BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is a disease with a high incidence rate in Yunnan province, yet there is a paucity of large-scale studies on its clinical epidemiology. This research aims to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of patients who underwent lung cancer surgery at Yunnan Cancer Hospital over the past decade, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer. METHODS: Clinical data were collected from 15,967 patients who underwent lung cancer surgery at Yunnan Cancer Hospital between 2013 and 2022. A statistical analysis was conducted on the patients' general data, surgical information, pathological types of lung cancer, and other clinical epidemiological characteristics. RESULTS: Among the 15,967 cases of lung cancer, 46.3% were male and 53.7% were female, with the male-to-female ratio ranging from 0.68 to 1.61:1. The median age was 56 years (interquartile range: 49-63), and 37.0% of the patients were in the age group of 50-59 years. Since 2017, there has been an annual increase in the proportion of patients under the age of 60 years. The smoking status of the patients showed that 28.1% were smokers and 71.9% were non-smokers. Qujing city accounted for 41.4% and Kunming city for 23.2% of the cases in Yunnan province, with 29.6% of patients originating from Xuanwei and Fuyuan areas of Qujing city. The distribution of affected lung lobes was as follows: right upper lobe 28.2%, right middle lobe 6.3%, right lower lobe 20.1%, left upper lobe 22.7%, and left lower lobe 16.4%. The use of thoracoscopic surgery increased from 30.8% to 96.3%, with single-port thoracoscopic surgery comprising 61.3%. Lobectomy was performed in 64.2% of cases, wedge resection in 17.2%, and segmentectomy in 12.2%. The proportion of lobectomy decreased from 83.1% to 46.1%. The proportion of patients in stages 0-I increased from 43.5% to 82.8%, while stages II-IV decreased from 56.5% to 17.2%. Adenocarcinoma increased from 75.6% to 88.3%, and squamous cell carcinoma decreased from 21.5% to 8.6%. Among adenocarcinoma patients, 60.9% were female. Among sguamous cell carcinoma patients, 90.6% were male. The peak age for adenocarcinoma was 50-59 years, and for squamous cell carcinoma, it was 60-69 years. The smoking rate was higher among squamous cell carcinoma patients (65.9%) compared to adenocarcinoma patients (22.3%). Adenocarcinoma patients had a higher proportion in stages 0-I (76.3%), while squamous cell carcinoma patients were more prevalent in stages II-III (64.1%). CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate an increasing proportion of female patients with adenocarcinoma, a younger age of onset, a higher proportion of non-smoking lung cancer patients, and an increased proportion of stages 0-I lung cancer. These trends may reflect the epidemiological characteristics of patients undergoing lung cancer surgery in Yunnan and surrounding areas over the past decade.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Middle Aged ; China/epidemiology* ; Aged ; Adult ; Aged, 80 and over

