Eag1(ether-à-go-go-1,also known as Kv10.1,KC-NH1)is a member of the KCNH gene family of voltage-gated potassiumion(K+)channels,which is mainly expressed in the central nervous system as well as in a variety of malignancies and plays an important role in tumor development.The study of the distribution and mechanism of action of Eag1 is of great impor-tance to reveal its physiological function and its association with pathological mechanisms.This paper reviews the current re-search progress on the physiological and pathological properties of Eag1,the relationship between Eag1 and tumor development and the anti-tumor application of Eag1 modulators.

Epidemiological data and clinical characteristics of patients with tick-borne diseases were analyzed to improve diagnosis and treatment outcomes.The data of 32 patients(epidemiology and clinical characteristics)treated for tick-borne diseases at Beijing Ditan Hospital from January 2013 to June 2023 were retrospectively reviewed.Of the 32 patients,17 were diagnosed with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS),5 with Lyme disease,and 10 with rick-ettsial disease.Disease was concentrated from May to Octo-ber each year.There were 14 local cases in Beijing(43.8％),with Pinggu District accounting for the highest proportion(4 cases,28.6％),16 imported cases from other provinces(50.0％),and 2 cases(6.3％)from people living abroad.The median time from disease onset to hospitalization was 8 days and the median length of hospitalization was 10 days.The mean age of patients with tick-borne diseases was 50.16±14.61(range,21-80)years.By occupation,farmers were at the greatest risk of tick-borne diseases(14 cases,43.8％).Erythema migrans(EM)was a typical skin lesion characteristic of Lyme disease,and fever was seen in all three groups,but mainly in patients with SFTS and rickettsial disease,who mainly presented with moderate fever.Decreased WBC and NEUT counts were most commonly seen in SFTS,whereas no WBC ab-normality was seen in patients with Lyme disease.Decreased EOS counts were seen in both SFTS and rickettsial disease,whereas no abnormality was seen in Lyme disease.Decreased PLT counts were typical of SFTS.Patients with rickettsial disease and SFTS showed significant liver damage with markedly elevated ALT and AST levels.Significant myocardial damage with ele-vated CK and CK-MB levels was seen in SFTS.Elevated CRP was mainly seen in rickettsial disease.Elevated PCT counts were mostly seen in rickettsial infections,followed by SFTS.The incidence of tick-borne diseases in Beijing continues to increase an-nually.Since diagnosis is often delayed,vigilant surveillance is key to improve diagnosis.Therefore,detailed epidemiological in-formation of each tick-borne disease based on clinical characteristics is needed to ensure early diagnosis and treatment.

This study was aimed at investigating the pathogenic and molecular characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae(KP)in fecal samples of diarrhea cases in a district of Beijing.Fecal samples from diarrhea cases in an outpatient department in a district of Beijing from 2018 to 2021 were collected,and used for isolation and culture of KP.The KP strains isolated strains were subjected to drug resistance phenotype testing and whole-genome sequencing.Multilocus sequence typing and whole-genome phyletic evolution analysis were performed on the sequencing results.The cases'epidemiological and clinical characteristics were analyzed.From 2018 to 2021,1 103 fecal samples were collected and detected.The total detection rate of KP was 10.43％(115/1 103),and the infection rate of KP mixed with other diarrhea-causing pathogens was 42.61％(49/115).The positivity rate was slightly high(12.47％,61/489)a-mong females and was highest in young adults 16-45 years of age.Small peaks were observed in January,April to May,and August to September.The gastrointestinal symptoms in cases were mainly nausea and watery stool,and the suspicious food was unknown.Ampicillin,tetracycline,and sulfafurazole were the top three antibiotics to which these 115 KP strains showed resistance,and 29 strains were resistant to multiple antibiotics.The strains were divided into 72 sequence types,among which ST23 was dominant.According to the phylogenetic tree,the strains were divided into four main branches,among which 14 ST23 strains had a very close genetic relationship with the highly virulent NTUH-K2044 reference strain.KP infection persisted in fecal samples from diarrhea cases in the district of Beijing.Women and young adults were particularly susceptible.The drug resistance of KP strains in this region was very serious,and the ST types were diverse.Moreover,the ST23 pathogenic strains were closely related to high virulence strains.

