[Objective] To establish a new scoring system to predict the perioperative outcomes (operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and trifecta achievement) in patients undergoing robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) by integrating the RENAL and Mayo adhesive probability (MAP) scores. [Methods] Clinical data of 178 patients with renal cell carcinoma who underwent RAPN performed by the same surgeon in our hospital during Jan.2015 and Jan.2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The RENAL and MAP scores of all patients were calculated.Linear regression and logistic regression were used to evaluate the associations between the components of the RENAL and MAP scores (a total of 6 variables) and perioperative outcomes.The factors with significant associations were then included into logistic regression analysis to identify independent predictors for constructing an assessment system for perioperative outcomes, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to calculate the area under the curve (AUC) to predict its efficacy. [Results] Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that tumor size (β=6.14, 95%CI: 1.93—10.34, P=0.004), exophytic rate (β=10.60, 95%CI: 3.44—17.76, P=0.004), and perinephric fat thickness (β=16.48, 95%CI: 8.52—24.45, P<0.001) were significantly associated with operation time.Tumor size (β=10.55 95%CI: 5.60—15.49, P<0.001) was associated with both intraoperative blood loss and trifecta achievement (OR=1.73, 95%CI: 1.26—2.36, P=0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis of these 3 factors identified tumor size (OR=9.07, 95% CI: 1.18—69.45, P=0.03) and perinephric fat thickness (OR=2.28, 95%CI: 1.86—6.04, P=0.01) as independent predictors of perioperative outcomes.Based on these findings, the tumor size and perinephric fat thickness (RP) scoring was constructed, which demonstrated better predictive ability than RENAL score or MAP score alone (RP vs.RENAL vs.MAP: 0.766 vs.0.548 vs.0.684). [Conclusion] The RP score includes fewer variables than the RENAL and MAP scores but outperforms them.

OBJECTIVE To establish a liquid chromatography massspectrometry(LC-MS/MS)method for quantitatively determining the concentration of cepharanthine in rat plasma and tissue samples after intravenous injection of cepharanthine hydrochloride.METHODS ①The LC-MS/MS method was adopted.A Phenomenex C18(3.0 mm×50 mm,2.6 μm)column was employed with a mobile phase consisting of 0.05%formic acid-2 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate-water solution and 0.1%formic acid-acetonitrile solution under gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.6 mL·min-1.The determination was performed using positive ion multiple reaction monitoring mode assays:cepharanthine(m/z:607.3→365.1)and buspirone(IS)(m/z:386.4→122.2).② Blood samples were collected from 6 SD rats at different time points following a single iv administration of cepharanthine to determine the concentration of the drug.The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a non-compartmental model.③72 SD rats were subjected to tissue distribution experiments after a single and multiple iv administra-tion of cepharanthine,and tissue samples were collected at six different time points(n=6)for the quanti-fication of drug concentrations.④ The whole blood plasma distribution ratio(Rb/p)of cepharanthine hydrochloride(7.5 mg·kg-1)in 3 SD rats was determined 2 h after iv administration.⑤The protein binding of cepharanthine to rat plasma and lung tissue homogenates was determined by equilibrium dialysis before the concentration of the free drug within the lungs was calculated.RESULTS ① An LC-MS/MS method for quantitatively determining cepharanthine in rat plasma and tissue homogenates was devel-oped,which demonstrated an excellent linear relationship(r2>0.999)within the concentration range of 2 to 1000 μg·L-1,with a lower limit of quantification at 2 μg·L-1.The obtained results met all the require-ments for accurate quantitative detection.②The main pharmacokinetic parameters of cepharanthine in rats following a single iv administration were as follows:C0=(686.91±238.43)μg·L-1,t1/2=(29.70±6.29)h,Vz=(62.70±7.93)L·kg-1,Vss=(62.55±11.28)L·kg-1,CL=(1.50±0.23)L·h-1·kg-1 and AUC(0-t)=(4.52±0.61)h·mg·L-1.③ Concentrations in tissues exceeded those in plasma after both a single and multiple iv administration,with the highest levels in the lung.The values of AUC(0-t)in lungs were(2 547.35±156.56)and(4 481.35±479.21)h·mg·L-1 after a single and multiple iv administration,respectively.④ The content of cepharanthine in blood cells was higher than that in plasma,and Rb/p was 3.5±0.8.⑤ After correction by the protein-binding rate,the minimum concentration of free drugs in the lungs(95.04 μg·L-1)exceeded the reported antiviral activity threshold against coronaviruses(EC50=60.67 μg·L-1).CONCLUSION An LC-MS/MS method has been established to rapidly and sensitively determine the concentration of cepharanthine in rat plasma and tissues.Following intravenous administration of ceph-aranthine hydrochloride,the pulmonary exposure level of the drug is significantly higher in plasma and other tissues,providing data for evaluating its in vivo pharmacological activities.