Objective:To assess the relationship between appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and ankle brachial index (ABI) among patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, from July 2018 to March 2019, a total of 278 patients with type 2 diabetes treated in Zhongda Hospital were enrolled in this study, and there were 158 males and 120 females. General information and clinical biochemical parameters and ABI in the patients were collected. The appendicular muscle mass was quantitatively measured with body composition analyzer to achieve ASM. And the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), skeletal muscle index (SMI), and appendicular skeletal muscle mass/body mass index (ASM/BMI) were calculated respectively. Correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analyses with different adjustment models were conducted to analyze the correlation between ABI and above-mentioned indexes.Results:The Pearson correlation analysis showed that ABI had significant positive correlation with ASM, ASMI and ASM/BMI ( r=0.14, 0.13, 0.13, all P<0.05), but a marginal relation with SMI ( r=0.116, P=0.053). Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that ASMI ( β=0.053, 95% CI: 0.006-0.101, P=0.027) and AMI/ABI ( β=0.347, 95% CI: 0.040-0.654, P=0.027) were significantly related to ABI. Conclusion:ASM is positively associated with ABI in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Immune checkpoint therapy is a new mode of tumor therapy. At present, many kinds of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have been approved for clinical application on various tumors, such as malignant melanoma, lung cancer, bladder cancer, lymphoma, etc. However, with the gradual promotion and application in clinical practice, various immune-related adverse reactions caused by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have attracted extensive attention. Especially in recent years, a number of adverse reactions related to endocrine gland injury have been reported. This paper reviews the research status and corresponding clinical treatment methods of endocrine gland related adverse reactions caused by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Objective To research the proper bicarbonate concentration for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis ( RO) remineralization. Methods Comprehensive analyses were made on the effects of HCO3- l on the desalination corrosion index, the methods of shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization and related remineralization criteria. Then, the range of proper bicarbonate concentration of soft water remineralization was recommended for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization from different angles, which was verified by municipal drinking water quality survey results. Results HCO3- concentration greater than 90 mg/L could significantly reduce corrosiveness of desalinated water. Nevertheless, the contribution ration for Langelier index ( LSI) was debased when HCO3- was greater than 90 mg/L. At present, the minimum quality criteria for HCO3-concentration was equal or greater than 30mg/L proposed by most countries. Shipboard desalination remineralization was more preferable with direct addition of agent, but the dissolution of bicarbonate was quite low in water. Conclusion In consideration of the shipboard environment and support capability, the applicable bicarbonate concentration of shipboard RO desalination remineralization was 30-90 mg/L, which was within the range of drinking water bicarbonate concentration for 50％ of the cities in our country.

Objective To research the proper bicarbonate concentration for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis ( RO) remineralization. Methods Comprehensive analyses were made on the effects of HCO3- l on the desalination corrosion index, the methods of shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization and related remineralization criteria. Then, the range of proper bicarbonate concentration of soft water remineralization was recommended for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization from different angles, which was verified by municipal drinking water quality survey results. Results HCO3- concentration greater than 90 mg/L could significantly reduce corrosiveness of desalinated water. Nevertheless, the contribution ration for Langelier index ( LSI) was debased when HCO3- was greater than 90 mg/L. At present, the minimum quality criteria for HCO3-concentration was equal or greater than 30mg/L proposed by most countries. Shipboard desalination remineralization was more preferable with direct addition of agent, but the dissolution of bicarbonate was quite low in water. Conclusion In consideration of the shipboard environment and support capability, the applicable bicarbonate concentration of shipboard RO desalination remineralization was 30-90 mg/L, which was within the range of drinking water bicarbonate concentration for 50％ of the cities in our country.

Objective: To investigate the frequency of KRAS mutation in mucinous epithelial lesions of the endometrium, and analyze the correlation between KRAS mutation and the clinicopathologic features. Methods: The cohort included forty-three cases of mucinous epithelial lesions of the endometrium selected from July 2015 to October 2017 from Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, and 22 control cases. Genomic DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Polymerase chain reaction amplification for KRAS exons 2 and 3 was performed, followed by sequencing using capillary electrophoresis. The Fisher exact test was used to compare the prevalence of KRAS mutation among the different groups. Results: The patients′age ranged from 33 to 77 years [mean (55.12±9.34) years, median 55 years]. None of the eight cases of endometrial hyperplasia with mucinous differentiation without atypia showed KRAS mutation. The frequency of KRAS mutations was 1/10 in endometrial atypical hyperplasia, 1/12 in endometrioid carcinoma, 4/11 in endometrial atypical hyperplasia with mucinous differentiation (EAHMD), 6/15 in endometrioid carcinoma with mucinous differentiation (ECMD) and 8/9 in mucinous carcinoma (MC), respectively. The differences were statistically significant between MC versus EC (P<0.01) and MC versus ECMD (P<0.05). Conclusion The high frequency of KRAS mutation in EAHMD, ECMD and MC indicates that KRAS mutational activation is implicated in the pathogenesis of endometrial mucinous carcinoma.