Objective:To introduce a surgical method involving the indwelling of double-J tubes(DJT)in the seminal vesicles after transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy(TSV)in order to reduce the recurrence of refractory ejaculatory duct obstruction(EDO).Methods:This randomized controlled trial included 67 EDO patients undergoing TSV in our hospitals,27 with(the trial group)and 29 without postoperative indwelling of DJTs in the seminal vesicles(the control group).We collected the general information on the pa-tients and TSV-related parameters,including age,body mass index(BMI),preoperative use of antibiotics,history of urinary tract dis-ease,operation time,hospital stay and intra-and postoperative complications,and performed comparative analyses particularly on the surgical effect,complications,recurrence rate and time to recurrence in the two groups of patients.Results:The patients in the trial and control groups were followed up for(40.5±10.6)and(32.5±14.8)months,respectively.There were no statistically signifi-cant differences in the baseline data,intra-and postoperative complications,and postoperative hospital days between the two groups(P＞0.05).Compared with the controls,the patients in the trial group showed a significantly shorter operation time([62.8±6.1]vs[49.5±7.7]min,P＜0.05)and a lower recurrence rate than the controls(18.5％vs 44.8％,P＜0.05),but with no statisti-cally significant difference in the median time to recurrence(21.0 mo vs 22.0 mo,P＞0.05).Conclusion:The novel technique of indwelling double-J tubes in the seminal vesicles after TSV can significantly reduce the recurrence rate of refractory EDO.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of pneumococcal meningitis(PM),and drug sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae(SP)isolates in Chinese children.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical information,laboratory data,and microbiological data of 160 hospitalized children under 15 years old with PM from January 2019 to December 2020 in 33 tertiary hospitals across the country.Results Among the 160 children with PM,there were 103 males and 57 females.The age ranged from 15 days to 15 years,with 109 cases(68.1% )aged 3 months to under 3 years.SP strains were isolated from 95 cases(59.4% )in cerebrospinal fluid cultures and from 57 cases(35.6% )in blood cultures.The positive rates of SP detection by cerebrospinal fluid metagenomic next-generation sequencing and cerebrospinal fluid SP antigen testing were 40% (35/87)and 27% (21/78),respectively.Fifty-five cases(34.4% )had one or more risk factors for purulent meningitis,113 cases(70.6% )had one or more extra-cranial infectious foci,and 18 cases(11.3% )had underlying diseases.The most common clinical symptoms were fever(147 cases,91.9% ),followed by lethargy(98 cases,61.3% )and vomiting(61 cases,38.1% ).Sixty-nine cases(43.1% )experienced intracranial complications during hospitalization,with subdural effusion and/or empyema being the most common complication[43 cases(26.9% )],followed by hydrocephalus in 24 cases(15.0% ),brain abscess in 23 cases(14.4% ),and cerebral hemorrhage in 8 cases(5.0% ).Subdural effusion and/or empyema and hydrocephalus mainly occurred in children under 1 year old,with rates of 91% (39/43)and 83% (20/24),respectively.SP strains exhibited complete sensitivity to vancomycin(100% ,75/75),linezolid(100% ,56/56),and meropenem(100% ,6/6).High sensitivity rates were also observed for levofloxacin(81% ,22/27),moxifloxacin(82% ,14/17),rifampicin(96% ,25/26),and chloramphenicol(91% ,21/23).However,low sensitivity rates were found for penicillin(16% ,11/68)and clindamycin(6% ,1/17),and SP strains were completely resistant to erythromycin(100% ,31/31).The rates of discharge with cure and improvement were 22.5% (36/160)and 66.2% (106/160),respectively,while 18 cases(11.3% )had adverse outcomes.Conclusions Pediatric PM is more common in children aged 3 months to under 3 years.Intracranial complications are more frequently observed in children under 1 year old.Fever is the most common clinical manifestation of PM,and subdural effusion/emphysema and hydrocephalus are the most frequent complications.Non-culture detection methods for cerebrospinal fluid can improve pathogen detection rates.Adverse outcomes can be noted in more than 10% of PM cases.SP strains are high sensitivity to vancomycin,linezolid,meropenem,levofloxacin,moxifloxacin,rifampicin,and chloramphenicol.[Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics,2024,26(2):131-138]

