Multiple cranial neuropathies (MCN) can be caused by various etiologies, such as autoimmune diseases, neurovascular diseases, tumors, or infections. Among the various etiologies of MCN, malignant lymphoma is a major cause. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK-ALCL) is an extremely rare subtype of T-cell lymphoma that exhibits aggressive behavior, particularly when affecting the central nervous system (CNS). The rarity of ALK-ALCL often leads to a relative delay in diagnosis compared to other types of lymphoma. We experienced a patient with MCN, for whom malignant lymphoma was suspected and diagnosed with ALK-ALCL, which simultaneously involved multiple cranial nerves, bilateral submandibular glands (SMGs), and the stomach within a relatively short time. Herein, we report our diagnostic experience of ALK-ALCL, along with a literature review.

Background and Objectives: Inconsistencies in nasal nitric oxide (nNO) values, due to anatomical variations and comorbidities, challenge the accurate assessment of upper airway inflammation severity. We hypothesized that changes in nNO levels following treatment for chronic rhinitis would be consistent and provide relative value. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between changes in nNO levels and symptomatic improvements following treatment for chronic rhinitis. Methods: This prospective observational study included 46 participants diagnosed with chronic rhinitis between December 2021 and November 2023. nNO measurements, evaluations of four nasal and two ocular symptoms, and quality of life questionnaires were conducted at baseline and after one month of treatment. Baseline laboratory tests included serum total immunoglobulin E levels, blood eosinophil percentages, and skin prick tests. Results: The Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS), TNSS with ocular symptoms (TNSS eye), and Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) scores significantly decreased following treatment (all p<0.001). nNO levels also decreased significantly after treatment (p=0.036). Moreover, changes in nNO were significantly correlated with changes in TNSS, TNSS eye, and RQLQ scores (p=0.047, r=0.294; p=0.021, r=0.340; and p=0.004, r=0.419, respectively). Conclusion In patients with chronic rhinitis, changes in TNSS, TNSS eye, and RQLQ scores were correlated with changes in nNO levels after treatment. nNO may serve as a potential objective evaluation tool for chronic rhinitis, particularly in patients who have difficulty reporting symptoms.

Background and Objectives: Inconsistencies in nasal nitric oxide (nNO) values, due to anatomical variations and comorbidities, challenge the accurate assessment of upper airway inflammation severity. We hypothesized that changes in nNO levels following treatment for chronic rhinitis would be consistent and provide relative value. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between changes in nNO levels and symptomatic improvements following treatment for chronic rhinitis. Methods: This prospective observational study included 46 participants diagnosed with chronic rhinitis between December 2021 and November 2023. nNO measurements, evaluations of four nasal and two ocular symptoms, and quality of life questionnaires were conducted at baseline and after one month of treatment. Baseline laboratory tests included serum total immunoglobulin E levels, blood eosinophil percentages, and skin prick tests. Results: The Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS), TNSS with ocular symptoms (TNSS eye), and Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) scores significantly decreased following treatment (all p<0.001). nNO levels also decreased significantly after treatment (p=0.036). Moreover, changes in nNO were significantly correlated with changes in TNSS, TNSS eye, and RQLQ scores (p=0.047, r=0.294; p=0.021, r=0.340; and p=0.004, r=0.419, respectively). Conclusion In patients with chronic rhinitis, changes in TNSS, TNSS eye, and RQLQ scores were correlated with changes in nNO levels after treatment. nNO may serve as a potential objective evaluation tool for chronic rhinitis, particularly in patients who have difficulty reporting symptoms.

The need to implement vegetarian meal plans in school meals to promote sustainable eating among adolescents is increasing. This study examined students’ perceptions of a vegetarian day, and its association with dietary quality. This study surveyed 372 adolescents (230 males, 142 females) in Daejeon, Korea, assessing their perceptions of a vegetarian day and their nutrition quotient for adolescents (NQ-A). The perception of a vegetarian day was 3.21 out of 5, showing no significant gender difference. Among all participants, the item “I think a vegetarian day will help students’ health” received the highest score (3.67). The item “I think a vegetarian day is about respecting the diversity of students” scored significantly higher among females than males, whereas the item “It is better to include meat substitutes as well as mixed grains, beans, vegetables and fruits on a vegetarian day” scored lower among females than males. Correlation analysis showed that the perceptions of a vegetarian day were significantly positively associated with the total NQ-A score and the moderation domain score in all participants. Based on these findings, efforts should be made to enhance the positive perceptions of a vegetarian day among adolescents while exploring various approaches to its effective implementation.

Multiple cranial neuropathies (MCN) can be caused by various etiologies, such as autoimmune diseases, neurovascular diseases, tumors, or infections. Among the various etiologies of MCN, malignant lymphoma is a major cause. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK-ALCL) is an extremely rare subtype of T-cell lymphoma that exhibits aggressive behavior, particularly when affecting the central nervous system (CNS). The rarity of ALK-ALCL often leads to a relative delay in diagnosis compared to other types of lymphoma. We experienced a patient with MCN, for whom malignant lymphoma was suspected and diagnosed with ALK-ALCL, which simultaneously involved multiple cranial nerves, bilateral submandibular glands (SMGs), and the stomach within a relatively short time. Herein, we report our diagnostic experience of ALK-ALCL, along with a literature review.

