatic hydrops, and patients with simple cochlear or vestibular had significantly differences in disease course time, clinical stages, UW% value of caloric test, abnormal rate of cVEMP and oVEMP, total SOT balance score, the rate of vestibular abnormality（P<0.01）. Among them, when the vestibular and cochlear endolymphatic hydrops are at the same time, the clinical stage of the patient is mainly stage Ⅲand Ⅳ. Conclusion:Auditory-vestibular and inner ear gadolinium-contrasted MRI examinations in clinical practice provide a supplementary reference for judging vestibular function and the type of endolymphatic hydrops.
Humans ; Meniere Disease/diagnostic imaging* ; Ear, Inner/physiopathology* ; Male ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Vestibule, Labyrinth/diagnostic imaging* ; Adult ; Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials ; Aged ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Caloric Tests ; Vestibular Function Tests

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) can potentially induce immunogenic cell death in tumor cells, leading to the release of ATP, and facilitating the initiation of an immune response. Nevertheless, the enzymes CD39 and CD73 can swiftly convert ATP into immunosuppressive adenosine (ADO), resulting in an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). This study introduced a nanomedicine (QD/POM1@NP@M) engineered to reprogram TME by modulating the CD39/CD73/ADO pathway. The nanomedicine encapsulated sonosensitizers silver sulfide quantum dots, and the CD39 inhibitor POM1, while also incorporating homologous tumor cell membranes to enhance targeting capabilities. This integrated approach, on the one hand, stimulates the release of ATP via SDT, thereby initiating the immune response. In addition, it reduced the accumulation of ADO by inhibiting CD39 activity, which ameliorated the immunosuppressive TME. Upon administration, the nanomedicine demonstrated substantial anti-tumor efficacy by facilitating the infiltration of anti-tumor immune cells, while reducing the immunosuppressive cells. This modulation effectively transformed the TME from an immunologically "cold" state to a "hot" state. Furthermore, combined with the checkpoint inhibitor α-PDL1, the nanomedicine augmented systemic anti-tumor immunity and promoted the establishment of long-term immune memory. This study provides an innovative strategy for combining non-invasive SDT and ATP-driven immunotherapy, offering new ideas for future cancer treatment.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the mechanism of Shenqi Buzhong (SQBZ) Formula for alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in light of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway. METHODS: Fifty male SD rat models of COPD, established by intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instillation, exposure to cigarette smoke, and gavage of Senna leaf infusion, were randomized into 5 groups (n=10) for treatment with saline (model group), SQBZ Formula at low, moderate and high doses (3.08, 6.16 and 12.32 g/kg, respectively), or aminophylline (0.024 g/kg) by gavage for 4 weeks, with another 10 untreated rats as the control group. Pulmonary function of the rats were tested, and pathologies and ultrastructural changes of the lung tissues were examined using HE staining and transmission electron microscopy. The levels of SOD, ATP, MDA, and mitochondrial membrane potential in the lungs were detected using WST-1, colorimetric assay, TBA, and JC-1 methods. Flow cytometry was used to analyze ROS level in the lung tissues, and the protein expression levels of P-AMPKα, AMPKα, SIRTI, and PGC-1α were detected using Western blotting. RESULTS: The rat models of COPD showed significantly decreased lung function, severe histopathological injuries of the lungs, decreased pulmonary levels of SOD activity, ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential, increased levels of MDA and ROS, and decreased pulmonary expressions of P-AMPKα, SIRTI, and PGC-1α proteins. All these changes were significantly alleviated by treatment with SQBZ Formula and aminophylline, and the efficacy was comparable between high-dose SQBZ Formula group and aminophylline group. CONCLUSIONS SQBZ Formula ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction in COPD rats possibly by activating the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway.
Animals ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Sirtuin 1/metabolism* ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Male ; Rats ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism* ; Mitochondria/metabolism* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Signal Transduction/drug effects*

