Objective:To help flying personnel prevent flight fatigue risk and ensure flight safety by investigating the fatigue and countermeasures of flying personnel during long-haul flight.Methods:Air Force flying personnel were randomly selected from a cluster. They were divided into 21-30, 31-40 and 41-50 years group according to age. According to the post, they were divided into fighter pilots, bomber pilots, air navigation commander/air communication controller/aerial machinist and other groups. The self-made "questionnaire of aeromedical support to long-haul flight safety" was used to collect the fatigue condition and countermeasures of flying personnel in long-haul flight for the comparison among age and post groups.Results:Out of 156 questionnaires, 150 were valid, with a response rate of 96.2%. For the comparisons among age groups, the significant differences were observed in 3 fatigue symptoms such as drowsiness/sleepiness, discomfort on neck, waist, and shoulders, and degraded reaction ( χ2=12.62, 11.77, 12.23, P=0.002, 0.003, 0.002), 2 fatigue countermeasures such as talking with teammates and engaging in physical activity ( χ2=6.37, 16.70, P=0.041,<0.001), and 4 measures of maintaining flight ability such as sleep management, comprehensive physical training, functional food intake and simulation training ( χ2=8.81, 11.48, 9.59, 7.32, P=0.012, 0.003, 0.008, 0.026). For the comparisons among post groups, the significant differences were observed in 3 fatigue symptoms as visual fatigue, drowsiness/sleepiness, and discomfort on neck, waist, and shoulders ( χ2=10.39, 17.89, 8.42, P=0.016, 0.001, 0.038), as well as in fatigue countermeasures chosen like taking in water or food ( χ2=19.06, P<0.001) and in improving flight ability chosen like relieving eye fatigue ( χ2=12.09, P=0.007). Conclusions:The age and post factors influence the fatigue conditions and countermeasures chosen in the flying personnel during long-haul flight. The targeted and comprehensive interventions are suggested.

Objective:To help flying personnel prevent flight fatigue risk and ensure flight safety by investigating the fatigue and countermeasures of flying personnel during long-haul flight.Methods:Air Force flying personnel were randomly selected from a cluster. They were divided into 21-30, 31-40 and 41-50 years group according to age. According to the post, they were divided into fighter pilots, bomber pilots, air navigation commander/air communication controller/aerial machinist and other groups. The self-made "questionnaire of aeromedical support to long-haul flight safety" was used to collect the fatigue condition and countermeasures of flying personnel in long-haul flight for the comparison among age and post groups.Results:Out of 156 questionnaires, 150 were valid, with a response rate of 96.2%. For the comparisons among age groups, the significant differences were observed in 3 fatigue symptoms such as drowsiness/sleepiness, discomfort on neck, waist, and shoulders, and degraded reaction ( χ2=12.62, 11.77, 12.23, P=0.002, 0.003, 0.002), 2 fatigue countermeasures such as talking with teammates and engaging in physical activity ( χ2=6.37, 16.70, P=0.041,<0.001), and 4 measures of maintaining flight ability such as sleep management, comprehensive physical training, functional food intake and simulation training ( χ2=8.81, 11.48, 9.59, 7.32, P=0.012, 0.003, 0.008, 0.026). For the comparisons among post groups, the significant differences were observed in 3 fatigue symptoms as visual fatigue, drowsiness/sleepiness, and discomfort on neck, waist, and shoulders ( χ2=10.39, 17.89, 8.42, P=0.016, 0.001, 0.038), as well as in fatigue countermeasures chosen like taking in water or food ( χ2=19.06, P<0.001) and in improving flight ability chosen like relieving eye fatigue ( χ2=12.09, P=0.007). Conclusions:The age and post factors influence the fatigue conditions and countermeasures chosen in the flying personnel during long-haul flight. The targeted and comprehensive interventions are suggested.

Objective: To compare the effect of scalp acupuncture and scalp acupuncture plus acupuncture exercise therapy (AET) on walking ability in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: A total of 60 spastic CP children with gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) grades Ⅰ-Ⅲ were divided into a control group and an observation group by the random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with the same conventional rehabilitation and scalp acupuncture therapy for CP. The control group received conventional rehabilitation first and then scalp acupuncture. The observation group received AET, which was to receive the conventional rehabilitation and scalp acupuncture simultaneously. Before and after treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated by the modified Ashworth scale (MAS) score, scores of dimensions D and E of the gross motor function measure (GMFM) scale, walking speed, and walking distance. Results: During treatment, there were 2 dropouts in the observation group. After 3 courses of treatment, the MAS scores in both the control group and observation group decreased compared with the same group before treatment (P<0.05), and the scores of dimensions D and E of the GMFM, walking speed, and walking distance were increased (P<0.05); the between-group comparison showed that the MAS score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the scores of dimensions D and E of the GMFM, walking speed, and walking distance in the observation group were higher or longer than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: W ith the same treatments, scalp acupuncture combined with AET is superior to the conventional scalp acupuncture method in reducing lower-limb muscle tone, improving standing balance ability, and walking stability in children with spastic CP.

