Purpose To investigate the CT and MRI features of papillary tumor of the pineal region(PTPR).Materials and Methods A total of seven cases pathologically diagnosed as PTPR in Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University from August 2009 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed,including patients'clinical and imaging data.Seven patients underwent MRI plain and enhanced scan,and five patients underwent CT scan at the same time.Results Supratentorial hydrocephalus was found in seven cases.The boundary of the tumor was clear,with a maximum diameter of about 1.8-5.9 cm,with an average of(2.8±1.5)cm.The tumors appeared as round in four cases and irregular masses in three cases.MRI showed mixed intensity on T1WI and inhomogeneous slight hyperintensity on T2WI of most cases,in which four lesions showed small patchy hyperintensity on T1WI.Four cases underwent diffusion weighted imaging,and three cases showed limited diffusion.Six PTPR lesions showed cystic degeneration,and three lesions had hemorrhage.On contrast-enhanced scans,most of the tumors demonstrated inhomogeneous moderate to obvious enhancement.The solid components of the lesions showed slightly high density on CT both in five cases,and calcification was present in three cases.Conclusion The imaging findings of PTPR have some characteristics,mostly with well-defined round or irregular masses,the tumor is prone to cystic degeneration,and the hyperintensity on T1WI is one of the characteristic images of the disease.

Purpose To investigate the CT and MRI features of papillary tumor of the pineal region(PTPR).Materials and Methods A total of seven cases pathologically diagnosed as PTPR in Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University from August 2009 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed,including patients'clinical and imaging data.Seven patients underwent MRI plain and enhanced scan,and five patients underwent CT scan at the same time.Results Supratentorial hydrocephalus was found in seven cases.The boundary of the tumor was clear,with a maximum diameter of about 1.8-5.9 cm,with an average of(2.8±1.5)cm.The tumors appeared as round in four cases and irregular masses in three cases.MRI showed mixed intensity on T1WI and inhomogeneous slight hyperintensity on T2WI of most cases,in which four lesions showed small patchy hyperintensity on T1WI.Four cases underwent diffusion weighted imaging,and three cases showed limited diffusion.Six PTPR lesions showed cystic degeneration,and three lesions had hemorrhage.On contrast-enhanced scans,most of the tumors demonstrated inhomogeneous moderate to obvious enhancement.The solid components of the lesions showed slightly high density on CT both in five cases,and calcification was present in three cases.Conclusion The imaging findings of PTPR have some characteristics,mostly with well-defined round or irregular masses,the tumor is prone to cystic degeneration,and the hyperintensity on T1WI is one of the characteristic images of the disease.

Background:In the clinical setting, the effect of intra-abdominal hypertension on the human body is dependent on time, but its role is not yet clear.Objective:To investigate the effect of the duration of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) on the prognosis of critically ill patients.Methods:This prospective cohort study enrolled 256 IAH patients who were admitted to the Surgical ICU of 10 Grade A hospitals in Fujian Province from January 2018 to December 2020. The duration of IAH (DIAH) was obtained after monitoring IAP, and ICU length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and average daily energy intake from enteral nutrition during ICU stay were observed and recorded. The correlation was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation. The patients were divided into the survival group and the death group according to their survival state at 60 days after enrollment. Thereafter, clinical characteristics between the two groups were compared. Multivariable logistic regression was used to study and validate the relationship between DIAH and 60-day mortality. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was established to evaluate the predictive abilities of DIAH on the mortality risk.Results:In critically ill patients, DIAH was positively correlated with duration of mechanical ventilation ( r=0.679, P<0.001), duration of CRRT ( r=0.541, P<0.001) and ICU length of stay ( r=0.794, P<0.001), respectively. In addition, there was a negative correlation between DIAH and average daily energy intake from enteral nutrition ( r=-0.669, P<0.001). After multivariable adjustment, DIAH was an independent risk factor for 60-day mortality in critically patients with IAH ( OR=1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.12; P = 0.012), and exhibited a linearity change trend relationship with mortality risk. The ROC curve analysis of DIAH showed that the area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.825 (95% CI: 0.763~0.886, P<0.01). When the cut-off value was 16.5 days, the sensitivity was 78.4% and the specificity was 75.4%. Conclusions:DIAH is an important risk factor for prognosis in critically ill patients. Early identification and rapid intervention for the etiology of IAH should be performed to shorten DIAH.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution of hyaluronic acid (HA) with iohexol tracing in the knee joint cavity of rabbits using CT plain scan, three-dimensional reconstruction and Χ-ray and observe how different injection sites affect HA distribution.