OBJECTIVE To establish a liquid chromatography massspectrometry(LC-MS/MS)method for quantitatively determining the concentration of cepharanthine in rat plasma and tissue samples after intravenous injection of cepharanthine hydrochloride.METHODS ①The LC-MS/MS method was adopted.A Phenomenex C18(3.0 mm×50 mm,2.6 μm)column was employed with a mobile phase consisting of 0.05%formic acid-2 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate-water solution and 0.1%formic acid-acetonitrile solution under gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.6 mL·min-1.The determination was performed using positive ion multiple reaction monitoring mode assays:cepharanthine(m/z:607.3→365.1)and buspirone(IS)(m/z:386.4→122.2).② Blood samples were collected from 6 SD rats at different time points following a single iv administration of cepharanthine to determine the concentration of the drug.The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a non-compartmental model.③72 SD rats were subjected to tissue distribution experiments after a single and multiple iv administra-tion of cepharanthine,and tissue samples were collected at six different time points(n=6)for the quanti-fication of drug concentrations.④ The whole blood plasma distribution ratio(Rb/p)of cepharanthine hydrochloride(7.5 mg·kg-1)in 3 SD rats was determined 2 h after iv administration.⑤The protein binding of cepharanthine to rat plasma and lung tissue homogenates was determined by equilibrium dialysis before the concentration of the free drug within the lungs was calculated.RESULTS ① An LC-MS/MS method for quantitatively determining cepharanthine in rat plasma and tissue homogenates was devel-oped,which demonstrated an excellent linear relationship(r2>0.999)within the concentration range of 2 to 1000 μg·L-1,with a lower limit of quantification at 2 μg·L-1.The obtained results met all the require-ments for accurate quantitative detection.②The main pharmacokinetic parameters of cepharanthine in rats following a single iv administration were as follows:C0=(686.91±238.43)μg·L-1,t1/2=(29.70±6.29)h,Vz=(62.70±7.93)L·kg-1,Vss=(62.55±11.28)L·kg-1,CL=(1.50±0.23)L·h-1·kg-1 and AUC(0-t)=(4.52±0.61)h·mg·L-1.③ Concentrations in tissues exceeded those in plasma after both a single and multiple iv administration,with the highest levels in the lung.The values of AUC(0-t)in lungs were(2 547.35±156.56)and(4 481.35±479.21)h·mg·L-1 after a single and multiple iv administration,respectively.④ The content of cepharanthine in blood cells was higher than that in plasma,and Rb/p was 3.5±0.8.⑤ After correction by the protein-binding rate,the minimum concentration of free drugs in the lungs(95.04 μg·L-1)exceeded the reported antiviral activity threshold against coronaviruses(EC50=60.67 μg·L-1).CONCLUSION An LC-MS/MS method has been established to rapidly and sensitively determine the concentration of cepharanthine in rat plasma and tissues.Following intravenous administration of ceph-aranthine hydrochloride,the pulmonary exposure level of the drug is significantly higher in plasma and other tissues,providing data for evaluating its in vivo pharmacological activities.

Objective To study the effect of liquid extracts from leaves of Canarium pimela Leenh on myo-cardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Methods The langendorff isolated perfused heart system was applied in this study. Ligating of the left descending anterior for 35 min,followed with 100 min or 50 min reperfusing to set up the cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury model (I/R). After perfusing the effective pharmacological extracts of leaves of Canarium pimela Leenh(CPL)to the isolated heart,we monitored the cardiac parameters of left ventricu-lar systolic pressure(LVSP),left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP)and left ventricular maximal rise/fall of left ventricular pressure(±dp/dtmax)in the following assays with or without 10 min CPL pretreatment. 1. the cardiac parameters,2. the cardiac parameters in 35 min ischemia,followed with 10 min or 50 min reperfusion,3. the incidence of ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia after 10 min reperfusion,4. the activity of creatine kinase(CK)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)in the coronary effluent after 10 min reperfusion,5. pathological analysis in the I/R,CPL and VER group after reperfusion. Results CPL pretreatment improved functions of normal left heart. Furthermore,it significantly reduced LVEDP and +dp/dtmax,the incidence of ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia,as well as the activities of CK and LDH in coronary effluent induced by ischemia-reperfusion compared with the I/R model. Moreover,CPL pretreatment markedly alleivated the pathological changes of ischemia-reperfusion. Conclusions The liquid extracts of leaves of Canarium pimela Leenh can effectively relieve the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Objective To explore the applied value of the super-short exposure time of the DR adjustable control in radiography of infant chest.Methods 100 chest radiographic films of infant in adjustable control group and fixed control group respectively were selected randomly.The quality of all films was evaluated by 4 technicians in charge in 4 grades(A,B,C and waste)and the detective rate of the tiny parts of the images was also evaluated.Results DR adjustable control:the rate of grade A,B,C and waste was 70%,20%,10% and 0% respectively.DR fixed control:the rate of grade A,B,C and waste was 42%,41%,15% and 2% respectively.The detective rate of tiny parts was 100% and 90% in DR adjustable control group and DR fixed control group respectively.Conclusion DR adjustable control chest film in infant is better than DR fixed control in image quality.DR adjustable control system is good for radiographic diagnosis.