Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is a prevalent malignancy that afflicts the head and neck area and presents a high incidence of metastasis and invasion. Accurate diagnosis and effective treatment are essential for enhancing the quality of life and the survival rates of TSCC patients. The current treatment modalities for TSCC frequently suffer from a lack of specificity and efficacy. Nanoparticles with diagnostic and photothermal therapeutic properties may offer a new approach for the targeted therapy of TSCC. However, inadequate accumulation of photosensitizers at the tumor site diminishes the efficacy of photothermal therapy (PTT). This study modified gold nanodots (AuNDs) with the TSCC-targeting peptide HN-1 to improve the selectivity and therapeutic effects of PTT. The Au-HN-1 nanosystem effectively targeted the TSCC cells and was rapidly delivered to the tumor tissues compared to the AuNDs. The enhanced accumulation of photosensitizing agents at tumor sites achieved significant PTT effects in a mouse model of TSCC. Moreover, owing to its stable long-term fluorescence and high X-ray attenuation coefficient, the Au-HN-1 nanosystem can be used for fluorescence and computed tomography imaging of TSCC, rendering it useful for early tumor detection and accurate delineation of surgical margins. In conclusion, Au-HN-1 represents a promising nanomedicine for imaging-based diagnosis and targeted PTT of TSCC.
Tongue Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnostic imaging* ; Animals ; Gold/chemistry* ; Mice ; Photothermal Therapy/methods* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Photosensitizing Agents ; Metal Nanoparticles ; Humans ; Cell Line, Tumor

Objective:To provide references for effective intervention of hyperuricemia (HUA) by investigating the prevalence of HUA in military pilots and analyzing its relevant influencing factors.Methods:The physical examination data of 2 700 military pilots who received physical examinations from January 2021 to October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The above pilots were divided into HUA group and non-HUA group according to whether they had HUA. The differences in age, height, weight, body mass index, flying hours, blood pressure, blood uric acid, fasting blood glucose, total bilirubin, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, blood creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, as well as the prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and fatty liver were compared between 2 groups. The pilots were grouped by age (≤29 years, 30-39 years, 40-49 years,≥50 years) and by the aircraft types (fighter, bombers, transporter, helicopter). The criteria for determining HUA, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and fatty liver were based on the relevant guidelines. The influencing factors for the prevalence of HUA were analyzed through binary Logistic regression. Single factor binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the prevalence of HUA in pilots, and P<0.05 index was included in multi-factor binary Logistic regression to further analyze the influencing factors of the occurrence of HUA. Results:There were 821 cases (30.41%) in HUA group and 1 879 cases (69.59%) in non-HUA group. The weight ( t=7.75, P<0.001), body mass index ( t=8.23, P<0.001), systolic blood pressure ( t=3.20, P=0.001), diastolic blood pressure ( t=3.06, P=0.002), serum uric acid ( t=62.83, P<0.001), blood urea nitrogen ( t=3.41, P=0.001), serum creatinine ( t=8.88, P<0.001), alanine aminotransferase ( t=5.56, P<0.001), total cholesterol ( t=3.27, P=0.001), triglyceride ( Z=9.54, P<0.001), as well as the prevalence of hypertension ( χ2=7.48, P=0.006), hyperlipidemia ( χ2=42.74, P<0.001), and fatty liver ( χ2=22.51, P<0.001) in HUA group were higher than those in non-HUA group, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower than that in the non-HUA group, and the difference was significant ( t=5.91, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of HUA among pilots of different age groups and aircraft types (both P>0.05). Overweight ( OR=1.392, 95% CI: 1.159-1.672), obesity ( OR=1.891, 95% CI: 1.197-2.987), and elevated level of triglyceride ( OR=1.246, 95% CI:1.128-1.377), blood urea nitrogen ( OR=1.079, 95% CI:1.000-1.163), and serum creatinine ( OR=1.036, 95% CI:1.028-1.044) were risk factors for HUA, and elevated high density lipoprotein cholesterol ( OR=0.567, 95% CI: 0.389-0.825) was a protective factor. Conclusions:The prevalence of HUA in military pilots is higher than that in the general population. Overweight, obesity, and elevated level of triglyceride, blood urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine are closely related to the prevalence of HUA, and comprehensive intervention measures should be taken for key targets.