Objective To study the characteristics and clinical value of intestinal metabolites in children aged 4-6 years with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods A total of 31 children aged 4-6 years with OSAHS were prospectively enrolled as the test group,and 24 healthy children aged 4-6 years were included as the control group.Relevant clinical indicators were recorded.Fecal samples were collected,and non-targeted metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to detect all metabolites.Results A total of 206 metabolites were detected,mainly amino acids and their derivatives.There was a significant difference in the overall composition of intestinal metabolites between the test and control groups(P<0.05).Eighteen different metabolites were selected,among which six(N-acetylmethionine,L-methionine,L-lysine,DL-phenylalanine,L-tyrosine,and L-isoleucine)had receiver operating characteristic curve areas greater than 0.7 for diagnosing OSAHS.Among them,N-acetylmethionine had the largest area under the curve,which was 0.807,with a sensitivity of 70.83%and a specificity of 80.65%.Correlation analysis between different metabolites and clinical indicators showed that there were positive correlations between the degree of tonsil enlargement and enterolactone,between uric acid and phenylacetaldehyde,between blood glucose and acetylmethionine,and between cholesterol and 9-bromodiphenyl and procaine(P<0.05).There were negative correlations between the degree of tonsil enlargement and N-methyltyramine,aspartate aminotransferase and indolepropionic acid and L-isoleucine,between alanine aminotransferase and DL-phenylalanine,between indolepropionic acid and L-isoleucine,between uric acid and hydroxyquinoline,and between urea nitrogen and N,N-dicyclohexylurea(P<0.05).The metabolic functional pathways affected by differential metabolites mainly included riboflavin metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism,pantothenic acid and coenzyme A biosynthesis,cysteine and methionine metabolism,lysine degradation and glutathione metabolism.Conclusions Intestinal metabolites and metabolic functions are altered in children aged 4-6 years with OSAHS,primarily involving amino acid metabolism disorders.The screened differential intestinal metabolites have potential screening and diagnostic value as biomarkers for OSAHS.

Objective To explore the molecular epidemiological characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP),and reveal its mechanism of resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam(CZA).Methods CZA-re-sistant CRKP strains initially isolated from the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2021 to September 2023 were collected.The carriage of 5 carbapenemase genes(blaKPC,blaNDM,blaOXA,blaVIM,blaIMp)were detected with gene amplification method and colloidal gold method.The relative copy number and expression level of Klebsiella pneumoniae(KP)carbapenemase-producing KP(KPC-KP)was detected with real-time quantita-tive polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),mutation sites of KPC mutation strains were analyzed with whole-ge-nome sequencing,and epidemic characteristics of CRKP and resistance mechanism to CZA were analyzed.Results A total of 73 CZA-resistant CRKP strains were isolated,with 37(50.68％)being KPC and NDM co-producing strains,33(45.21％)NDM-producing alone(23 strains producing NDM-5 and 10 strains producing NDM-1),and 3 KPC-producing alone.KP-2842 strain was identified as ST11-type KPC-33 variant,KP-2127 and KP-2189 strains produced KPC-2.Compared with KP ATCC BAA-1705,the copy number of blaKPC in these strains up-regulated by 1.04-3.86 fold,and the expression increased by 6.66-12.93 fold,respectively.Colloidal gold and PCR methods demonstrated good consistency and the ability to detect the enzyme co-producing and KPC-33 variant.Conclusion In this hospital,the resistance of CRKP to CZA is primarily mediated by the metalloenzyme NDM,with co-produc-tion of NDM and KPC being a characteristic of CRKP.High copy number and expression level of blaKPC-2 also con-tribute to CZA resistance.This study identified the KPC-33 variant for the first time in ST11-type CRKP in Jiangsu Province.

Traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome (TSOFS) is a symptom complex caused by nerve entrapment in the supraorbital fissure after skull base trauma. If the compressed cranial nerve in the supraorbital fissure is not decompressed surgically, ptosis, diplopia and eye movement disorder may exist for a long time and seriously affect the patients′ quality of life. Since its overall incidence is not high, it is not familiarized with the majority of neurosurgeons and some TSOFS may be complicated with skull base vascular injury. If the supraorbital fissure surgery is performed without treatment of vascular injury, it may cause massive hemorrhage, and disability and even life-threatening in severe cases. At present, there is no consensus or guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS that can be referred to both domestically and internationally. To improve the understanding of TSOFS among clinical physicians and establish standardized diagnosis and treatment plans, the Skull Base Trauma Group of the Neurorepair Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Neurosurgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Traumatology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome ( version 2024) based on evidence of evidence-based medicine and clinical experience of diagnosis and treatment. This consensus puts forward 12 recommendations on the diagnosis, classification, treatment, efficacy evaluation and follow-up of TSOFS, aiming to provide references for neurosurgeons from hospitals of all levels to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS.

