Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of actin gamma1(ACTG1)downregulation on apoptosis in gastric cancer cells line HGC-27.Methods Stable ACTG1 knockdown HGC-27 cell line was constructed by CRISPR/Cas9,ACTG1 knockdown was verified by DNA sequencing and Western blot,apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry,Western blot detected the expression level of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl2-associated X protein(Bax),B cell lymphoma 2 family protein(Bcl2)and PI3K/AKT signal pathway-related proteins AKT and p-AKT.Results HGC-27 cell lines with stable knockdown of ACTG1 were constructed,and the ACTG1 protein levels were decreased in the sgACTG1-1 and sgACTG1-2 groups compared with the Control group.Compared with the apoptosis rate in the Control group(6.54%±0.67%),cell apoptosis rate in the sgACTG1-1 and sgACTG1-2 groups(10.11%±0.46%,14.67%±0.17%)were significantly increased,the differences were statistically significant(t=-7.58,-20.28,all P<0.01).Compared the Control group,the Bax protein levels in the sgACTG1-1 and sgACTG1-2 groups(0.89±0.02,1.00±0.08 vs 0.71±0.03)were significantly increased(t=-8.14,-5.87),the level of Bcl2 protein(0.49±0.06,0.39±0.06 vs 0.65±0.07)were significantly decreased(t=3.09,5.35),the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Compared with the Control group,the AKT protein levels in the sgACTG1-1 and sgACTG1-2 groups(0.95±0.10,0.43±0.09 vs 1.17±0.06)and the P-AKT protein level(0.38±0.08,0.28±0.12 vs 0.70±0.14)were significantly decreased,the differences were statistically significant(t=3.20,12.13;3.44,3.85,all P<0.05).Conclusion Downregulation of ACTG1 inhibits the expression of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway related proteins AKT,p-AKT and promotes gastric cancer cells line HGC-27 apoptosis.

Objective:To systematically review and evaluate prediction models for aspiration risk in enteral nutrition patients, providing a reference for the development and application of future models.Methods:Literature related to prediction models for aspiration risk in enteral nutrition patients was searched in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine disc, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed, with the search period covering from the inception of the databases to August 30, 2024. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction, and the PROBAST tool was used to assess the risk of bias and applicability of the included studies.Results:A total of 18 studies were included, involving 24 prediction models, with sample sizes ranging from 103 to 512 and an event rate of 9.46% to 49.87%. The top six predictive variables reported most frequently were baseline age, history of aspiration, length of nasogastric tube insertion, nutritional risk, impaired consciousness, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-Ⅱscore. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the models ranged from 0.756 to 0.992. Twelve studies reported model calibration, six studies conducted internal validation only, one study conducted external validation only, and four studies performed both internal and external validation. The overall applicability of the 18 studies was good, but the risk of bias was high, mainly due to improper handling of continuous variables and missing data.Conclusions:The aspiration risk prediction models developed in various studies for enteral nutrition patients show good applicability but carry a high risk of bias. Future efforts should focus on further optimizing the model construction process, internal and external validation, and result analysis to provide more reliable and scientific tools for clinical aspiration risk assessment.

