Objective:To explore the effect of plan-do-check-action (PDCA) cycle combined with detail nursing on improving safety management in outpatient Operating Room.Methods:Using the lottery method, a total of 120 patients who underwent surgery in outpatient Operating Room of Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from February 2018 to January 2019 were selected as the control group, and 124 patients from February 2019 to January 2020 were selected as the experimental group. The control group adopted the conventional Operating Room nursing mode, while the experimental group adopted Operating Room safety management mode combining PDCA cycle with detail nursing. Nursing quality score, incidence of adverse events and incidence of nursing errors were compared between the two groups.Results:The scores and total scores of all aspects of Operating Room nursing quality in the experimental group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01) . The total incidence of adverse events in the experimental group was 0.81% (1/124) , which was lower than 5.83% (7/120) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=4.860, P<0.05) . The total incidence of nursing errors in the experimental group was 3.23% (4/124) , which was lower than 10.00% (12/120) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=4.567, P<0.05) . Conclusions:PDCA cycle combined with detailed nursing can effectively improve the safety management of outpatient Operating Room and reduce adverse nursing events.

Objective:To investigate the use of contraceptives among postpartum women in the urban areas of Shanghai and to understand women's demands and utilization of contraceptive service.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted using questionnaires in postpartum women in the clinics for 42-day postpartum follow-up and child health care in 4 districts in Shanghai (including Changning District, Jingan District, Putuo District and Yangpu District) from August 2019 to December 2019. Data were analyzed using frequency description and logistic regression.Results:In total, 1170 postpartum women were enrolled. Among them, 420 women resumed sexual intercourse at an average length of (3.6±1.5) months postpartum and the proportions of consistent contraceptive use were 69.4%(43/62), 77.2% (186/241), 79.2% (57/72) and 71.1% (32/45), at periods of 1 to 3 months, 4 to 6 months, 7 to 9 months and 10 to 12 months after delivery respectively. Planned pregnancy, willingness to reproduce, and postpartum contraceptive guidance were associated with contraceptive behavior. Condom was the main approach used by postpartum women, while long-acting reversible contraceptive method was seldom used. The proportion of receiving guidance on contraception during postpartum home visits and 42-day postpartum follow-up were 43.3% (395/913) and 34.6% (369/1067) respectively. Totally, 37.6% (420/1117) of the total considered that the best time for contraceptive health education was at the 42-day postpartum follow-up, while 30.5% (341/1117) of them preferred health education during pregnancy.Conclusion:About one-quarter of postpartum women do not adhere to contraception in the urban areas of Shanghai. The proportion of using long-acting reversible contraceptive methods, such as intrauterine devices and subcutaneous, remains low. It is necessary to strengthen postpartum contraceptive services, to provide professional training, and strengthen guidance on the proper selection and use of contraceptive methods, especially for long-acting contraceptive methods. Meanwhile, the guidance for contraception should be advanced during pregnancy.

Objective:To investigate the use of contraceptives among postpartum women in the urban areas of Shanghai and to understand women's demands and utilization of contraceptive service.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted using questionnaires in postpartum women in the clinics for 42-day postpartum follow-up and child health care in 4 districts in Shanghai (including Changning District, Jingan District, Putuo District and Yangpu District) from August 2019 to December 2019. Data were analyzed using frequency description and logistic regression.Results:In total, 1170 postpartum women were enrolled. Among them, 420 women resumed sexual intercourse at an average length of (3.6±1.5) months postpartum and the proportions of consistent contraceptive use were 69.4%(43/62), 77.2% (186/241), 79.2% (57/72) and 71.1% (32/45), at periods of 1 to 3 months, 4 to 6 months, 7 to 9 months and 10 to 12 months after delivery respectively. Planned pregnancy, willingness to reproduce, and postpartum contraceptive guidance were associated with contraceptive behavior. Condom was the main approach used by postpartum women, while long-acting reversible contraceptive method was seldom used. The proportion of receiving guidance on contraception during postpartum home visits and 42-day postpartum follow-up were 43.3% (395/913) and 34.6% (369/1067) respectively. Totally, 37.6% (420/1117) of the total considered that the best time for contraceptive health education was at the 42-day postpartum follow-up, while 30.5% (341/1117) of them preferred health education during pregnancy.Conclusion:About one-quarter of postpartum women do not adhere to contraception in the urban areas of Shanghai. The proportion of using long-acting reversible contraceptive methods, such as intrauterine devices and subcutaneous, remains low. It is necessary to strengthen postpartum contraceptive services, to provide professional training, and strengthen guidance on the proper selection and use of contraceptive methods, especially for long-acting contraceptive methods. Meanwhile, the guidance for contraception should be advanced during pregnancy.

Objective:To assess the health status and health service utilization of children born to syphilis infected mothers during pregnancy, in order to prevent mother-to-child transmission of syphilis to the newborns.Methods:Women with maternal syphilis were studied by trained researchers via phone calls, in Shanghai during 2014-2015. Data related to demographics, status of infection and health care, utilization by both mothers and their children were collected through specifically designed questionnaires. Non-parametric tests including chi-square were used to assess the health status and health service utilization of children born to mothers with different demographic and socioeconomic characteristics.Results:A total of 495 children born to mothers with maternal syphilis were recruited from 1 000 syphilis infected parturient women. A total of 61 out of the 495 children were diagnosed as having congenital syphilis (57 children were diagnosed at birth and another 4 were diagnosed during the follow-up period). Children born to women who received syphilis treatment during pregnancy were at lower risk on congenital syphilis ( χ2=7.214, P=0.027). 37.8 % of the children were reported to have had different illnesses in the past three months, mainly involving upper respiratory infections (32.3 %) or diarrhea (3.6 %). Children diagnosed with congenital syphilis showed a higher prevalence of different kinds of diseases, compared to those without congenital syphilis (47.5 % vs. 36.6 %). 81.6 % of the children had received regular child health care services. Subjects with the following factors as: being immigrant, with lower education, unemployed, unmarried and multipara, were related to the less use of regular child healthcare services. Only 39.7 % of the parents would inform the care-takers about the risk of congenital syphilis infection of their own children at the child health care centers. Mothers with residency of Shanghai, having higher education level and employed, were less willing to inform doctors about the risk of congenital syphilis infection of their children. Conclusions:Loss to follow-up among children born to syphilis infected pregnant women remained a serious problem. Few parents would be willing to inform the healthcare takers that their children are at risk of syphilis, when receiving child health care services at the centers. It was necessary to integrate the congenital syphilis follow-up programs into the routine child care services so as to timely diagnose and treat the patients with congenital syphilis.