Objective To analyze the medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine in treating breast cancer based on real-world data mining.Methods Inpatients with breast cancer who received traditional Chinese medicine treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2017 to December 2021 were selected.Python 3.10 software was used to mine traditional Chinese medicine prescription data;SPSS 23.0 software was applied for descriptive analysis,and systematic cluster analysis was performed on high-frequency drugs.Results A total of 3026 consultation records of inpatients with breast cancer were collected.The main traditional Chinese medicine syndrome diagnosis of"predominantly liver depression and Qi stagnation"accounted for 60.94％of the total consultations.A total of 240 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine were used,with a cumulative frequency of 35 462 times.Among them,29 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine such as Danggui,Fuling,Baizhu,Chaihu had a cumulative usage frequency exceeding 300 times.Regarding the four natures of drugs,cold-natured(43.55％),warm-natured(30.05％),and neutral-natured(23.34％)drugs were predominant;In terms of five flavors,sweet(46.12％),bitter(30.91％),and pungent(20.02％)were the main ones.The most frequently used drugs were tonifying herbs(32.77％),followed by heat-clearing herbs(15.96％)and phlegm-resolving herbs(14.71％).Systematic cluster analysis yielded 7 groups of drug combinations.Conclusion In real-world clinical practice,traditional Chinese medicine for breast cancer mainly uses tonifying herbs,reflecting the traditional Chinese medicine principle of"strengthening healthy Qi and cultivating the root"in treating tumors.The four natures and five flavors of drugs follow syndrome differentiation and the combination of cold and heat.The clustered drug combinations have extensive therapeutic effects,covering various syndromes of breast cancer at different stages,which can provide a reference for clinical medication.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the association between chromatin remodeling-related genes(CRRGs)and overall survival(OS)of patients with skin cutaneous melanoma(SKCM),and to construct a risk score prognostic prediction mod-el.Methods Based on the TCGA and GTEx databases,the differentially expressed CRRGs in SKCM were obtained,and the progno-sis-related genes of SKCM were further screened by protein-protein interaction(PPI)network analysis,univariate Cox regression anal-ysis,and LASSO regression analysis.A risk score prognostic model was constructed based on the prognosis-related genes.According to the median of the risk score,SKCM patients were divided into the high-risk and low-risk groups.The single sample gene set enrich-ment analysis(ssGSEA)algorithm was used to evaluate the immune cell infiltration of SKCM patients between the high-and low-risk groups.Results A total of 15 hub genes were screened out through the PPI network analysis.Univariate Cox regression and LASSO regression analysis screened out 5 CRRGs associated with OS in SKCM patients,namely MMP2,MMP9,SPP1,TNFSF11,and TIMP1.A risk score was constructed based on the 5 prognostic genes,and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor for SKCM patients(P<0.05).Survival analysis showed that SKCM patients in the high-risk group was shorter than that in the low-risk group(P<0.05).The results of immune cell infiltration analysis showed that there were significant differences in the infiltration ratios of 16 immune cells between the high-and low-risk groups,among which the pro-portions of activated B cells,immature B cells,effector and memory CD8+T cells and activated CD8+T cells in the high-risk group were significantly reduced(P<0.05).The proportion of CD56bright natural killer cells,CD56dim natural killer cells,γδT cells and immature dendritic cells in the high-risk group were significantly increased(P<0.05).The drug sensitivity analysis showed that there were significant differences in the sensitivity of high-risk and low-risk SKCM patients to crizotinib,erlotinib,gefitinib and vinorelbine(P<0.01).Conclusions This study constructed a prognosis model of SKCM composed of 5 CRRGs,further revealed the differences in the immune microenvironment and drug sensitivity in patients with different risk groups of SKCM,and provided an important refer-ence for personalized treatment of SKCM patients.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the association between chromatin remodeling-related genes(CRRGs)and overall survival(OS)of patients with skin cutaneous melanoma(SKCM),and to construct a risk score prognostic prediction mod-el.Methods Based on the TCGA and GTEx databases,the differentially expressed CRRGs in SKCM were obtained,and the progno-sis-related genes of SKCM were further screened by protein-protein interaction(PPI)network analysis,univariate Cox regression anal-ysis,and LASSO regression analysis.A risk score prognostic model was constructed based on the prognosis-related genes.According to the median of the risk score,SKCM patients were divided into the high-risk and low-risk groups.The single sample gene set enrich-ment analysis(ssGSEA)algorithm was used to evaluate the immune cell infiltration of SKCM patients between the high-and low-risk groups.Results A total of 15 hub genes were screened out through the PPI network analysis.Univariate Cox regression and LASSO regression analysis screened out 5 CRRGs associated with OS in SKCM patients,namely MMP2,MMP9,SPP1,TNFSF11,and TIMP1.A risk score was constructed based on the 5 prognostic genes,and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor for SKCM patients(P<0.05).Survival analysis showed that SKCM patients in the high-risk group was shorter than that in the low-risk group(P<0.05).The results of immune cell infiltration analysis showed that there were significant differences in the infiltration ratios of 16 immune cells between the high-and low-risk groups,among which the pro-portions of activated B cells,immature B cells,effector and memory CD8+T cells and activated CD8+T cells in the high-risk group were significantly reduced(P<0.05).The proportion of CD56bright natural killer cells,CD56dim natural killer cells,γδT cells and immature dendritic cells in the high-risk group were significantly increased(P<0.05).The drug sensitivity analysis showed that there were significant differences in the sensitivity of high-risk and low-risk SKCM patients to crizotinib,erlotinib,gefitinib and vinorelbine(P<0.01).Conclusions This study constructed a prognosis model of SKCM composed of 5 CRRGs,further revealed the differences in the immune microenvironment and drug sensitivity in patients with different risk groups of SKCM,and provided an important refer-ence for personalized treatment of SKCM patients.