Insufficient alveolar bone thickness increases the risk of periodontal dehiscence and fenestration, especially in orthodontic tooth movement. Abaloparatide (ABL), a synthetic analog of human PTHrP (1-34) and a clinical medication for treating osteoporosis, has recently demonstrated its potential in enhancing craniofacial bone formation. Herein, we show that intraoral submucosal injection of ABL, when combined with mechanical force, promotes in situ alveolar bone thickening. The newly formed bone is primarily located outside the original compact bone, implying its origin from the periosteum. RNA sequencing of the alveolar bone tissue revealed that the focal adhesion (FA) pathway potentially mediates this bioprocess. Local injection of ABL alone enhances cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, and phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in the alveolar periosteum; when ABL is combined with mechanical force, the FAK expression is upregulated, in line with the accomplishment of the ossification. In vitro, ABL enhances proliferation, migration, and FAK phosphorylation in periosteal stem cells. Furthermore, the pro-osteogenic effects of ABL on alveolar bone are entirely blocked when FAK activity is inhibited by a specific inhibitor. In summary, abaloparatide combined with mechanical force promotes alveolar bone formation via FAK-mediated periosteal osteogenesis. Thus, we have introduced a promising therapeutic approach for drug-induced in situ alveolar bone augmentation, which may prevent or repair the detrimental periodontal dehiscence, holding significant potential in dentistry.
Osteogenesis/drug effects* ; Periosteum/cytology* ; Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein/administration & dosage* ; Animals ; Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism* ; Alveolar Process/drug effects* ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Male ; Humans ; Focal Adhesion Kinase 1/metabolism* ; Cell Movement/drug effects*

Objective To explore the mechanism of Shenqi Buzhong(SQBZ)Formula for alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in light of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway.Methods Fifty male SD rat models of COPD,established by intratracheal lipopolysaccharide(LPS)instillation,exposure to cigarette smoke,and gavage of Senna leaf infusion,were randomized into 5 groups(n=10)for treatment with saline(model group),SQBZ Formula at low,moderate and high doses(3.08,6.16 and 12.32 g/kg,respectively),or aminophylline(0.024 g/kg)by gavage for 4 weeks,with another 10 untreated rats as the control group.Pulmonary function of the rats were tested,and pathologies and ultrastructural changes of the lung tissues were examined using HE staining and transmission electron microscopy.The levels of SOD,ATP,MDA,and mitochondrial membrane potential in the lungs were detected using WST-1,colorimetric assay,TBA,and JC-1 methods.Flow cytometry was used to analyze ROS level in the lung tissues,and the protein expression levels of P-AMPKα,AMPKα,SIRTI,and PGC-1α were detected using Western blotting.Results The rat models of COPD showed significantly decreased lung function,severe histopathological injuries of the lungs,decreased pulmonary levels of SOD activity,ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential,increased levels of MDA and ROS,and decreased pulmonary expressions of P-AMPKα,SIRTI,and PGC-1α proteins.All these changes were significantly alleviated by treatment with SQBZ Formula and aminophylline,and the efficacy was comparable between high-dose SQBZ Formula group and aminophylline group.Conclusion SQBZ Formula ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction in COPD rats possibly by activating the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway.

Objective:By comparing the relevant image manifestations and diagnostic results of high resolution CT (HRCT) and digital radio graphy (DR), to deeply explore the clinical application value of HRCT in the diagnosis and staging of occupational pneumoconiosis.Methods:A total of 180 pneumoconiosis patients with different stages diagnosed in Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital from January 2022 to May 2023 were selected as the research objects by systematic sampling method, and their HRCT and DR examinations were performed. The display of lung imaging features of patients with pneumoconiosis by the two examination methods was analyzed, and the chi-square test and rank sum test were used to compare the differences in diagnostic staging results and the detection of pulmonary complications.Results:Among the patients with pneumoconiosis, there were 174 males and 6 females, with an age of (53.11±12.22) years old and a working age of (14.94±11.43) years. The number of lung areas with category 0 small opacity profusion in the HRCT images of patients was less than that in the DR images, and the number of lung areas with category 1 small opacity profusion was more than that in the DR images ( P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the number of lung areas with category 2 and category 3 small opacity profusion detected by the two images ( P>0.05). The distribution of diagnostic differences between HRCT and DR images for the staging of pneumoconiosis was statistically significant ( P<0.05), and the detection rates of HRCT for pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis, pneumonia, atelectasis, lymph node tumefaction, and pleural thickening were all higher than those of DR ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:In the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis, HRCT has advantages over DR images in showing the fine structure of the lungs, determining the degree and extent of lesions. It is of great significance for discovering and differentiating complications of pneumoconiosis, and providing an important basis for clinical staging.

