Dental stem cells (DSCs), a distinct subset of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), are isolated from dental tissues, such as dental pulp, exfoliated deciduous teeth, periodontal ligament, and apical papilla. They have emerged as a promising source of stem cell therapy for tissue regeneration and autoimmune disorders. The main types of DSCs include dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), and stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP). Each type exhibits distinct advantages: easy access via minimally invasive procedures, multi-lineage differentiation potential, and excellent ethical acceptability. DSCs have demonstrated outstanding clinical efficacy in oral and maxillofacial regeneration, and their long-term safety has been verified. In oral tissue regeneration, DSCs are highly effective in oral tissue regeneration for critical applications such as the restoration of dental pulp vitality and periodontal tissue repair. A defining advantage of DSCs lies in their ability to integrate with host tissues and promote physiological regeneration, which render them a better option for oral tissue regenerative therapies. Beyond oral applications, DSCs also exhibit promising potential in the treatment of systemic diseases, including type Ⅱ diabetes and autoimmune diseases due to their immunomodulatory effects. Moreover, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from DSCs act as critical mediators for DSCs' paracrine functions. Possessing regulatory properties similar to their parental cells, EVs are extensively utilized in research targeting tissue repair, immunomodulation, and regenerative therapy-offering a "cell-free" strategy to mitigate the limitations associated with cell-based therapies. Despite these advancements, standardizing large-scale manufacturing, maintaining strict quality control, and clarifying the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction of DSCs and their EVs with recipient tissues remain major obstacles to the clinical translation of these treatments into broad clinical use. Addressing these barriers will be critical to enhancing their clinical applicability and therapeutic efficacy. In conclusion, DSCs and their EVs represent a transformative approach in regenerative medicine, and increasing clinical evidence supports their application in oral and systemic diseases. Continuous innovation remains essential to unlocking the widespread clinical potential of DSCs.
Humans ; Dental Pulp/cytology* ; Translational Research, Biomedical ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology* ; Periodontal Ligament/cytology* ; Stem Cells/cytology* ; Regeneration ; Tooth, Deciduous/cytology* ; Cell Differentiation ; Tissue Engineering/methods* ; Regenerative Medicine

Prefabricated flap is so named as the skin flaps is prepared by prefabricating a circulation-rich skin flap by implanting a named blood vessel or a portion of fascia which is incorporated with rich blood supply. After the flap has been proven as a flap supplied by ample blood supply, it is transplanted to a wound as a local or free transplantation. The core of prefabricated flap is vascularization. Beside the different methods of prefabrication, vascularization can be facilitated by use of growth factors and cytokines, skin and soft tissue expansion technique, and biomaterial. Prefabricated flap is currently widely used in clinic. With the advances in the research of prefabrication technology and advances in its clinical application, prefabricated flap transplantation is becoming a promising strategy in wound healing.
Biomedical Research ; trends ; Humans ; Skin ; Skin Transplantation ; trends ; Surgical Flaps ; Tissue Engineering ; methods

This paper is based on the research and analysis of the existing related measuring methods, and aimed at the characteristics of equivalent artificial soft materials, and it also proposes a new adaptable test method to measure elastic modules. The modules are based on capacitive gate transducer and micrometer which suits for soft materials. Based on this proposed method, a micro feed mechanism has been designed. The same strain of soft materials under compress test was realized, and the feasibility of this method by analyzing the test results was testified.
Biocompatible Materials ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Biomedical Engineering ; methods ; Computer Simulation ; Elastic Modulus ; Hardness ; Materials Testing ; methods

The principle of ambulatory cardiac output (CO) measuring technique is introduced in this paper. Experimental studies about the applicability of the two-compartment coaxial cylindrical model for ambulatory measurement of cardiac output with spot-electrodes have been carried out with using our newly-developed multi-channel impedance mapping system. The key factors using a spot-electrode array instead of a conventional band-electrode array for non-invasive CO) measurement are elaborated. The variations of the electric impedance pulsatile component (deltaZ waveform) and the two kinds of typical modes of deltaZ distributions measured by six electrodes on the midsternal (midian) line from the medial portion at the level of clavicle to the portion above the xiphisternum are discussed. The applicability of the two-compartment coaxial cylindrical model for ambulatory measurement of CO with spot-electrodes is analyzed. Synthesizing the deltaZ distributions and their typical changing models on the midsternal (midian) line during blood inflowing into aorta is the optimal positions of a pair of spot-electrodes for voltage pick-up at the level of clavicle for the upper electrode and the position at the level of nipple for the lower electrode when spot-electrode is being used to measure non-invasive CO.
Biomedical Engineering ; Cardiac Output ; physiology ; Cardiography, Impedance ; instrumentation ; methods ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; methods ; Electrodes ; Equipment Design ; Heart ; physiology ; Humans ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Thorax