Objective To analyze the medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine in treating breast cancer based on real-world data mining.Methods Inpatients with breast cancer who received traditional Chinese medicine treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2017 to December 2021 were selected.Python 3.10 software was used to mine traditional Chinese medicine prescription data;SPSS 23.0 software was applied for descriptive analysis,and systematic cluster analysis was performed on high-frequency drugs.Results A total of 3026 consultation records of inpatients with breast cancer were collected.The main traditional Chinese medicine syndrome diagnosis of"predominantly liver depression and Qi stagnation"accounted for 60.94％of the total consultations.A total of 240 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine were used,with a cumulative frequency of 35 462 times.Among them,29 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine such as Danggui,Fuling,Baizhu,Chaihu had a cumulative usage frequency exceeding 300 times.Regarding the four natures of drugs,cold-natured(43.55％),warm-natured(30.05％),and neutral-natured(23.34％)drugs were predominant;In terms of five flavors,sweet(46.12％),bitter(30.91％),and pungent(20.02％)were the main ones.The most frequently used drugs were tonifying herbs(32.77％),followed by heat-clearing herbs(15.96％)and phlegm-resolving herbs(14.71％).Systematic cluster analysis yielded 7 groups of drug combinations.Conclusion In real-world clinical practice,traditional Chinese medicine for breast cancer mainly uses tonifying herbs,reflecting the traditional Chinese medicine principle of"strengthening healthy Qi and cultivating the root"in treating tumors.The four natures and five flavors of drugs follow syndrome differentiation and the combination of cold and heat.The clustered drug combinations have extensive therapeutic effects,covering various syndromes of breast cancer at different stages,which can provide a reference for clinical medication.

Objective To explore the effects of different acupoints,different target organs,and different interventions on acupoint efficacy based on ACU&MOX-DATA platform;To illustrate and visualize whether the above factors have the characteristics of"specific effect"or"common effect"of acupoint efficacy.Methods The multi-source heterogeneous data were integrated from the original omics data and public omics data.After standardization,differential gene analysis,disease pathology network analysis,and enrichment analysis were performed using Batch Search and Stimulation Mode modules in ACU&MOX-DATA platform under the conditions of different acupoints,different target organs,and different interventions.Results Under the same disease state and the same intervention,there were differences in effects among different acupoints;under the same disease state,the same acupoint and intervention,the responses produced by different target organs were not completely consistent;under the same disease state and acupoint,there were differences in effects among different intervention measures.Conclusion Based on the analysis of ACU&MOX-DATA platform,it is preliminary clear that acupoints,target organs,and interventions are the key factors affecting acupoint efficacy.Meanwhile,the above results have indicated that there are specific or common regulatory characteristics of acupoint efficacy.Applying ACU&MOX-DATA platform to analyze and visualize the critical scientific problems in the field of acupuncture and moxibustion can provide references for deepening acupoint cognition,guiding clinical acupoint selection,and improving clinical efficacy.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Dahuang Fuzi decoction(DHFZT)on the killing effect of natural killer(NK)cells and the growth of lung cancer xenografts in mice.Lewis lung cancer xenograft model was constructed,and the mice were randomly divided to the normal saline group,low and high concentrations of DHFZT groups.The growth of lung cancer xenografts in mice in the control group,low and high concentration of DHFZT treatment groups was detected.The levels of IFN-y,IL-2 and IL-10 were detected by ELISA.The killing effect of NK cells was detected by calcein release assay.The release of CD107α was detected by flow cytometry.The expression of activated receptors and the tumor cell surface ligands were detected in the con-trol group and DHFZT treatment groups.The results showed that the xenografts of Lewis mice in the DHFZT treatment groups were grown slower than that in the control group in a dose depend-ent manner(P＜0.05).Compared with the control groups,the levels of IL-2 and IFN-y in tumor tissues were increased in DHFZT treatment groups(P＜0.05),but no significant changes in IL-10.Calcein release assay showed that the killing efficiency of NK cells in the DHFZT treatment groups was increased(P＜0.05).The secretion level of IFN-y in the culture supernatant was increased by DHFZT treatment(P＜0.05).DHFZT treatment increased the expression level of CD107α of NK cells.The expression of MIC A/B on the surface of A549 and H1299 cells was up-regulated by DHFZT treatment,but not the expression of inhibitory ligand HLA-ABC.The results showed that DHFZT enhanced the killing effect of NK cells on mouse lung cancer cells by up-reg-ulating the expression of MIC A/B,increasing the secretion of IFN-y and CD107α.Hence,these re-sults indicated that DHFZT suppresses the lung cancer growth potential through regulating the killing effect of NK cells.