Objective To investigate the occupational health status of dust exposed workers in Binhai New Area of Tianjin, and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of occupational disease prevention strategies. Methods On-duty physical examination data of dust exposed workers in Binhai New Area in 2019 were collected, and data processing and statistical analysis were conducted by Excel 2016 and SPSS22.0. Results A total of 20 898 dust exposed workers were included in the physical examination in 2019. Among them, 158 were abandoned in the examination of posterior-anterior high kV chest X-ray or digital radiography (DR) chest X-ray, 14 were abandoned in the examination of lung function, and a total of 20 726 were included in the final examination. Thirty-seven cases (0.18%) were found to be suspected of pneumoconiosis, 51 cases (0.25%) were found to be contraband, and 15 cases (0.072%) were found to be pneumoconiosis. The detection rate of abnormal chest radiograph was 4.73%, and the detection rate of abnormal lung function was 6.99%. Conclusion The detection rates of abnormal chest X-ray and pulmonary function of dust exposed workers in this area are rising with the increase of exposure time. Attention should be paid to the prevention of occupational pneumoconiosis by promoting the publicity and education of dust workers in large enterprises, strengthening the management of occupational health in collective enterprises, especially for older workers with long working years.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical efficacy differences of scalp acupuncture on brain injury in premature infants with different months of age.

METHODSAccording to the corrected months of age, 90 cases of premature infants with brain injury were divided into a group A (3 through 6 corrected months of age), a group B (7 through 9 corrected months of age) and group C (10 through 12 corrected months of age), 30 patients in each one. Based on the conventional early intervention, the infants in the group A were treated with scalp acupuncture at , motor area; the infants in the group B were treated with scalp acupuncture at , motor area and foot motor sensory area; the infants in the group C were treated with scalp acupuncture at , motor area, foot motor sensory area and balance area. All the treatment was given once every other day, and totally 30 treatments were given. The Alberta infant motor scale (AIMS), development quotient (DQ) of each function indexes in Gesell developmental scale (GDS) were observed before and after treatment; the clinical efficacy of each group was compared and the correlation between clinical efficacy and months of age was analyzed.

RESULTSCompared before treatment, the total score of AIMS and DQ of each function indexes of GDS were all improved in the three groups after treatment (all <0.01). After treatment, the differences of total score of AIMS and DQ of each function indexes of GDS among the three groups were significant (<0.05, <0.01), and the results in the group A were higher than those in the group B and the group C (<0.05, <0.01). The total effective rate was 96.3% (26/27) in the group A, which was higher than 89.7% (26/29) in the group B and 83.3% (25/30) in the group C. The correlation analysis indicated less months of age was significantly corelated with better efficacy (<0.05).

CONCLUSIONScalp acupuncture has superior improvement on the recovery of brain damage in premature infants, especially for those with 6 months of age or less.

To investigate the role of spinal interleukin-6-Janus kinase 2 (IL-6-JAK2) signaling transduction pathway in regulating astrocytes activation during the maintenance of bone cancer pain (BCP).
 Methods: NCTC 2472 fibrosarcoma cells were injected into the femur marrow cavity in C3H/HeNCrlVr male mice to establish BCP model and they were replaced by the equal volume of α-MEM in the sham model. The paw withdrawal latency (PWL) was measured after inoculation of tumor cells. The lumbar enlargement of spinal cord (L3-L5) was isolated, and Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of spinal glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and JAK2 mRNA and protein, respectively. The expression level of spinal GFAP mRNA indirectly reflect astrocytes activation level. Pain behaviors and spinal cord GFAP mRNA and protein expression were observed at the given time points after intrathecal administration of JAK2 antagonist AG-490.
 Results: The PWL at 10, 14, 21 d after operation in BCP model group were significantly shorter than that in the sham group (P<0.05); the spinal GFAP and JAK2 mRNA and protein levels were higher in the BCP model group in comparison to mice in the sham group (P<0.05); intrathecal injection of JAK2 agonist AG-490 (30 or 90 nmol) significantly alleviated PWL, and downregulated the expression of spinal GFAP mRNA and protein (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: The IL-6-JAK2 signaling pathway plays an important role in maintaining the BCP by regulating the expression of GFAP in the spinal cord. Intrathecal injection of AG-490 can reduce the BCP, and inhibit the activation of IL-6-JAK2 signaling pathway, which may be one of the mechanisms for spinal astrocyte activation.
Animals ; Astrocytes ; pathology ; Bone Neoplasms ; complications ; Hyperalgesia ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Injections, Spinal ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord ; cytology ; pathology ; Tyrphostins ; administration & dosage