Objective:To provide references for effective intervention of hyperuricemia (HUA) by investigating the prevalence of HUA in military pilots and analyzing its relevant influencing factors.Methods:The physical examination data of 2 700 military pilots who received physical examinations from January 2021 to October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The above pilots were divided into HUA group and non-HUA group according to whether they had HUA. The differences in age, height, weight, body mass index, flying hours, blood pressure, blood uric acid, fasting blood glucose, total bilirubin, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, blood creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, as well as the prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and fatty liver were compared between 2 groups. The pilots were grouped by age (≤29 years, 30-39 years, 40-49 years,≥50 years) and by the aircraft types (fighter, bombers, transporter, helicopter). The criteria for determining HUA, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and fatty liver were based on the relevant guidelines. The influencing factors for the prevalence of HUA were analyzed through binary Logistic regression. Single factor binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the prevalence of HUA in pilots, and P<0.05 index was included in multi-factor binary Logistic regression to further analyze the influencing factors of the occurrence of HUA. Results:There were 821 cases (30.41%) in HUA group and 1 879 cases (69.59%) in non-HUA group. The weight ( t=7.75, P<0.001), body mass index ( t=8.23, P<0.001), systolic blood pressure ( t=3.20, P=0.001), diastolic blood pressure ( t=3.06, P=0.002), serum uric acid ( t=62.83, P<0.001), blood urea nitrogen ( t=3.41, P=0.001), serum creatinine ( t=8.88, P<0.001), alanine aminotransferase ( t=5.56, P<0.001), total cholesterol ( t=3.27, P=0.001), triglyceride ( Z=9.54, P<0.001), as well as the prevalence of hypertension ( χ2=7.48, P=0.006), hyperlipidemia ( χ2=42.74, P<0.001), and fatty liver ( χ2=22.51, P<0.001) in HUA group were higher than those in non-HUA group, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower than that in the non-HUA group, and the difference was significant ( t=5.91, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of HUA among pilots of different age groups and aircraft types (both P>0.05). Overweight ( OR=1.392, 95% CI: 1.159-1.672), obesity ( OR=1.891, 95% CI: 1.197-2.987), and elevated level of triglyceride ( OR=1.246, 95% CI:1.128-1.377), blood urea nitrogen ( OR=1.079, 95% CI:1.000-1.163), and serum creatinine ( OR=1.036, 95% CI:1.028-1.044) were risk factors for HUA, and elevated high density lipoprotein cholesterol ( OR=0.567, 95% CI: 0.389-0.825) was a protective factor. Conclusions:The prevalence of HUA in military pilots is higher than that in the general population. Overweight, obesity, and elevated level of triglyceride, blood urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine are closely related to the prevalence of HUA, and comprehensive intervention measures should be taken for key targets.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of total laparoscopic surgery vs. open surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods:The clinical data of 45 patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and 42 patients by open surgery from Mar 2017 to Mar 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:There was no significant difference in demographics, Bismuth classification and excision extension between the two groups (all P>0.05). The laparoscopic surgery used longer time ( t=-1.366, P<0.05). The intraoperative blood loss, number of lymph node dissection and postoperative hospital stay favored laparoscopic method( t=0.043, t=0.026, t=-1.852, P<0.05). R 0 radical resection rate，postoperative complications were also in favor of laparoscopic surgery ( χ2=3.216, χ2=2.566, all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in postoperative pathology and in hospital expenses (all P>0.05). The 1- and 3-year survival rate of the laparoscopic group was superior (all P<0.05). Conclusions:In spite of longer operational time，patients in laparoscopic hilar cholangiocarcinoma radical resection group have shorter postoperative in hospital stay and longer postoperative survival time.

Objective:To compare the embedding anastomosis with the intermittent eversion anastomosis on the pancreatic fistula rates after laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD).Methods:The clinical data of 116 patients who underwent LPD at the Center Hospital of Xianyang City affiliated to Xi' an Jiaotong University Health Science Center from March 2016 to March 2020 were retrospectively studied. According to the method of pancreaticojejunostomy used, these patients were divided into the following two groups: the embedding anastomosis group ( n=55) and the intermittent eversion anastomosis group ( n=61). The duration of pancreaticojejunostomy, bilioenterostomy and gastrointestinal anastomoses, and the amounts of intraoperative blood loss and postoperative complication rates were compared between the two groups. Results:Of 116 patients in this study, there were 67 males and 49 females, with a median age of 61.5 years. No perioperative death occurred in the 2 groups. The operation time, digestive tract reconstruction time and pancreaticojejunostomy time in the embedded anastomosis group were (260±20), (65±15) and (35±15) min, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the intermittent eversion anastomosis group (305±25), (81±25) and (45±12) min, (all P<0.05). The grade A and B pancreatic fistula rates in the embedded anastomosis group were 27.3%(15/55) and 21.8%(12/55), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the intermittent eversion anastomosis group [8.2%(5/61) and 6.6%(4/61)], (all P<0.05). The postoperative hospital stay in the intermittent eversion anastomosis group (10.3±1.1) d was significantly lower than that in the embedding anastomosis group [(15.2±3.2) d, P<0.05]. Conclusion:In LPD, when compared with embedded pancreaticojejunostomy, intermittent eversion pancreaticojejunostomy reduced the postoperative pancreatic fistula rate and shortened the postoperative hospital stay.