Background and Objectives: Inconsistencies in nasal nitric oxide (nNO) values, due to anatomical variations and comorbidities, challenge the accurate assessment of upper airway inflammation severity. We hypothesized that changes in nNO levels following treatment for chronic rhinitis would be consistent and provide relative value. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between changes in nNO levels and symptomatic improvements following treatment for chronic rhinitis. Methods: This prospective observational study included 46 participants diagnosed with chronic rhinitis between December 2021 and November 2023. nNO measurements, evaluations of four nasal and two ocular symptoms, and quality of life questionnaires were conducted at baseline and after one month of treatment. Baseline laboratory tests included serum total immunoglobulin E levels, blood eosinophil percentages, and skin prick tests. Results: The Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS), TNSS with ocular symptoms (TNSS eye), and Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) scores significantly decreased following treatment (all p<0.001). nNO levels also decreased significantly after treatment (p=0.036). Moreover, changes in nNO were significantly correlated with changes in TNSS, TNSS eye, and RQLQ scores (p=0.047, r=0.294; p=0.021, r=0.340; and p=0.004, r=0.419, respectively). Conclusion In patients with chronic rhinitis, changes in TNSS, TNSS eye, and RQLQ scores were correlated with changes in nNO levels after treatment. nNO may serve as a potential objective evaluation tool for chronic rhinitis, particularly in patients who have difficulty reporting symptoms.

The need to implement vegetarian meal plans in school meals to promote sustainable eating among adolescents is increasing. This study examined students’ perceptions of a vegetarian day, and its association with dietary quality. This study surveyed 372 adolescents (230 males, 142 females) in Daejeon, Korea, assessing their perceptions of a vegetarian day and their nutrition quotient for adolescents (NQ-A). The perception of a vegetarian day was 3.21 out of 5, showing no significant gender difference. Among all participants, the item “I think a vegetarian day will help students’ health” received the highest score (3.67). The item “I think a vegetarian day is about respecting the diversity of students” scored significantly higher among females than males, whereas the item “It is better to include meat substitutes as well as mixed grains, beans, vegetables and fruits on a vegetarian day” scored lower among females than males. Correlation analysis showed that the perceptions of a vegetarian day were significantly positively associated with the total NQ-A score and the moderation domain score in all participants. Based on these findings, efforts should be made to enhance the positive perceptions of a vegetarian day among adolescents while exploring various approaches to its effective implementation.

Multiple cranial neuropathies (MCN) can be caused by various etiologies, such as autoimmune diseases, neurovascular diseases, tumors, or infections. Among the various etiologies of MCN, malignant lymphoma is a major cause. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK-ALCL) is an extremely rare subtype of T-cell lymphoma that exhibits aggressive behavior, particularly when affecting the central nervous system (CNS). The rarity of ALK-ALCL often leads to a relative delay in diagnosis compared to other types of lymphoma. We experienced a patient with MCN, for whom malignant lymphoma was suspected and diagnosed with ALK-ALCL, which simultaneously involved multiple cranial nerves, bilateral submandibular glands (SMGs), and the stomach within a relatively short time. Herein, we report our diagnostic experience of ALK-ALCL, along with a literature review.

Multiple cranial neuropathies (MCN) can be caused by various etiologies, such as autoimmune diseases, neurovascular diseases, tumors, or infections. Among the various etiologies of MCN, malignant lymphoma is a major cause. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK-ALCL) is an extremely rare subtype of T-cell lymphoma that exhibits aggressive behavior, particularly when affecting the central nervous system (CNS). The rarity of ALK-ALCL often leads to a relative delay in diagnosis compared to other types of lymphoma. We experienced a patient with MCN, for whom malignant lymphoma was suspected and diagnosed with ALK-ALCL, which simultaneously involved multiple cranial nerves, bilateral submandibular glands (SMGs), and the stomach within a relatively short time. Herein, we report our diagnostic experience of ALK-ALCL, along with a literature review.

Multiple cranial neuropathies (MCN) can be caused by various etiologies, such as autoimmune diseases, neurovascular diseases, tumors, or infections. Among the various etiologies of MCN, malignant lymphoma is a major cause. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK-ALCL) is an extremely rare subtype of T-cell lymphoma that exhibits aggressive behavior, particularly when affecting the central nervous system (CNS). The rarity of ALK-ALCL often leads to a relative delay in diagnosis compared to other types of lymphoma. We experienced a patient with MCN, for whom malignant lymphoma was suspected and diagnosed with ALK-ALCL, which simultaneously involved multiple cranial nerves, bilateral submandibular glands (SMGs), and the stomach within a relatively short time. Herein, we report our diagnostic experience of ALK-ALCL, along with a literature review.