METHODSMixtures of HA and iohexol (tracer) were prepared that contained final iohexol concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, or 40%. The HA-iohexol mixtures (0.5 ml) were injected into rabbit knee joints, and the optimal iohexol concentration that allowed clear differentiation of the injected agents from the surrounding tissues was determined using dual-source CT plain scan and three-dimensional reconstruction technique. The HA-iohexol mixture (0.5 ml) containing the optimal concentration of iohexol was then injected into the knees of the rabbits either through the patella medial approach or the medial joint line approach, and HA distribution in the knee joint cavity was observed using CT scan and Χ-ray.

RESULTSThe CT value of HA-iohexol mixture increased progressively with the tracer concentration. After injection of the mixture containing 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40% iohexol, the CT value ratios of the soft tissue, HA-iohexol mixture and bone cortex were 2:7:46, 2:14:44, 2:28:44, 2:60:46, and 2:98:45, respectively, and a iohexol concentration of 5% was determined as optimal for differntiating the injected agents from the surrounding tissues. The HA-iohexol mixutre containing 5% iohexol injected through the medial-patellar approach was distributed mainly over the patello-femoral joint, and that injected through the joint line approach was found mainly over the tibio-femoral joint.

CONCLUSIONHA-iohexol mixture containing 5% iohexol allows clear differentiation of bone cortex and soft tissues in rabit knee joint from the injected agents on CT scan and Χ-ray, and the injection approach can influence HA distribution in the knee joint cavity.

Objective To investigate the distribution of hyaluronic acid (HA) with iohexol tracing in the knee joint cavity of rabbits using CT plain scan, three-dimensional reconstruction and X-ray and observe how different injection sites affect HA distribution. Methods Mixtures of HA and iohexol (tracer) were prepared that contained final iohexol concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, or 40%. The HA-iohexol mixtures (0.5 ml) were injected into rabbit knee joints, and the optimal iohexol concentration that allowed clear differentiation of the injected agents from the surrounding tissues was determined using dual-source CT plain scan and three-dimensional reconstruction technique. The HA-iohexol mixture (0.5 ml) containing the optimal concentration of iohexol was then injected into the knees of the rabbits either through the patella medial approach or the medial joint line approach, and HA distribution in the knee joint cavity was observed using CT scan and X-ray. Results The CT value of HA-iohexol mixture increased progressively with the tracer concentration. After injection of the mixture containing 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40%iohexol, the CT value ratios of the soft tissue, HA-iohexol mixture and bone cortex were 2∶7∶46, 2∶14∶44, 2∶28∶44, 2∶60∶46, and 2∶98∶45, respectively, and a iohexol concentration of 5% was determined as optimal for differntiating the injected agents from the surrounding tissues. The HA-iohexol mixutre containing 5% iohexol injected through the medial-patellar approach was distributed mainly over the patello-femoral joint, and that injected through the joint line approach was found mainly over the tibio-femoral joint. Conclusion HA-iohexol mixture containing 5% iohexol allows clear differentiation of bone cortex and soft tissues in rabit knee joint from the injected agents on CT scan and X-ray, and the injection approach can influence HA distribution in the knee joint cavity.

