ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of sex on phenotypic stability in mouse models of chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) induced by cyclophosphamide (CYP) or paclitaxel (PTX), and to explore potential mechanisms underlying phenotypic heterogeneity in female mice. MethodsTwenty-eight wild-type specific pathogen-free (SPF) C57BL/6J mice (half male and half female) aged 6-8 weeks were selected for synchronous back hair removal. On the 9th day after hair removal (T0), the mice were randomly divided into a wild-type female CYP group, a wild-type male CYP group, a female negative control group and a male negative control group. Mice in the CYP groups were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of 120 mg/kg CYP, and mice in the negative control groups were intraperitoneally injected with the same volume of normal saline. Subsequently, the phenotypic changes of the CIA model induced by CYP were continuously observed and photographed. Eleven 6-week-old SPF female C57BL/6J mice underwent bilateral ovariectomy (OVX group). Following successful surgery, these mice and five XY (Sry⁻) mice bred from Four Core Genotypes breeding stock were used to establish the chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) model using the same protocol. Serum was collected from mice in the OVX group, wild-type female CYP group, and wild-type male CYP group on T7 after CYP administration for steroid hormone analysis by mass spectrometry to evaluate the effects of gonadal estrogen and sex chromosome background changes on the stability of the CYP-induced female alopecic phenotype. Finally, twenty SPF C57BL/6J mice aged 6-8 weeks (half male and half female) were randomly divided into a PTX low-dose group and a PTX high-dose group. On the 9th day after simultaneous hair removal, PTX was injected intraperitoneally at a single dose of 80 mg/kg or 120 mg/kg, respectively. Mice from the PTX low-dose group and the PTX high-dose group were continuously observed and photographed to compare the intra-group consistency of the phenotypes of female and male mice. Six SPF C57BL/6J mice (half male and half female) aged 6-8 weeks were used to repeat the construction method of the PTX low-dose group, and the hair follicle histological examination was performed at T0, T4, T7, T14 and T21, respectively, to observe the damage caused by PTX to hair follicle regeneration. ResultsThe phenotypes of CYP-induced male CIA mice are stable and reproducible. There are obvious individual differences in the alopecia phenotype in the CYP-induced female CIA model mice, which may be mainly caused by the differences in the relevant estrogens in the estrous cycle. The difference between OVX+CYP group and XY (Sry⁻) +CYP group disappeared, suggesting that ovarian-derived hormones and XY (Sry⁻) sex chromosome background may be involved in the formation of phenotypic heterogeneity of CYP-induced alopecia in female mice. The mice in the high-dose PTX group and the low-dose PTX group showed a relatively consistent alopecia and regrowth process, and there was no significant sex difference. ConclusionCYP-induced CIA is strongly influenced by sex, and ovariectomy or alteration of the sex chromosome background can improve the consistency of CYP-induced alopecic phenotypes in female mice. PTX-induced CIA shows good phenotypic consistency in both female and male mice, indicating broad applicability across sexes. Taken together, the choice of animal sex in CIA model construction, mechanistic studies, and evaluation of anti-alopecia interventions should take into account the type of chemotherapeutic agent, the study objective, and the required degree of phenotypic stability. Sex should therefore be considered an important variable in model standardization and interpretation of experimental findings.

Objective To observe the effectiveness and safety of the"Stomach Three Needles"in preventing acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV)in patients with breast cancer.Methods Seventy patients with breast cancer who received highly emetogenic chemotherapy(HEC)and were admitted to the Third People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to May 2025 were selected as research subjects.They were divided into treatment group(35 cases)and control group(35 cases)according to the random number table method.The treatment group received"Stomach Three Needles"combined with triple-drug prophylactic antiemetic therapy,while the patients in control group were given triple-drug prophylactic antiemetic therapy alone.The severity of nausea and vomiting symptoms during the acute phase,functional living index-emesis(FLIE),and adverse reactions between two groups of patients were compared.Results The severity grades of acute-phase nausea and vomiting symptoms in treatment group were all lower than those in control group(P＜0.05).The complete response rate and total effective rate of acute-phase nausea and vomiting in treatment group were significantly higher than those in control group(P＜0.05).The FLIE score of the patients in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of adverse reactions such as headache,fatigue,constipation,and abdominal distension between two groups of patients(P＞0.05).Conclusion The"Stomach Three Needles"combined with triple-drug prophylactic antiemetic therapy can effectively reduce the incidence and severity of acute CINV in breast cancer patients,improve their quality of life,and has good safety.It is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To observe the effectiveness and safety of the"Stomach Three Needles"in preventing acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV)in patients with breast cancer.Methods Seventy patients with breast cancer who received highly emetogenic chemotherapy(HEC)and were admitted to the Third People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to May 2025 were selected as research subjects.They were divided into treatment group(35 cases)and control group(35 cases)according to the random number table method.The treatment group received"Stomach Three Needles"combined with triple-drug prophylactic antiemetic therapy,while the patients in control group were given triple-drug prophylactic antiemetic therapy alone.The severity of nausea and vomiting symptoms during the acute phase,functional living index-emesis(FLIE),and adverse reactions between two groups of patients were compared.Results The severity grades of acute-phase nausea and vomiting symptoms in treatment group were all lower than those in control group(P＜0.05).The complete response rate and total effective rate of acute-phase nausea and vomiting in treatment group were significantly higher than those in control group(P＜0.05).The FLIE score of the patients in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of adverse reactions such as headache,fatigue,constipation,and abdominal distension between two groups of patients(P＞0.05).Conclusion The"Stomach Three Needles"combined with triple-drug prophylactic antiemetic therapy can effectively reduce the incidence and severity of acute CINV in breast cancer patients,improve their quality of life,and has good safety.It is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To analyze the abnormality of radiation damage sensitive indices in radiation workers after operation of a third-generation nuclear power plant in Guangdong Province, China, and to provide a basis for promoting the occupational health management of radiation workers. Methods A two-way cohort study (2019—2021) was conducted to compare the radiation sensitive indices of occupational health examination in the exposed group (453 subjects) and the control group (160 subjects). Results In 2021, the free triiodothyronine (FT3) level of the exposed group was significantly higher than that of the control group [(5.57 ± 0.56) pmol/L vs (5.42 ± 0.60) pmol/L, t = 0.59, P < 0.05]. From 2019 to 2021, the exposed group showed significant changes in the average levels of platelet, hemoglobin, FT3, free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (P < 0.05); FT3 and FT4 first increased and then decreased, while TSH decreased continuously. Conclusion Long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation from nuclear power plants can affect the platelet, hemoglobin, FT3, FT4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone of radiation workers, and the effect is relatively prominent on thyroid function by causing a tendency to hypothyroidism.