Objective:To explore the adaptation process of the caregiving role of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD), and provide reference for targeted intervention strategies.Methods:Using purposive sampling, parents of children with ASD from the Pediatric Rehabilitation Center of Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital affiliated with Tongji University (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center) were selected as study participants from October 2023 to May 2024.A qualitative research approach employing interpretative phenomenological analysis was adopted, with interviews conducted among 8 parents of children with ASD. Interview data were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed according to interpretative phenomenological analysis.Results:A total of 8 parents of children with ASD were interviewed, including 1 father and 7 mothers, aged 35-45 years. The process of stigma acceptance among parents of children with ASD as caregivers could be summarized into four themes: the acceptance journey of disease diagnosis; family responses to the impact of the disease; integration strategies across different living spaces; and mutual growth with the child through companionship and care.Conclusions:The diagnosis of ASD triggers intense emotional reactions in parents and leads to changes in family relationships and role functions. Collaborative efforts among healthcare institutions, schools, and community systems are necessary to empower parents of children with ASD, facilitating their adaptation to caregiving roles, enhancing their caregiving capabilities, and ultimately supporting better social integration for children with ASD.

Objective:To explore the adaptation process of the caregiving role of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD), and provide reference for targeted intervention strategies.Methods:Using purposive sampling, parents of children with ASD from the Pediatric Rehabilitation Center of Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital affiliated with Tongji University (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center) were selected as study participants from October 2023 to May 2024.A qualitative research approach employing interpretative phenomenological analysis was adopted, with interviews conducted among 8 parents of children with ASD. Interview data were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed according to interpretative phenomenological analysis.Results:A total of 8 parents of children with ASD were interviewed, including 1 father and 7 mothers, aged 35-45 years. The process of stigma acceptance among parents of children with ASD as caregivers could be summarized into four themes: the acceptance journey of disease diagnosis; family responses to the impact of the disease; integration strategies across different living spaces; and mutual growth with the child through companionship and care.Conclusions:The diagnosis of ASD triggers intense emotional reactions in parents and leads to changes in family relationships and role functions. Collaborative efforts among healthcare institutions, schools, and community systems are necessary to empower parents of children with ASD, facilitating their adaptation to caregiving roles, enhancing their caregiving capabilities, and ultimately supporting better social integration for children with ASD.

Objective:To explore the application effect of continuous care based on structure-process-result three-dimensional quality assessment model in children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) .Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 380 children with OSAHS who were admitted to Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were selected as the research objects from July 2019 to June 2020. According to the order of admission, they were divided into the control group and the intervention group, with 190 cases in each group. The children in the control group used conventional nursing methods, while children in the intervention group implemented continuous care based on the structure-process-result three-dimensional quality evaluation model on this basis. The anxiety of children of the two groups before and after the intervention and the incidence of adverse events and satisfaction of parents between the two groups after the intervention were compared.Results:After the intervention, the total scores of separation anxiety, fear of physical injury, social phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety, and anxiety in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group. The incidences of secondary bleeding, wound infection and lung infection in the intervention group were lower than that in the control group. The satisfaction scores of parents of children in the intervention group on service attitude, nursing skills, health education and emergency measures were higher than those in the control group. The differences were all statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Continuing care based on structure-process-result three-dimensional quality assessment model can reduce the anxiety and the incidence of postoperative adverse events in children with ASAHS and improve satisfaction of parents of the children, which is worthy of clinical application.

Purpose To study the effects of different doses of ultrasound contrast agent SonoVue upon contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the kidney of healthy rabbits, and to seek the optimal dose of SonoVue. Materials and Methods CEUS was performed in 10 healthy rabbits with GE LOGIQ-E9 by using 8 different doses of SonoVue (ranging from 0.02 ml/kg to 0.16 ml/kg). The quantitative parameters of the time-intensity curve (TIC) were measured and statistically compared. Results The TICs showed that the peak intensity (PI) and the area under curve (AUC) increased with dose when the doses ranged from 0.02 ml/kg to 0.10 ml/kg (r=0.962 and 0.965, P<0.05); when the dose further increased, AUC had little change but PI decreased reversely. The arrival time (AT) shortened along with the increase of the SonoVue dose (r= - 0.917, P<0.05). The dose had a positive correlation with time to peak (r=0.49, P<0.05). Conclusion The parameters of TIC are influenced intensely by different doses of SonoVue. It is important to realize the relationship between SonoVue doses and its effects upon contrast-enhancement ultrasound in microcirculatory quantification. The dose of 0.10 ml/kg appears to be the optimal dose for CEUS in examining kidney of healthy rabbit.

PurposeThe monitor of organ microcirculation is significant in the diagnosis and treatment of hemorrhagic shock (HS). We established an HS experimental model and evaluated it by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), which aimed to evaluate the value of CEUS and time-intensity curve (TIC) in quantitative analysis of renal cortical microcirculation.Materials and Methods The experimental models of HS were established in 30 healthy New Zealand white rabbits by controlled exsanguinations and were divided into four groups according to the shock grade: normal (100% MAP), mild (70% MAP), moderate (50% MAP) and severe (40% MAP). The right kidneys of the experimental model were examined by CEUS. The corresponding parameters of the TIC such as arrival time (AT), time to peak (TTP), peak intensity (PI) and area under the curve (AUC) were measured with the TIC analysis software package when the region of interest was set in superficial of renal cortex.Results The model of HS were successfully established with 30 healthy New Zealand rabbits. Twenty-seven healthy New Zealand rabbits were alive at the end of the experiment, and three died of severe shock. The TIC rose steeply and reached the peak quickly, and then declined slowly to the baseline, which reflected the transition of microbubble in the region of interest. As the hemorrhagic shock model progressed from normal to mild, PI and AUC gradually decreased and the differences were significant (P<0.05); no significant changes were found in AT and TTP (P>0.05). AT and TTP gradually prolonged compared with normal and mild shock groups, and the differences were significant (P<0.05).Conclusion CEUS and TIC can quickly and accurately assess the renal perfusion changes of acute hemorrhagic shock model of animals in a quantitative way. It can be used as a new noninvasive monitoring tool in quantitative analysis of renal cortical microcirculation.