Objective To verify the antiviral effects of Siji Kangbingdu mixture (SJKBDM) against coxsackievirus A16 (CoxA16).Methods Vero cells and 5-day-old suckling mice, injected with 75/50 and 1×106 TCID50 CoxA16, were used as evaluation models.The preventive influences of SJKBDM against CoxA16 in Vero cells were assessed in the models.The effects of SJKBDM on the mortality, survival time, change rate of body weight, and clinical symptom scores of suckling mice were observed.Results ①The half maximal inhibitory concentration of SJKBDM on Vero cells was 9.59 mg·mL-1.②Toxic effects were not observed from 32.3 g·kg-1 single dose or continuous intraperitoneal injectin of SJKBDM in suckling BALB/c mice.③The SJKBDM had significant inhibitory effect against CoxA16 virus.Doses higher than 1.22 mg·mL-1 could significantly improve the Vero cell survival rate, and the SJKBDM inhibition of 75/50 TCID50 CoxA16 induced pathological changes in Vero cells.④The SJKBDM significantly improved clinical symptoms of mice with CoxA16 viral infection, especially with crude drug doses of higher than 1.62 g·kg-1.The survival rate and other indicators were comparable or slightly higher compared with ribavirin, and the clinical score was higher than that of ribavirin.Conclusion The SJKBDM has significant inhibitory effect on CoxA16 cell proliferation, significantly decreases death rate, and improves clinical symptoms of mice infected with CoxA16 virus.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the short-term efficacy of ear molding in the treatment of congenital auricular deformation. METHODS Twenty-four infants(twenty-eight ears) were treated with ear molding devices(EarWell Infant Ear Correction System). Doctors and parents were surveyed 1 months after treatment. RESULTS All cases were treated successfully without severe complications. 25 ears(89％) and 26(92％) were rated as very satisfied or satisfied by doctors and parents, respectively. CONCLUSION Ear molding is a noninvasive treatment, and effectively corrects congenital auricular deformation.

Objective To research and propose the proper calcium concentration for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization.Methods Comprehensive analyses were made on the calcium nutrient intake of adults,the effects of [Ca2+] level on the desalination corrosion index,the methods of shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization and related remineralization criteria.Then,the range of proper calcium concentration of soft water remineralization was recommended for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization from different angels,which was verified by municipal drinking water quality survey results.Results Food was the main source of human calcium intake.[Ca2 +] concentration elevation could significantly reduce the corrosiveness of desalinated water,however,the contribution ratio for Langelier index (LSI) was debased when [Ca2+] reached 41 mg/L.Shipboard desalination remineralization was more preferable with direct added agential.At present,for the sake of health,the minimum quality criteria for [Ca2+] in soft water was 16 mg/L.Calcium chloride was commonly used for desalinated water remineralization,with the maximum permitted concentration being 36 mg/L.Conclusions In consideration of the shipboard environment and support capability comprehensively,the applicable calcium concentration of shipboard RO desalination remineralization was 16-36 mg/L,which was within the range of drinking water calcium concentration for 57％ of the cities of our countries.

Objective To research and propose the proper calcium concentration for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization.Methods Comprehensive analyses were made on the calcium nutrient intake of adults,the effects of [Ca2+] level on the desalination corrosion index,the methods of shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization and related remineralization criteria.Then,the range of proper calcium concentration of soft water remineralization was recommended for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization from different angels,which was verified by municipal drinking water quality survey results.Results Food was the main source of human calcium intake.[Ca2 +] concentration elevation could significantly reduce the corrosiveness of desalinated water,however,the contribution ratio for Langelier index (LSI) was debased when [Ca2+] reached 41 mg/L.Shipboard desalination remineralization was more preferable with direct added agential.At present,for the sake of health,the minimum quality criteria for [Ca2+] in soft water was 16 mg/L.Calcium chloride was commonly used for desalinated water remineralization,with the maximum permitted concentration being 36 mg/L.Conclusions In consideration of the shipboard environment and support capability comprehensively,the applicable calcium concentration of shipboard RO desalination remineralization was 16-36 mg/L,which was within the range of drinking water calcium concentration for 57％ of the cities of our countries.