Objective To investigate the clinical and imaging characteristics of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease(MOGAD).Methods The clinical symptoms,MRI features,results of laboratory tests and clinical prognosis of 14 MOGAD patients who were hospitalized in our hospital from June 2016 to June 2022 were collected and retrospectively analyzed.Their clinical and imaging characteristics were summarized and discussed.Results Among the 14 enrolled patients,there were 10 males and 4 females,with a male to female ratio of 2.5∶1.Their age of first onset was＜18 years in 3 cases,18～45 years in 8 cases,and＞45 years in 3 cases.Optic neuritis(10/14,71.43％)was the most common clinical type,followed by encephalitis or meningoencephalitis(9/14,64.29％),brainstem encephalitis(5/14,35.71％)and myelitis(5/14,35.71％).Visual impairment(10/14,71.43％)was the most common clinical symptom,followed by headache in 8 cases(8/14,57.14％),fever in 6 cases(6/14,42.86％),dizziness in 6 cases(6/14,42.86％),parethesia in 5 cases(5/14,35.71％),and seizures,limb paralysis,sphincter dysfunction,ataxia,and vomit were all in 4 cases(4/14,28.57％).Four patients(4/14,28.57％)had a history of upper respiratory tract infection before MOGAD onset.There were 10 patients undergoing cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)test,and 8 of them had abnormal results,including 2 patients(2/10,20％)of increased pressure,8 patients(8/10,80％)of larger WBC count in CSF,and 5 patients(5/10,50％)of elevated total protein in CSF.MRI displayed multiple lesion involvement,and there were 7 cases(7/14,50.00％)in cortical/subcortical white matter,6 cases in brainstem(6/14,42.86％),5 cases in optic nerve(5/14,35.71％),4 cases in spinal cord(4/14,28.57％).The hippocampus,thalamus,basal ganglia,and paraventricular white matter were involved in 3 cases(3/14,21.43％),respectively,and the cerebellum and corpus callosum were in 2 cases(2/14,14.29％),respectively.MRI lesions demonstrated patchy hyperintensity on T2 WI and T2 FLAIR,with patchy,nodular and linear enhancement.Among the 10 patients undergoing visual evoked potential(VEP)test,abnormalities were detected in 9 cases(9/10,90％),and 8(8/10,80％)had bilateral visual pathway abnormalities.Eight patients(8/14,57.14％)experienced relapse and remission course.Both methylprednisolone pulse therapy and immunoglobulin modulation therapy were effective in the acute phase.Five patients with relapsed remission presented a significant reduction in recurrence after immunosuppressants.Conclusion MOGAD is manifested with various clinical features,with vision loss,headache,fever and dizziness more common.MRI lesions of MOGAD involve cerebral cortex,subcortical white matter,brainstem,and optic nerve,etc.Patchy hyperintesive signals are observed on T2WI and T2 FLAIR,and some lesions can be enhanced.Corticosteroid pulse therapy and immunoglobulin therapy show effective treatment in the acute phase,and immunosuppressants in the remission phase can reduce relapse.