Objective To compare the clinical effect of aripiprazole and risperidone in patients with schizophrenia and metabolic syndrome.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the case data of schizophrenia and metabolic syndrome.According to different treatment methods,they were divided into risperidone group(oral risperidone,2 mg once,twice a day)and aripiprazole group(oral aripiprazole,5 mg once,once a day).All were treated for 24 weeks and given lifestyle intervention.The clinical effect,scores of positive and negative symptom scale(PANSS),metabolic syndrome-related indexes[systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),body mass index(BMI),fasting blood glucose(FPG),triglyceride(TG)],cognitive function[MATRICS consensus cognitive battery(MCCB)],levels of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),tyrosine kinase receptor B(TrkB)and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)were compared between the two groups.The adverse drug reactions were statistically analyzed in two groups.Results There were 60 cases in risperidone group and 60 cases in aripiprazole group.The total response rates of aripiprazole group and risperidone group were 91.67％and 76.67％,with significant difference(P＜0.05).After treatment,scores of positive symptoms in PANSS in aripiprazole group and risperidone group were(10.04±1.55)and(11.52±1.62)points;negative symptom scores were(12.74±2.38)and(14.38±2.25)points;general psychopathology scores were(16.53±4.39)and(19.76±4.10)points;total scores of PANSS were(39.31±6.25)and(45.66±6.71)points;total scores of MCCB were(43.61±8.50)and(40.55±8.16)points;BMI were(24.05±2.52)and(25.73±2.86)kg·m-2;SBP were(123.61±7.64)and(128.75±8.59)mmHg;FPG were(5.69±0.60)and(6.38±0.62)mmol·L-1;TG levels were(1.76±0.20)and(2.01±0.22)mmol·L-1;levels of serum BDNF were(32.41±5.81)and(28.65±4.87)pg·mL-1;TrkB levels were(43.88±5.92)and(41.73±5.63)ng·mL-1;GDNF levels were(587.47±36.12)and(468.23±35.68)pg·mL-1,the differences between the two groups were all statistically significant(all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse drug reactions between aripiprazole group and risperidone group(15.00％vs.6.67％,P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with risperidone,clinical effect of aripiprazole is better in patients with schizophrenia and metabolic syndrome,which has fewer effects on body weight,blood pressure and glycolipid metabolism,and it may improve cognitive function by increasing levels of serum BDNF,TrkB and GDNF.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of quercetin on Gastro entero pancreatic NEN(GEP-NEN).Methods Human pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor BON-1 cells were randomly divided into control group,quercetin group(80 μmol·L-1 quercetin),quercetin+si-NC group(transfected with si-NC+80 μmol·L-1 quercetin),quercetin+si-growth arrest-specific+ranscript 5(GAS5)group(transfected with si-GAS5+80 μmol·L-1 quercetin).Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the targeted binding of GASS5 to miR-18b-5p;real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR(qRT-PCR)was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2)and Bel-2 associated X protein(Bax);positive expression of GAS5 and miR-18b-5p in cells was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)assay.Results Dual luciferase reporter gene results showed that GAS5 was targeted to miR-18b-5p.The GAS5 expression levels of control group,quercetin group,quercetin+si-NC group and quercetin+si-GAS5 group were 1.00±0.13,1.72±0.19,1.78±0.14 and 1.16±0.11,respectively;the expression levels of miR-18b-5p were 1.00±0.15,0.67±0.08,0.72±0.06 and 0.95±0.11 respectively;Bax mRNA expression levels were 1.00±0.12,2.17±0.25,2.32±0.28 and 1.37±0.15,respectively;Bcl-2 mRNA expression levels were 1.00±0.15,0.41±0.05,0.37±0.06 and 1.21±0.13,respectively.The above indexes were significantly different between quercetin group and control group(all P＜0.05);the above indexes were significantly different between quercetin+si-NC group and quercetin+si-GAS5 group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Quercetin may slow down the development of GEP-NEN by targeting GAS5/miR-18b-5p molecular axis to inhibit cell growth.