Objective:To explore the performance of the attention-multiple instance learning (MIL) framework, an attention fusion network-based MIL, in the automated diagnosis of chronic gastritis with multiple indicators.Methods:A total of 1 015 biopsy cases of gastritis diagnosed in Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China and 115 biopsy cases of gastritis diagnosed in Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai, China were collected from January 1st to December 31st in 2018. All pathological sections were digitally converted into whole slide imaging (WSI). The WSI label was based on the corresponding pathological report, including "activity" "atrophy" and "intestinal metaplasia". The WSI were divided into a training set, a single test set, a mixed test set and an independent test set. The accuracy of automated diagnosis for the Attention-MIL model was validated in three test sets.Results:The area under receive-operator curve (AUC) values of Attention-MIL model in single test sets of 240 WSI were: activity 0.98, atrophy 0.89, and intestinal metaplasia 0.98; the average accuracy of the three indicators was 94.2%. The AUC values in mixed test sets of 117 WSI were: activity 0.95, atrophy 0.86, and intestinal metaplasia 0.94; the average accuracy of the three indicators was 88.3%. The AUC values in independent test sets of 115 WSI were: activity 0.93, atrophy 0.84, and intestinal metaplasia 0.90; the average accuracy of the three indicators was 85.5%.Conclusions:To assist in pathological diagnosis of chronic gastritis, the diagnostic accuracy of Attention-MIL model is very close to that of pathologists. Thus, it is suitable for practical application of artificial intelligence technology.

In recent years, with the rapid development of rigid ureteroscopy and flexible ureteroscope lithotripsy in the field of urology, great changes have been made in the treatment of urinary calculi. Although flexible ureteroscope lithotripsy is easy to be damaged and expensive to maintain, it has high technical requirements for doctors, but it does not need to establish other traumatic channels, but uses the natural cavity of human urinary system, It has been paid more and more attention by urologists and has a good development prospect. Stone free rate is an objective index to judge the efficiency of flexible ureteroscope lithotripsy. The stone free rate and treatment after flexible ureteroscope lithotripsy have always been a difficult problem. Many scholars at home and abroad have studied the influencing factors of stone free rate after flexible ureteroscope lithotripsy, studies have shown that large stone load, hard stone composition, narrow angle of renal pelvis and calyceal and severe hydronephrosis are the main risk factors leading to the reduction of postoperative one-time stone free rate. In this paper, the research results in this field at home and abroad will be summarized.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV), including HSV-1 and HSV-2, is an important pathogen that can cause many diseases. Usually these diseases are recurrent and incurable. After lytic infection on the surface of peripheral mucosa, HSV can enter sensory neurons and establish latent infection during which viral replication ceases. Moreover, latent virus can re-enter the replication cycle by reactivation and return to peripheral tissues to start recurrent infection. This ability to escape host immune surveillance during latent infection and to spread during reactivation is a viral survival strategy and the fundamental reason why no drug can completely eradicate the virus at present. Although there are many studies on latency and reactivation of HSV, and much progress has been made, many specific mechanisms of the process remain obscure or even controversial due to the complexity of this process and the limitations of research models. This paper reviews the major results of research on HSV latency and reactivation, and discusses future research directions in this field.
Herpes Simplex ; virology ; Herpesvirus 1, Human ; physiology ; Humans ; Virus Activation ; physiology ; Virus Latency ; physiology ; Virus Replication

Objective To investigate the effect of CaMK Ⅱ expression on apoptosis of rat hepatocytes BRL-3A.Methods Rat BRL-3A cells were stable passage were cultured.The CaMK Ⅱ γ protein (LV-CaMK Ⅱ γ group) and CaMK Ⅱ γshRNA (shRNA group) lentiviral expression systems were constructed.The corresponding blank vectors (LV-NC group and shRNA-NC group) and normal saline (CON group) were perfused into the control groups.The expression levels of CaMK Ⅱ,Cyt C and MF proteins were detected by Western blotting,and the apoptosis rate of BRL-3A cells was measured by Tunel method.Results The protein expression of CaMK Ⅱ,Cyt C and AIF in LV-CaMK Ⅱ γ group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P＜0.05).The protein expression of CaMK Ⅱ,Cyt C and AIF in shRNA group was significantly lower than that in CON group (P＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference among CON group,LV-NC group and shRNA-NC group (P＞0.05).At the same time point,the apoptosis rate of hepatocytes in LV-CaMK Ⅱ γ group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P＜0.05).At the same time point,the apoptosis rate of hepatocytes in shRNA group was significantly higher than in CON group (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the apoptosis of hepatocytes among CON group,LV-NC group and shRNA-NC group (P＞0.05).Conclusion The specific CaMK Ⅱ signaling pathway can inhibit the apoptosis of BRL-3A cells,while the enhanced CaMK Ⅱ signaling pathway promotes the apoptosis of BRL-3A cells.