Despite advancements in endoscopic technology and drug therapy, the high mortality and rebleeding rates associated with hemorrhagic peptic ulcers remain a concern. Although further research is needed to validate contributing factors, I recommend use of the Rockall score to predict the rebleeding risk in patients with peptic ulcers. Greater caution should be exercised, particularly in hospitalized patients, those who have undergone pancreatic surgery, and those with bleeding due to Dieulafoy’s lesions. Delaying resumption of an oral diet for at least 24 hours after endoscopic bleeding control is also advisable.

Despite advancements in endoscopic technology and drug therapy, the high mortality and rebleeding rates associated with hemorrhagic peptic ulcers remain a concern. Although further research is needed to validate contributing factors, I recommend use of the Rockall score to predict the rebleeding risk in patients with peptic ulcers. Greater caution should be exercised, particularly in hospitalized patients, those who have undergone pancreatic surgery, and those with bleeding due to Dieulafoy’s lesions. Delaying resumption of an oral diet for at least 24 hours after endoscopic bleeding control is also advisable.

Despite advancements in endoscopic technology and drug therapy, the high mortality and rebleeding rates associated with hemorrhagic peptic ulcers remain a concern. Although further research is needed to validate contributing factors, I recommend use of the Rockall score to predict the rebleeding risk in patients with peptic ulcers. Greater caution should be exercised, particularly in hospitalized patients, those who have undergone pancreatic surgery, and those with bleeding due to Dieulafoy’s lesions. Delaying resumption of an oral diet for at least 24 hours after endoscopic bleeding control is also advisable.

Despite advancements in endoscopic technology and drug therapy, the high mortality and rebleeding rates associated with hemorrhagic peptic ulcers remain a concern. Although further research is needed to validate contributing factors, I recommend use of the Rockall score to predict the rebleeding risk in patients with peptic ulcers. Greater caution should be exercised, particularly in hospitalized patients, those who have undergone pancreatic surgery, and those with bleeding due to Dieulafoy’s lesions. Delaying resumption of an oral diet for at least 24 hours after endoscopic bleeding control is also advisable.

Anaphylaxis to polyethylene glycol (PEG) is rare and mainly occurs with the use of laxatives containing PEG. Recently, an increasing number of PEG allergies have been reported, particularly those related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, such as the BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccines, contain PEG2000 as an excipient and are contraindicated when allergy to a vaccine component exist. We report a 55-year-old woman’s history as a case of successful mRNA COVID-19 vaccination and colonoscopy after oral desensitization to PEG in a patient with PEG allergy who required both COVID-19 vaccination and colon evaluation. Allergy to PEG was diagnosed based on clinical history, skin test results, and basophil histamine release testing. Oral desensitization effectively suppressed histamine release from basophils in response to PEG stimulation, suggesting that oral desensitization using PEG-based laxatives may be an effective treatment option for patients with allergy to the substance.

Objective: Peritonitis is a life-threatening, emergent surgical disease with very high mortality and morbidity. Currently, there are insufficient Korean studies using the P-POSSUM (Portsmouth-Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and morbidity) and the Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI) as risk prediction models for nontraumatic peritonitis patients who visit the emergency room. Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on 196 cases of non-traumatic peritonitis in a single emergency center from January 2015 to December 2019. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were obtained and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was compared using both P-POSSUM and MPI. The observed mortality and expected mortality for P-POSSUM were compared using the goodness of fit assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow equation. Results: Diastolic blood pressure, blood urea nitrogen, potassium, length of stay, and intensive care unit admissions were significantly different between survivors and non-survivors. The AUC was 0.812 for P-POSSUM and 0.646 for MPI. The observed-to-expected mortality ratio for P-POSSUM indicated fewer than expected deaths in all quintiles of risk and this was more pronounced, especially when the expected mortality was over 60%. Conclusion In non-traumatic peritonitis patients, P-POSSUM was more useful in predicting risk than the MPI score. However, P-POSSUM overestimated the risk in high-risk patients. Although the MPI score is only somewhat useful for predicting mortality in patients with non-traumatic peritonitis, it is useful as an adjuvant.