OBJECTIVE To establish the fingerprint of the ethanol extract from Callicarpa nudiflora， analyze its anti- respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） activity in vitro， and study the relationship between spectrum and effect. METHODS Using 10%， 30%， 50%， 70% and 90% ethanol as solvent， 20 batches of ethanol extracts from 4 batches of C. nudiflora were prepared. The fingerprints for 20 batches of ethanol extracts from C. nudiflora were mapped by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography （UPLC）， and the similarity evaluation was conducted by using the Similarity Evaluation System for Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprints （2012 edition）. The cytopathic effect method and MTT method were used to investigate the in vitro inhibitory activity of the ethanol extracts from C. nudiflora on RSV. Pearson correlation analysis， grey correlation degree and orthogonal partial least squares （OPLS） analysis were used to study the spectrum-effect relationship. RESULTS There were 25 common peaks in 20 batches of ethanol extracts from C. nudiflora， and the similarities ranged from 0.912 to 0.998， and the RSDs of common peak areas were 33.54%-162.28%. The average values of IC50 for RSV of 20 batches of ethanol extracts from C. nudiflora were 9.55-272.23 μg/mL. The results of Pearson correlation analysis， grey correlation analysis and OPLS analysis showed that the Pearson correlation coefficients （P＜0.05） of the common peaks 8， 10， 12， 16， 18-19， 22-24 with pharmacodynamic indicators and regression coefficients were all negative， the correlation coefficients were all greater than 0.6， and the values of variable importance in projection were all greater than 1. CONCLUSIONS Twenty batches of ethanol extracts from C. nudiflora have similar components but significant differences in content， and exhibit different degrees of anti-RSV activity in vitro. The corresponding components of common peaks 8， 10， 12， 16， 18-19， 22-24 may be the characteristic components of anti-RSV of C. nudiflora.

Objective:To investigate the significance of changes of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer.Methods:The data of 86 patients with rectal cancer who received neoadjuvant therapy from November 2013 to January 2015 in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and the correlations of NLR and PLR changes with the patients' clinicopathological characteristics and therapeutic effects were also analyzed.Results:There were 43 cases of increased NLR and 43 cases of increased PLR after treatment. NLR and PLR changes before and after neoadjuvant therapy in patients with rectal cancer were not associated with age, gender, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, number of cancer nodules, and tumor diameter (all P > 0.05). The increasing proportion of NLR and PLR after treatment in patients with the distance from the tumor to anus < 6 cm was higher than that in those with the distance≥6 cm [60.00% (30/50) vs. 36. 11% (13/36), χ2 = 4.778, P = 0.029; 64.00% (32/50) vs. 30.56% (11/36), χ2 = 9.364, P = 0.002]. The increasing proportion of NLR and PLR after treatment in patients with the body mass index (BMI) ≥28 kg/m 2 was higher than that in those with BMI < 28 kg/m 2 [81.82% (9/11) vs. 45.33% (34/75), χ2 = 5.108, P = 0.024; 90.91% (10/11) vs. 44.00% (33/75), χ2 = 8.444, P = 0.004]. The remission rate of patients in NLR reduction group after treatment was higher than that in NLR increase group [72.09% (31/43) vs. 51.16% (31/43), χ2 = 3.983, P = 0.046]. PLR changes were not associated with the therapeutic effects of neoadjuvant therapy before and after treatment ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:NLR changes are associated with therapeutic efficacy before and after neoadjuvant therapy for patients with rectal cancer.

Objective To investigate the co-occurrence incidence,clinical features and risk predictors of autism and intellectual disability in patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS).Methods Sixty-four patients with LGS were recruited in our Epilepsy Center from June 2012 to June 2018.Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) were performed to evaluate autism,while Chinese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (C-WISC) and Gesell Developmental Scale were applied to estimate intelligence.The influences of different clinical factors in autism and intellectual disability were analyzed in patients with LGS.Results Among 64 patients with LGS,only three (4.7％) were diagnosed as having autism,and their average ABC and CARS scores were 80.0 and 40.0,respectively.The average ABC and CARS scores were 40.9±26.7 and 26.0±8.9 in thepatients with onset age＜one year,which were significantly higher than those in other two groups,respectively (P＜0.05).The average ABC and CARS scores in the patients accepted antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) ≥ 3 were 27.8±22.8 and 22.2±8.7,which were significantly higher than those in the patients accepted one or two kinds ofAEDs (P＜0.05).In addition,the ABC and CARS scores showed significant differences in the groups with different seizure frequency and in the groups with or without symptomatic etiologies (P＜0.05).Fifty patients (78.1％) presented different levels of intellectual disability;severe intellectual disability was the leading type,which accounted for 31.3％ (20/64);12(18.8％),7(10.9％),and 11 (17.2％) patients were with mild,moderate or profound intellectual disability,respectively.As compared with patients without intellectual disability,patients with intellectual disability had younger onset age,higher proportion of slow background activity on EEG and higher proportion of symptomatic etiologies,with significant differences (P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients are in higher risk of autism when they have earlier epilepsy onset age,higher frequency of epilepsy seizure attack,administration of AEDs ≥3 and symptomatic etiologies;early onset age is an independent risk predictor for intellectual disability of patients with LGS.