Objective To apply the Comprehensive Function Assessment for Disabled Children in family care for children with cerebral palsy. Methods From May, 2014 to May, 2015, 120 cerebral palsy children were equally divided into control group and observation group. The control group accepted routine rehabilitation, and the observation group accepted targeted family rehabilitation program based on the evaluation of Comprehensive Function Assessment for Disabled Children. They were assessed with Comprehensive Function Assessment for Disabled Children before and three months after rehabilitation. Results The scores of cognitive function, language function, exercise abil-ity, self-care movement and social adaptation ability improved in both groups after rehabilitation (t>2.498, P<0.05), and improved more in the observation group than in the control group (t>2.062, P<0.05). Conclusion The application of Comprehensive Function Assessment for Disabled Children may help to plan a targeted rehabilitation nursing program for the nurses and the parents, that benefits the rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the effects of motor function of cerebral palsy children by the adjuvant therapy of acupuncture and its factors retrospectively.

METHODSFive hundred and twenty cerebral palsy children in hospital (from January 2005 to December 2014) who meet the criteria were selected through Doctor Workstation of our hospital. The cases were divided into groups according to the type of cerebral palsy, gestational age, complication, treatment time and age. Based on the physical rehabilitation, all the patients were assisted by acupuncture. Scalp acupuncture was used at(seven-intelligent needles), motor area, foot-motor-sensory area, etc. Body acupuncture were mainly at the governor vessel andmeridians of hand and foot. Treatment was given once every other day for eight months. Effects were evaluated by gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) and gross motor function measure (GMFM).

RESULTS① GMFCS:after eight-month treatment, the total effective rate of children with spastic cerebral palsy was superior to those of mixed type and involuntary movement type[77.9% (300/385) vs 60.3% (38/63), 56.9% (41/72), both<0.01]. The total effective rates of the above three types with gestational age from 37 to 42 weeks were better than those of the corresponding types with gestational age (<0.01,<0.05). The efficacy of children with mental retardation and language disorderwas higher than that of epilepsy and hearing disorder (<0.01,<0.05). The total effective rates of patients in the three types with the age of 1-2 were better than those of the corresponding types with the age of 2-4 (all<0.05). ② GMFM:after three-month and eight-month treatment, the GMFM scores of the three types were increased in different degrees (all<0.01), and after eight-month treatment, the score of the spastic type was increased more obviously than those of the other two types (both<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe motor function of cerebral palsy children can be improved assisted by acupuncture, and the effect may be related to treating time, cerebral palsy type, gestational age, complication and age.

Monoclonal antibody ( mAb ) represents a class of therapeutics experienced dramatic development over the past 30 years. Because of the tremendous differences in physicochemical and biological properties between mAbs and small molecules, the mAb therapeutics significantly differ from the chemical drugs in pharmacokinetic characteristics and underlying mechanisms. Full understanding of those characteristics and mechanisms may efficiently guide the screening and development of mAb medi-cines, and would well support their safety evaluation and clinical dosage regimen designing. This review is to summarize pharma-cokinetics and underlying mechanisms of mAbs from the aspects of absorption, distribution and elimination, as well as the ap-proaches for prediction of mAb pharmacokinetics in humans.

Objective To analyze mutations in the cathepsin C (CTSC) gene in a patient with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS).Methods Clinical data were collected from a patient with PLS.Two milliliters of venous blood samples were obtained from the patient,his parents and 100 unrelated healthy controls separately.DNA was extracted from these blood samples,and PCR was performed to amplify all the 7 exons of the CTSC gene followed by direct DNA sequencing.Results Two heterozygous mutations were observed in the CTSC gene of the patient.One was a novel mutation c.824C ＞ T at position 824 in the exon 6,which resulted in a substitution of ACC (threonine) by ATC (isoleucine) at codon 275 (p.T275I).The other one was the mutation c.1040A ＞ G at position 1040 in the exon 7,causing the substitution of TAT (tyrosine) by TGT (cysteine) at codon 347 (p.Y347C).His father and mother carried the heterozygous mutation c.824C ＞ T and c.1040A ＞ G respectively.Neither of the two mutations was observed in the 100 healthy controls.Conclusions CTSC mutations are responsible for the clinical phenotype of PLS.Identification of the c.824C ＞ T mutation extends the spectrum of mutations in the CTSC gene and provides a basis for genetic diagnosis of PLS.