Objective:To systematically review and evaluate prediction models for aspiration risk in enteral nutrition patients, providing a reference for the development and application of future models.Methods:Literature related to prediction models for aspiration risk in enteral nutrition patients was searched in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine disc, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed, with the search period covering from the inception of the databases to August 30, 2024. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction, and the PROBAST tool was used to assess the risk of bias and applicability of the included studies.Results:A total of 18 studies were included, involving 24 prediction models, with sample sizes ranging from 103 to 512 and an event rate of 9.46% to 49.87%. The top six predictive variables reported most frequently were baseline age, history of aspiration, length of nasogastric tube insertion, nutritional risk, impaired consciousness, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-Ⅱscore. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the models ranged from 0.756 to 0.992. Twelve studies reported model calibration, six studies conducted internal validation only, one study conducted external validation only, and four studies performed both internal and external validation. The overall applicability of the 18 studies was good, but the risk of bias was high, mainly due to improper handling of continuous variables and missing data.Conclusions:The aspiration risk prediction models developed in various studies for enteral nutrition patients show good applicability but carry a high risk of bias. Future efforts should focus on further optimizing the model construction process, internal and external validation, and result analysis to provide more reliable and scientific tools for clinical aspiration risk assessment.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of actin gamma1(ACTG1)downregulation on apoptosis in gastric cancer cells line HGC-27.Methods Stable ACTG1 knockdown HGC-27 cell line was constructed by CRISPR/Cas9,ACTG1 knockdown was verified by DNA sequencing and Western blot,apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry,Western blot detected the expression level of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl2-associated X protein(Bax),B cell lymphoma 2 family protein(Bcl2)and PI3K/AKT signal pathway-related proteins AKT and p-AKT.Results HGC-27 cell lines with stable knockdown of ACTG1 were constructed,and the ACTG1 protein levels were decreased in the sgACTG1-1 and sgACTG1-2 groups compared with the Control group.Compared with the apoptosis rate in the Control group(6.54%±0.67%),cell apoptosis rate in the sgACTG1-1 and sgACTG1-2 groups(10.11%±0.46%,14.67%±0.17%)were significantly increased,the differences were statistically significant(t=-7.58,-20.28,all P<0.01).Compared the Control group,the Bax protein levels in the sgACTG1-1 and sgACTG1-2 groups(0.89±0.02,1.00±0.08 vs 0.71±0.03)were significantly increased(t=-8.14,-5.87),the level of Bcl2 protein(0.49±0.06,0.39±0.06 vs 0.65±0.07)were significantly decreased(t=3.09,5.35),the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Compared with the Control group,the AKT protein levels in the sgACTG1-1 and sgACTG1-2 groups(0.95±0.10,0.43±0.09 vs 1.17±0.06)and the P-AKT protein level(0.38±0.08,0.28±0.12 vs 0.70±0.14)were significantly decreased,the differences were statistically significant(t=3.20,12.13;3.44,3.85,all P<0.05).Conclusion Downregulation of ACTG1 inhibits the expression of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway related proteins AKT,p-AKT and promotes gastric cancer cells line HGC-27 apoptosis.

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of accidental injury death among Chinese population from 2005 to 2021 and predict its trends from 2022 to 2031.Methods:Based on the China Death Surveillance Database, the accidental injury death data of Chinese population from 2005 to 2021 were collected. The overall accidental injury death of Chinese population during the period was calculated, such as crude mortality rate and standardized mortality rate. A Joinpoint regression model was applied to calculate the standardized mortality rate including the annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) of accidental injury death among Chinese population of different genders, in urban and rural areas, age groups and eastern, central and western regions from 2005 to 2021. The standardized mortality rate of accidental injuries among Chinese population from 2022 to 2031 was predicted by using the exponential smoothing method. Results:From 2005 to 2021, the crude mortality rate of accidental injury among Chinese population decreased from 45.96/100 000 in 2005 to 39.97/100 000 in 2021, with the standardized mortality rate decreasing from 50.20/100 000 in 2005 to 30.74/100 000 in 2021, which showed a monotonous downward trend (APC=AAPC=-2.63, P<0.01). From 2005 to 2021, the standardized mortality rate of accidental injury in males was higher than that in females, showing a downward trend in both males and females (AAPC male=-2.85, AAPC female=-2.17, P<0.01) . From 2005 to 2021, the standardized mortality rate of accidental injury in rural population was higher than that in urban population, showing a downward trend in both urban and rural population (AAPC city=-2.39, P<0.01; AAPC rural=-2.58, P<0.05). From 2005 to 2021, the standardized mortality rate of accidental injury in Chinese population mainly fell in the age group of 15-44 years. From 2005 to 2021, the standardized mortality rate of accidental injury in the western region was higher than that in the eastern and central regions and there was an inflection point from up to down in the standardized mortality rate of accidental injury in the western and central regions in 2011. As the forecasting results showed, the standardized mortality rate of accidental injury among Chinese population would be reduced from 30.26/100, 000 to 20.93/100, 000 from 2022 to 2031. Conclusions:The standardized mortality rate of accidental injury among Chinese population from 2005 to 2021 shows a downward trend. Moreover, the male, rural, young and middle-aged population and population in the western region are still the key groups needing prevention of accidental injuries. There will also be a downward trend in the standardized mortality rate of accidental injuries in Chinese population from 2022 to 2031.

Objective:To analyze the mortality of accidental falls among the elderly in China from 2004 to 2019 and predict the standardized mortality from 2020 to 2024, so as to provide scientific evidence for formulating strategies to prevent accidental falls among the elderly.Methods:The death data of accidental falls of the elderly in China from 2004 to 2019 were collected from the China Death Cause Monitoring Data Set, and the total number of deaths, mortality rate and standardized mortality rate in the elderly from 2004 to 2019 and those data among them of different genders, residences and age groups were calculated. Joinpoint 4.8.0.1 statistical software was used to calculate the annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) of standardized mortality. The Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model (ARIMA) was used to predict the standardized mortality rate of accidental falls among the elderly in China from 2020 to 2024. Results:The number of deaths related to accidental falls among the elderly in China was increased from 2 908 in 2004 to 23 709 in 2019. The mortality rate was increased from 51.89/100 000 in 2004 to 67.74/100 000 in 2019. The standardized mortality rate of accidental falls showed an overall upward trend from 2004 to 2019 (AAPC=1.65, P>0.05), including an upward trend from 2004 to 2010 (APC=1.66, P>0.05), a downward trend from 2010 to 2013 (APC=-9.67, P>0.05), and another upward trend from 2013 to 2019 (APC=7.83, P<0.01). The number of death and mortality rate related to accidental falls in Chinese elderly males and females both showed upward trends from 2004 to 2019, and the standardized mortality rate also showed upward trends from 2004 to 2019 (AAPC males=2.19, AAPC females=0.29, all P>0.05). The standardized mortality rate in males was generally higher than that in females, with that of males showing an upward trend from 2013 to 2019 (APC=7.36, P<0.05) and that of female showing an upward trend from 2014 to2019 (APC=6.92, P>0.05). The number of deaths and mortality rate among the elderly living in rural and urban areas both showed upward trends from 2004 to 2019, and the standardized mortality rate also showed an upward trend from 2004 to 2019 (AAPC rural = 1.71, AAPC urban =1.00, all P>0.05). The standardized mortality rate among the elderly living in rural areas was generally higher than that in urban areas. The rural and urban elderly both showed upward trends from 2013 to 2019 (APC rural = 8.24, APC urban =6.11, all P<0.05). The number of death and mortality rate of different age groups all showed upward trends from 2004 to 2019. The standardized mortality rates of the elderly aged 65-74 years and ≥85 years also showed upward trends from 2004 to 2019 (AAPC 65-74 years=0.38, AAPC ≥ 85 years=4.09, all P>0.05). The standardized mortality rate of the elderly aged 75-84 years showed a downward trend from 2004 to 2019 (AAPC=-0.10, P>0.05), and that of the elderly aged 65-74 years showed an upward trend from 2010 to 2019 (APC=5.35, P<0.05). The standardized mortality rate of the elderly aged 75-84 years and ≥85 years showed upward trends from 2013 to 2019 (APC 75-84 years=6.49, APC ≥ 85 years=10.47, all P<0.05). The ARIMA prediction results showed that the overall standardized mortality rates of accidental falls in the elderly in China from 2020 to 2024 were 69.11/100 000, 72.33/100 000, 74.41/100 000, 76.34/100 000, and 76.48/100 000, respectively, showing a slow upward trend. Conclusions:The accidental fall-related mortality among the elderly in China showed an overall upward trend from 2004 to 2019, and the standardized mortality rate from 2020 to 2024 also shows an upward trend. The elderly who are male in gender, live in rural areas, or at age of ≥85 years are the key population for prevention and control of accidental fall. Active and effective measures should be taken to reduce accidental falls in the elderly so as to contribute to active and healthy aging.

Background::Urticaria is a common skin disease characterized by episodes of wheals, and it has a negative effect on patients’ quality of life. Large-scale population-based epidemiological studies of urticaria are scarce in China. The aim of this survey was to determine the prevalence, clinical forms, and risk factors of urticaria in the Chinese population.Methods::This survey was conducted in 35 cities from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities of China. Two to three communities in each city were selected in this investigation. Participants completed questionnaires and received dermatological examinations. We analyzed the prevalence, clinical forms, and risk factors of urticaria.Results::In total, 44,875 questionnaires were distributed and 41,041 valid questionnaires were collected (17,563 male and 23,478 female participants). The lifetime prevalence of urticaria was 7.30%, with 8.26% in female and 6.34% in male individuals ( P < 0.05). The point prevalence of urticaria was 0.75%, with 0.79% in female and 0.71% in male individuals ( P < 0.05). Concomitant angioedema was found in 6.16% of patients. Adults had a higher prevalence of urticaria than adolescents and children. Living in urban areas, exposure to pollutants, an anxious or depressed psychological status, a personal and family history of allergy, thyroid diseases, and Helicobacter pylori infection were associated with a higher prevalence of urticaria. Smoking was correlated with a reduced risk of urticaria. Conclusion::This study demonstrated that the lifetime prevalence of urticaria was 7.30% and the point prevalence was 0.75% in the Chinese population; women had a higher prevalence of urticaria than men. Various factors were correlated with urticaria.

Chordotonal neurons are responsible for sound sensation in Drosophila. However, little is known about how they respond to sound with high sensitivity. Using genetic labeling, we found one of the Drosophila axonemal dynein heavy chains, CG9492 (DNAH5), was specifically expressed in larval chordotonal neurons and showed a distribution restricted to proximal cilia. While DNAH5 mutation did not affect the cilium morphology or the trafficking of Inactive, a candidate auditory transduction channel, larvae with DNAH5 mutation had reduced startle responses to sound at low and medium intensities. Calcium imaging confirmed that DNAH5 functioned autonomously in chordotonal neurons for larval sound sensation. Furthermore, disrupting DNAH5 resulted in a decrease of spike firing responses to low-level sound in chordotonal neurons. Intriguingly, DNAH5 mutant larvae displayed an altered frequency tuning curve of the auditory organs. All together, our findings support a critical role of DNAH5 in tuning the frequency selectivity and the sound sensitivity of larval auditory neurons.

Objective:To explore the current status of clinical teaching staff for the graduate program of master of nursing specialist (abbreviated to nursing masters) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) universities and compare it with the role expectations of students, aiming to provide a reference for the subsequent construction and improvement of clinical teaching staff.Methods:Totally 172 nursing masters from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Henan provinces and Tianjin and 86 clinical teaching staff from the hospitals where they practiced were selected using convenient samping and investigated with the self-made questionnaire from October to December 2018. The differences between clinical teaching staff's resources, abilities and students' expectations were compared. A total of 258 questionnaires were distributed among 86 clinical teachers and 172 nursing masters, and 258 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective rate of 100%. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis of data.Results:There was a certain gap between the clinical teaching staff and students' expectations, especially in terms of the graduate school and academic qualifications of the clinical teachers. Totally 34.88% (30/86) of the clinical teachers graduated from TCM universities, while 71.51% (123/172) of the students expected to be taught by teachers graduating from TCM universities. Among the clinical teachers, 60.47% (52/86) were undergraduates, and fewer were masters or graduates with higher education. There was a certain difference between the teaching teachers' abilities and students' expectations. There were statistically significant differences in 17 secondary indicators (χ 2 were 12.027-130.149, P<0.05) , except for the professional attitude in clinical nursing abilities, decision-making abilities in clinical management abilities, communication abilities in interpersonal abilities, and collaboration abilities ( P>0.05) . There were statistically significant differences between students' current status and their learning needs for TCM nursing (χ 2 were 14.722-165.339, P<0.01) . TCM nursing skills and practical application of TCM nursing research were the contents that most students wanted to learn, accounting for 83.72% (144/172) and 70.35% (151/172) , respectively. Conclusions:There were differences between the current status of the teaching staff for nursing masters at TCM universities and the expectations of the students. The universities should fully consider the graduates' own expectations and needs based on the training objectives for graduates, actively explore the admission system for clinical teachers, improve the training system for teachers, and standardize the teaching evaluation mechanism based on the status quo of nursing talents in China.

Objective To explore the CT finding of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT)in the rare abdominal or pelvic, and compare their pathologies,to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and understanding of the disease.Methods The imaging,clinical and pathological data of 1 7 cases with IMT in the rare abdominal or pelvic were analyzed retrospectively.1 1 cases were performed with plain and enhanced scan,3 cases had plain scan only,and 3 cases had enhanced scan only.Results Among the 1 7 cases,8 cases were male,9 cases were female;1 5 cases were single,2 cases were multiple;4 cases were located in the stomach,colon or bladder,3 cases located in spleen,1 case located in kidney or urachus.Among those,2 lesions located in the colon cavity presented as soft tissue, it was difficult to distinguish the lesion from the adjacent intestinal contents since the small intestinal hypotonic CT examination was not performed and the intestinal filling was poor,thus those lesions were missed diagnosed with CT plain scan.The remaining 15 cases presented as soft tissue density as well,among those,9 cases presented with clear border while 6 cases with blurred border;the peripheral fat space of 4 cases were blurred and presented as infection and exudation,5 cases were accompanied with lymph node enlargement around the lesion;the density of 10 cases were uneven,among those,1 IMT lesion in bladder presented with linear calcification,1 IMT lesion in gastric antrum presented with nodular ossification in the center,9 cases showed obvious necrosis and cystic degeneration;5 cases showed even.After contrast administration,the lesions were enhanced mildly,moderately or significantly.The enhancement type were various,presented as uniform or nonuniform delayed enhancement.Vessel shadow was observed in 10 cases during arterial phase.All of the 17 lesions were primary, and no recurrence was found during follow-up.Conclusion The feature of IMT in the abdominal or pelivic including the following:the peripheral area of the lesion presenting as infection or exudation,the lesion showing uniform or nonuniform delayed enhancement, and vessel shadow observed in the lesion during arterial phase;in addition,calcification of the edge or central of the lesion occasionally happens,while ossification of the lesion is quite rare.