This consensus was developed by the Orthodontic Society of the Chinese Stomatological Association to provide a systematic, scientific, and practical guideline for informed consent in orthodontic care. Orthodontic treatment is typically lengthy, highly individualized, and involves multiple factors such as growth and development, occlusal function, and facial esthetics. Rapid technological advances and diverse risk profiles make the traditional reliance on orthodontist experience or institutional templates insufficient to ensure patients′ full understanding and autonomous decision-making. To address this, the expert panel conducted extensive reviews of domestic and international guidelines, analyzed representative dispute cases, and performed multicenter patient-clinician surveys. Using a multi-round Delphi method, the group established a standardized informed consent framework covering the initial consultation, treatment, and retention phases. The consensus emphasizes that informed consent is not only a fundamental legal and ethical requirement but also a key step in building trust, improving patient compliance, and enhancing treatment satisfaction. Orthodontists should clearly and comprehensively explain treatment plans, potential risks, uncertainties, and associated costs, while respecting the autonomy of patients or guardians, and maintain continuous communication and dynamic evaluation throughout the treatment process. The release of this consensus provides unified and authoritative guidance for clinical orthodontics, helping to standardize informed consent, enhance its transparency, safeguard patient rights, reduce medical risks, and promote high-quality, sustainable development of orthodontic practice.

OBJECTIVE To observe the fever-reducing effect of pricking-cupping method on endotoxin-induced fever in rab-bits,and to further explore the fever-reducing mechanism of pricking-cupping method from the perspective of skeletal muscle mito-chondrial energy metabolism.METHODS A total of 72 rabbits were randomly divided into blank group,model group,Western medi-cine group,pricking group,cupping group and pricking-cupping group,with 12 rabbits in each group.The rabbit model of endotoxin-in-duced fever was reproduced and the corresponding therapeutic intervention was carried out.The body temperature of rabbits was recor-ded continuously for 6 h.The mitochondrial structure was observed by transmission electron microscopy.Oxygraph-2k system was used to detect mitochondrial function.ATP content in thigh muscle tissue of rabbits in each group was detected.The expression of uncoupling protein 2(UCP2)and mitochondrial fusion protein 2(Mfn2)in thigh muscle of rabbits was detected by Wes automated western blot quantitative analysis system.RESULTS The model was successfully replicated,and the body temperature of rabbits in the four treatment groups was lower than that in the model group.The skeletal muscle mitochondrial morphology of rabbits in the blank group was intact,and the mitochondrial morphology was closest to normal after the treatment of pricking-cupping.Moreover,the oxygen con-sumption of mitochondrial CII OXPHOS stage in the pricking-cupping group was significantly higher than that in the model group.Compared with the model group,the ATP content in the muscle tissue of rabbits in the pricking-cupping group was significantly increased,Mfn2 protein expression was significantly increased,and UCP2 protein expression was significantly decreased.CONCLU-SION The pricking-cupping method has a good fever-reducing effect on endotoxin-induced fever in rabbits,and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting UCP2 protein expression in skeletal muscle,promoting Mfn2 protein expression,promoting the oxidative phos-phorylation process in skeletal muscle mitochondria,and increasing ATP synthesis in mitochondria.

The high incidence and mortality rates of gastric cancer pose a significant burden on human health and public health systems. Peritoneal metastasis is one of the main routes of metastasis in gastric cancer, and patients with this condition have poor prognosis. With advancements in medicine and sociology, the concept of integrated medicine emerged in the late 1980s. It emphasizes treating patients as holistic entities, integrating various medical fields multidimensionally, and combining medicine with other fields. This article organizes the management of gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis around the core concept of "Prevention, Screening, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Rehabilitation": Prevention relies on standardized tumor-free surgical techniques and intraoperative interventions. Screening involves early detection of peritoneal metastasis through integrated technologies. Diagnosis combines multiple methods, including laparoscopic exploration with cytological and histopathological examination, imaging studies, peritoneal fluid cytology, and artificial intelligence. Treatment encompasses comprehensive strategies such as intraperitoneal and systemic chemotherapy, cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, pressurized intraperitoneal aerosolized chemotherapy, dendritic cell vaccines combined with nivolumab, and supportive care for managing ascites, malignant bowel obstruction, and nutritional support. This integrated medical perspective offers new insights into the management of gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis.