Objective To understand mosquito density, species composition, and seasonal variations around the Beijing Capital International Airport(BCIA)and provide scientific evidence for mosquito-borne disease prevention and control. Methods Meteorological data were collected from 2016 to 2022, and mosquito density was monitored at seven surveillance sites around the BCIA from May to October each year using CO2-baited mosquito traps to analyze the relationship between mosquito density and meteorological factors. Results In total,68 518 female mosquitoes were captured, with a mosquito density of 10.20 per light · hour. The dominant species was Culex pipiens pallens(73.90%), followed by Aedes albopictus(9.71%)and Ae. vexans(9.29%);the mosquito density was highest in 2016(14.8 per light·hour)and lowest in 2022(4.46 per light·hour). Significant statistical differences were observed in mosquito density among different species(F=18.118, P<0.05). The density of Cx. pipiens pallens and other mosquito species showed a mutually exclusive trend; the peak of mosquito density varied based on years and habitats, with significant statistical differences in mosquito density among different habitats(F=8.504, P<0.05). The highest mosquito density was observed near the Wenyu River(21.50 per light·hour), whereas the lowest was recorded at the BCIA construction site(2.44 per light· hour). The monthly average temperature(r=0.595), monthly average highest temperature(r=0.575), and monthly average lowest temperature(r=0.624)showed moderate positive correlations, whereas the monthly average air pressure(r=-0.484)showed a moderate negative correlation. The monthly average minimum temperature was included in the regression model(F=25.575, P<0.000), and the equation Y=1.029X4-8.181 was used. The monthly average air pressure 2 months prior(b=-2.418, β=-1.619, P<0.05)and the monthly average relative humidity(b=-0.739, β=-1.201, P<0.05)significantly negatively predicted the mosquito density. Notably, the regression equation used was y=2526.170+(-2.418)X9+(-0.739)X13. The exposure-response analysis revealed that the density of mosquitoes was not linearly related to the average monthly air pressure, rainfall, and duration of sunshine. Conclusions The dominant mosquito species around the BCIA was Cx. pipiens pallens, Ae. albopictus, and Ae. vexans. During the control of Cx. pipiens pallens, the impact on other mosquito species must also be considered. Environmental management, breeding sites, and scientific use of pesticides should be prioritized based on the activity periods of mosquitoes. Further studies on mosquitoes and meteorological factors should be conducted to provide references and novel avenues for mosquito control.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), the most prevalent chronic liver condition globally, lacks adequate and effective therapeutic remedies in clinical practice. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted the close connection between the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and the progression of MASLD. This relationship is crucial for understanding the disease's underlying mechanism. As a sophisticated process, the UPS govern protein stability and function, maintaining protein homeostasis, thus influencing a multitude of elements and biological events of eukaryotic cells. It comprises four enzyme families, namely, ubiquitin-activating enzymes (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2), ubiquitin-protein ligases (E3), and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). This review aims to delve into the array of pathways and therapeutic targets implicated in the ubiquitination within the pathogenesis of MASLD. Therefore, this review unveils the role of ubiquitination in MASLD while spotlighting potential therapeutic targets within the context of this disease.

Acute lateral ankle sprain (ALAS) is one of the most common sport injuries, with high incidence, recurrence and disability rates. Currently, exercise rehabilitation-based non-surgical treatment is the primary management approach for ALAS. However, there remain improper practices such as excessive immobilization or uncontrolled activity, which contribute to recurrent sprains and chronic ankle instability, significantly impairing patients′ athletic function and quality of life. To standardize the non-surgical management of ALAS, improve the cure rates, and reduce the recurrence and disability rates, Chinese Sports Rehabilitation Medicine Training Project of Chinese Medical Association, Foot and Ankle Basics and Orthopedics Group, Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and Sports Medicine Branch of Jiangsu Medical Association organized relevant experts to formulate Expert consensus on non-surgical treatment for acute lateral ankle sprain ( version 2025), following the principles of scientific vigor, practicality, and innovation. Thirteen recommendations were proposed for standardized treatment protocols across different healing phases, aiming to provide references for standard management of ALAS and improve the therapeutic outcomes.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) exerts integrative effects on complex diseases owing to the characteristics of multiple components with multiple targets. However, the syndrome-based system of diagnosis and treatment in TCM can easily lead to bias because of varying medication preferences among physicians, which has been a major challenge in the global acceptance and application of TCM. Therefore, a standardized TCM prescription system needs to be explored to promote its clinical application. In this study, we first developed a gradient weighted disease-target-herbal ingredient-herb network to aid TCM formulation. We tested its efficacy against intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). First, the top 100 ICH targets in the GeneCards database were screened according to their relevance scores. Then, SymMap and Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) databases were applied to find out the target-related ingredients and ingredient-containing herbs, respectively. The relevance of the resulting ingredients and herbs to ICH was determined by adding the relevance scores of the corresponding targets. The top five ICH therapeutic herbs were combined to form a tailored TCM prescriptions. The absorbed components in the serum were detected. In a mouse model of ICH, the new prescription exerted multifaceted effects, including improved neurological function, as well as attenuated neuronal damage, cell apoptosis, vascular leakage, and neuroinflammation. These effects matched well with the core pathological changes in ICH. The multi-targets-directed gradient-weighting strategy presents a promising avenue for tailoring precise, multipronged, unbiased, and standardized TCM prescriptions for complex diseases. This study provides a paradigm for advanced achievements-driven modern innovation in TCM concepts.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and mortality based on the 10-year population-based multicenter prospective study. METHODS: A general population-based multicenter prospective study was conducted at four sites in rural China between 2013 and 2023. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to assess the association between BMI and mortality. Stratified analyses were performed based on the individual characteristics of the participants. RESULTS: Overall, 19,107 participants with a sum of 163,095 person-years were included and 1,910 participants died. The underweight (< 18.5 kg/m ²) presented an increase in all-cause mortality (adjusted hazards ratio [ aHR] = 2.00, 95% confidence interval [ CI]: 1.66-2.41), while overweight (≥ 24.0 to < 28.0 kg/m ²) and obesity (≥ 28.0 kg/m ²) presented a decrease with an aHR of 0.61 (95% CI: 0.52-0.73) and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.37-0.70), respectively. Overweight ( aHR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.67-0.86) and mild obesity ( aHR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.59-0.87) had a positive impact on mortality in people older than 60 years. All-cause mortality decreased rapidly until reaching a BMI of 25.7 kg/m ² ( aHR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.98) and increased slightly above that value, indicating a U-shaped association. The beneficial impact of being overweight on mortality was robust in most subgroups and sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION This study provides additional evidence that overweight and mild obesity may be inversely related to the risk of death in individuals older than 60 years. Therefore, it is essential to consider age differences when formulating health and weight management strategies.
Humans ; Body Mass Index ; China/epidemiology* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Rural Population/statistics & numerical data* ; Aged ; Follow-Up Studies ; Adult ; Mortality ; Cause of Death ; Obesity/mortality* ; Overweight/mortality*

Abstract In recent years, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents has risen rapidly, posing a serious threat to their physical and mental health. To provide scientific, systematic, and standardized weight management guidance for overweight and obese children and adolescents, the study focuses on the core concept of healthy lifestyle intervention, integrates multidisciplinary expert opinions and research findings,and proposes a comprehensive multidisciplinary intervention framework covering scientific exercise intervention, precise nutrition and diet, optimized sleep management, and standardized psychological support. It calls for the establishment of a multi agent collaborative management mechanism led by the government, implemented by families, fostered by schools, initiated by individuals, optimized by communities, reinforced by healthcare, and coordinated by multiple stakeholders. Emphasizing a child and adolescent centered approach, the consensus advocates for comprehensive, multi level, and personalized guidance strategies to promote the internalization and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle. It serves as a reference and provides recommendations for the effective prevention and control of overweight and obesity, and enhancing the health level of children and adolescents.

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)exerts integrative effects on complex diseases owing to the char-acteristics of multiple components with multiple targets.However,the syndrome-based system of diagnosis and treatment in TCM can easily lead to bias because of varying medication preferences among physicians,which has been a major challenge in the global acceptance and application of TCM.Therefore,a standardized TCM prescription system needs to be explored to promote its clinical application.In this study,we first developed a gradient weighted disease-target-herbal ingredient-herb network to aid TCM formulation.We tested its efficacy against intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH).First,the top 100 ICH targets in the GeneCards database were screened according to their relevance scores.Then,SymMap and Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology(TCMSP)databases were applied to find out the target-related ingredients and ingredient-containing herbs,respectively.The relevance of the resulting ingredients and herbs to ICH was determined by adding the relevance scores of the corresponding targets.The top five ICH therapeutic herbs were combined to form a tailored TCM prescriptions.The absorbed components in the serum were detected.In a mouse model of ICH,the new prescription exerted multifaceted effects,including improved neurological function,as well as attenuated neuronal damage,cell apoptosis,vascular leakage,and neuroinflammation.These effects matched well with the core pathological changes in ICH.The multi-targets-directed gradient-weighting strategy presents a promising avenue for tailoring precise,multipronged,unbiased,and standardized TCM prescriptions for complex diseases.This study provides a paradigm for advanced achievements-driven modern innovation in TCM concepts.

The 2024 National Education Work Conference pointed out that at the current juncture of the critical period for achieving the goals and tasks of the 14th Five-Year Plan,the implementation of the Education Powerhouse Construction Plan Outline should be taken as the main line of work,and building first-class disciplines is an crucial task for a higher education powerhouse.In 2022,forensic medicine was officially listed as a first-level discipline under the medical category,presenting an un-precedented historical opportunity for the development of forensic medicine.The forensic medicine dis-cipline of Southern Medical University comprehensively improves the quality of talent cultivation and facilitates the construction of first-class disciplines as its main direction.It aims to initiate and imple-ment a high-level faculty team building plan featuring"combining recruitment and cultivation,inter-disciplinary integration";make vigorous efforts to establish a first-level doctoral program,refine advan-tageous second-level disciplines and research directions;and establish an innovative research platform from a high starting point with deep integration.The discipline adheres to moral cultivation and the Five Domains of Education simultaneous development,to build a high-quality talent joint training model.Guided by the construction of the national legal system and industry needs,the discipline will enhance social service capabilities.The forensic medicine construction in our university will continue to contribute to the rule of law in China and educational power.

Objective·To compare the safety and short-term outcomes of robot-assisted versus laparoscopic-assisted proximal gastrectomy combined with double-flap esophagogastrostomy in the treatment of early upper gastric cancer.Methods·A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical and pathological data of 31 early gastric cancer patients who underwent proximal gastrectomy combined with double-flap esophagogastrostomy for gastrointestinal reconstruction at the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,from September 2023 to March 2024.Based on the surgical approach,patients were divided into the robot-assisted surgery group(robotic group,20 cases)and the laparoscope-assisted surgery group(laparoscopic group,11 cases).General clinical data,intraoperative conditions,and postoperative recovery between the two groups were compared.At the 6-month postoperative follow-up,upper gastrointestinal radiography and esophagogastroscopy were performed to assess anastomotic stricture and gastroesophageal reflux disease.Additionally,the gastric cancer-specific module of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC),Quality of Life Questionnaire-Stomach 22(QLQ-STO22),was used to evaluate the patients' quality of life.Results·The general data of the two groups,including gender,age,preoperative comorbidities,American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)classification,Siewert classification,and pathological staging of tumors,showed no statistically significant differences(all P>0.05).All patients successfully underwent the procedure without conversion to open surgery.The time for gastroesophageal anastomosis was significantly shorter in the robotic group compared to the laparoscopic group[(31.09±8.23)min vs(43.73±8.83)min,P<0.001],while there were no statistically significant differences in other intraoperative and postoperative parameters,including operative time,intraoperative blood loss,number of lymph nodes removed,duration of gastric tube placement,time to start a liquid diet,length of postoperative hospital stay,and incidence of postoperative complications(all P>0.05).At the 6-month postoperative follow-up,30 patients completed the follow-up,with one patient lost to follow-up in the robotic group.Upper gastrointestinal radiography and esophagogastroscopy results showed that only one patient in the laparoscopic group developed an anastomotic stricture,while one patient in the robotic group developed grade A and one developed grade B gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD).In addition,one patient in the laparoscopic group also developed grade B GERD.The incidences of GERD and anastomotic stricture showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups(both P>0.05).EORTC QLQ-STO22 results indicated that the robotic group had significantly lower scores in the dimensions of dysphagia,gastroesophageal reflux,and dietary restrictions,as well as in the total score,compared to the laparoscopic group(all P<0.05).Conclusion·Robot-assisted proximal gastrectomy combined with double-flap esophagogastrostomy is safe and feasible.It shortens anastomosis time and offers potential advantages in postoperative functional recovery and quality of life improvement.

Objective:To explore the morphological characteristics of the corpus callosum (CC) in patients with unilateral medial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) with hippocampal sclerosis (HS), and their correlation with hippocampal volume and clinical indicators.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. Clinical (age of onset, disease duration, seizure frequency, seizure duration, etc.) and imaging data of 44 patients mTLE with unilateral HS confirmed by postoperative pathology and 42 healthy controls (HCs) recruited at West China Hospital of Sichuan University from June 2017 to May 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. Among the 44 patients, 19 had left-sided HS and 25 had right-sided HS. All subjects underwent high-resolution 3D T 1WI. Hippocampal volumes were obtained using FreeSurfer. ART was used to measure the morphological parameters of the CC for each participant, including total CC area, volume, perimeter, length, thickness, circularity, and the area of seven CC subregions defined by Witelson: rostrum, genu, body, anterior midbody, posterior midbody, isthmus and splenium. Differences in these metrics between two or three groups were compared using independent samples t-test or one-way ANOVA. Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis was used to observe the correlation between morphological features of the CC and hippocampal volume and other clinical indicators in patients with mTLE with unilateral HS. Results:Compared with HCs, patients with mTLE with unilateral HS had significantly reduced total CC area, CC circularity, as well as the area and thickness of the genu, anterior midbody, posterior midbody, isthmus, splenium, and the area of the rostrum ( P<0.05). Significant differences were observed in the total area, circularity, and subregional areas (genu, rostrum, anterior midbody, posterior midbody, splenium), as well as thickness (genu, anterior midbody, posterior midbody, isthmus) of the CC among mTLE with left-sided HS, mTLE with right-sided HS, and HCs ( P<0.05). When compared to HCs, the total area of the CC, circularity and the areas of the genu, rostrum, anterior midbody, posterior midbody, and splenium, and the thicknesses of the genu, anterior midbody, posterior midbody, and isthmus of the CC were significantly reduced in patients with mTLE with right-sided HS ( P<0.05), and the thicknesses of the midbody and isthmus of the CC were significantly reduced in patients with mTLE with left-sided HS compared to HCs ( P<0.05), and the two-by-two comparison of the rest of the indicators did not show statistically significant differences ( P>0.05). Correlation analysis showed that some morphological abnormalities in the CC in mTLE with unilateral HS patients were significantly correlated with age of onset, disease duration, seizure frequency, seizure duration, and hippocampal volume. Conclusions:mTLE with unilateral HS patients can exhibit morphological abnormalities in the CC, particularly in those with right-sided lesions. These abnormalities are significantly associated with seizure-related factors and hippocampal atrophy.