Flexible print circuit (FPC) technology has been widely applied in variety of electric circuits with high precision due to its advantages, such as low-cost, high specific fabrication ability, and good flexibility, etc. Recently, this technology has also been used in biomedical engineering, especially in the development of microfluidic chip and microelectrode array. The high specific fabrication can help making microelectrode and other micro-structure equipment. And good flexibility allows the micro devices based on FPC technique to be easily packaged with other parts. In addition, it also reduces the damage of microelectrodes to the tissue. In this paper, the application of FPC technology in biomedical engineering is introduced. Moreover, the important parameters of FPC technique and the development trend of prosperous applications is also discussed.
Biomedical Engineering ; instrumentation ; methods ; Electricity ; Equipment Design ; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices ; trends ; Microelectrodes ; Microfluidic Analytical Techniques ; instrumentation ; Microfluidics ; instrumentation

OBJECTIVETo explore the computer aided design (CAD) method of veneer restoration, and to assess if the solution can help prosthesis meet morphology esthetics standard.

METHODSA volunteer's upper right central incisor needed to be restored with veneer. Super hard stone models of patient's dentition (before and after tooth preparation) were scanned with the three-dimensional laser scanner. The veneer margin was designed as butt-to-butt type. The veneer was constructed using reverse engineering (RE) software.

RESULTSThe technique guideline of veneers CAD was explore based on RE software, and the veneers was smooth, continuous and symmetrical, which met esthetics construction needs.

CONCLUSIONSIt was a feasible method to reconstruct veneer restoration based on RE technology.

As a novel BioChip technique, LiquiChip technique uses fluorescent polystyrene beads as the carrriers of various probes, thus the related reactions of bio-molecules are in liquid system. LiquiChip technique is of use in the methods to detect bio-macromolecules, e. g. DNA detection, immunoassay, cytokine assay, hormone assay, environmental survey and analysis. In comparison to conventional biochip, LiquiChip presents the advantages of high-throughput, high sensitivity, high accuracy, fine repeatability, wide linear range, etc. Now LiquiChip technique is widely used in biomedical engineering field.
Animals ; Biomedical Engineering ; trends ; Biosensing Techniques ; methods ; Humans ; Microfluidic Analytical Techniques ; methods ; Molecular Imprinting ; Protein Array Analysis ; methods

The application principle and procedure of reverse engineering and rapid prototyping techniques are introduced in this paper. The description is concentrated on the applications of the above techniques in medical field, especially in reconstructive surgery of mandibular bone defect.
Biomedical Engineering ; Bone Substitutes ; Computer Simulation ; Computer-Aided Design ; Humans ; Mandible ; surgery ; Mandibular Prosthesis Implantation ; methods ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods

To investigate a set of scientific and systematic methods for the sustainable utilization of natural resources of Chinese medicine. To summarize and review the studies on the reservation and sustainable using the resources of Chinese medicine. Five resource types, as well as the relevant reservation modes, are put forward for the Chinese medicine.
Biomedical Engineering ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Humans ; Industry

In this paper, a restorable watermarking algorithm is proposed for medical image content authentication. Important DWT coefficients are chosen to be coded with the SPIHT algorithm for generating watermarking. The improved security watermark scrambled by Arnold transformation was then embedded into the lower bits of the image data. Finally, the chain structure was used to detect the watermarking and identify the altered positions. The altered data in an image was restored by SPIHT decoding. The experimental results demonstrated that the watermarked image not only possessed good perceptual transparence but also allowed location and restoration of the tampered content.
Algorithms ; Biomedical Engineering ; Computer Security ; Diagnostic Imaging ; standards ; statistics & numerical data ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Medical Records Systems, Computerized ; organization & administration ; standards