Objective To investigate the distribution of hyaluronic acid (HA) with iohexol tracing in the knee joint cavity of rabbits using CT plain scan, three-dimensional reconstruction and X-ray and observe how different injection sites affect HA distribution. Methods Mixtures of HA and iohexol (tracer) were prepared that contained final iohexol concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, or 40%. The HA-iohexol mixtures (0.5 ml) were injected into rabbit knee joints, and the optimal iohexol concentration that allowed clear differentiation of the injected agents from the surrounding tissues was determined using dual-source CT plain scan and three-dimensional reconstruction technique. The HA-iohexol mixture (0.5 ml) containing the optimal concentration of iohexol was then injected into the knees of the rabbits either through the patella medial approach or the medial joint line approach, and HA distribution in the knee joint cavity was observed using CT scan and X-ray. Results The CT value of HA-iohexol mixture increased progressively with the tracer concentration. After injection of the mixture containing 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40%iohexol, the CT value ratios of the soft tissue, HA-iohexol mixture and bone cortex were 2∶7∶46, 2∶14∶44, 2∶28∶44, 2∶60∶46, and 2∶98∶45, respectively, and a iohexol concentration of 5% was determined as optimal for differntiating the injected agents from the surrounding tissues. The HA-iohexol mixutre containing 5% iohexol injected through the medial-patellar approach was distributed mainly over the patello-femoral joint, and that injected through the joint line approach was found mainly over the tibio-femoral joint. Conclusion HA-iohexol mixture containing 5% iohexol allows clear differentiation of bone cortex and soft tissues in rabit knee joint from the injected agents on CT scan and X-ray, and the injection approach can influence HA distribution in the knee joint cavity.

Radiographic detection of pulmonary nodules based on three-dimensional Hessian matrix is highly sensitive but frequently produces false positive results in areas where blood vessels intersect. We propose a novel approach to pulmonary nodule detection using Hessian matrix-based adaptive window structure analysis, in which the structure coefficients is used to differentiate a voxel that belongs to a nodule or vascular structures, followed by construction of the 3D adaptive window to analyze the local structure characteristics; the nodules were then detected using the discrimination function. The experimental results on pulmonary CT images from 17 patients showed a 100% detection sensitivity for nodules of varying sizes and types, with also significantly reduced false positive results generated by the vessel junctions. This approach provides valuable assistance to follow-up positioning and segmentation of the pulmonary nodules.
Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Radiographic detection of pulmonary nodules based on three-dimensional Hessian matrix is highly sensitive but frequently produces false positive results in areas where blood vessels intersect. We propose a novel approach to pulmonary nodule detection using Hessian matrix-based adaptive window structure analysis, in which the structure coefficients is used to differentiate a voxel that belongs to a nodule or vascular structures, followed by construction of the 3D adaptive window to analyze the local structure characteristics;the nodules were then detected using the discrimination function. The experimental results on pulmonary CT images from 17 patients showed a 100%detection sensitivity for nodules of varying sizes and types, with also significantly reduced false positive results generated by the vessel junctions. This approach provides valuable assistance to follow-up positioning and segmentation of the pulmonary nodules.

Radiographic detection of pulmonary nodules based on three-dimensional Hessian matrix is highly sensitive but frequently produces false positive results in areas where blood vessels intersect. We propose a novel approach to pulmonary nodule detection using Hessian matrix-based adaptive window structure analysis, in which the structure coefficients is used to differentiate a voxel that belongs to a nodule or vascular structures, followed by construction of the 3D adaptive window to analyze the local structure characteristics;the nodules were then detected using the discrimination function. The experimental results on pulmonary CT images from 17 patients showed a 100%detection sensitivity for nodules of varying sizes and types, with also significantly reduced false positive results generated by the vessel junctions. This approach provides valuable assistance to follow-up positioning and segmentation of the pulmonary nodules.

Regular physical activity (PA) is a key element in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participation in regular PA improves blood glucose control and can prevent or delay T2DM and its complications, along with positively affecting lipids, blood pressure, cardiovascular events, mortality, and quality of life. However, most people with T2DM are not active and show poor adherence. This paper reviews the possible barriers to PA and strategies to improve the adherence to PA. Based on the currently available literature, it is concluded that self-efficacy and social support from family, friends, and health care providers play the important role in adoption and maintenance of regular PA. Here we also highlight some new modern and innovative interventions that facilitate exercise participation and improve the adherence.
Adoption ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Friends ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Motor Activity ; Quality of Life ; Self Efficacy