Objective: To analyze the distribution characteristics of unexpected antibodies among voluntary blood donors at a hospital in Beijing, with a focus on the seasonal distribution patterns of natural antibodies represented by the MNS and Lewis systems, as well as their correlation with concurrent local epidemic trends of the influenza virus, so as to provide a scientific basis for clinical transfusion safety early-warning and management strategies. Methods: A total of 82 780 voluntary blood donors from March 2023 to February 2026 at our hospital were enrolled. Positive screening for unexpected antibodies was identified through ABO blood group re-evaluations and minor crossmatch incompatibilities. Based on climatological seasonal definitions—spring (March to May), summer (June to August), autumn (September to November), and winter (December to February of the following year) —differences in the detection rates of various antibody classifications across different seasons were compared. Local influenza surveillance data from the same period were collected, and their correlation with the positive rate of influenza virus was analyzed. Results: A total of 98 cases (0.12%) positive for unexpected antibodies were identified among the 82 780 blood donors, including 87 cases with specific antibodies. The MNS system antibodies (anti-M) accounted for the highest proportion (54 cases, 55.10%). The detection rate of unexpected antibodies was significantly different in different seasons (P<0.05), and the detection rate in winter was significantly higher than that in spring, summer, and autumn (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the monthly detection rate of total unexpected antibodies was positively correlated with the positive rate of influenza virus (r=0.423, P=0.010); The correlation between the monthly detection rate of unexpected antibodies and the positive rate of influenza virus in Lewis system (r=0.398, P=0.016) and MNS system (r=0.389, P=0.019) was statistically significant; However, no correlation was found for other antibodies such as those of the Rh system (P>0.05). Conclusion: The detection of unexpected antibodies in voluntary blood donors showed significant aggregation in winter, and was ecologically correlated with the positive rate of influenza virus in the region at the population level, which was more obvious in MNS and Lewis blood group system antibodies. These results suggest that influenza virus infection may have a potential impact on the expression of natural antibodies. Enhancing unexpected antibody identification and early warning for clinical crossmatch risks during winter is of great significance for ensuring the safety of clinical blood transfusion.

Objective: To investigate the molecular mechanism of ABO blood type gene c. 899G>A leading to the occurrence of subtype A. Methods: Serological methods were used to identify ABO blood types. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction sequence specific (PCR-SSP) kits, and Sanger sequencing was used to analyze the ABO gene exons 1-7. PacBio third-generation sequencing was employed for ABO gene full-length haplotype analysis. AlphaFold3 was used to predict protein structure, and ChimeraX software was used to analyze the impact of amino acid changes caused by base mutations on protein structure. Results: The patient exhibited group O of forward typing and group A of reverse typing. Weak A. antigen was detected by absorption-elution test. Molecular biology detection revealed three mutation sites, c. 261delG, c. 297A>G, and c. 899G>A. Third-generation sequencing showed that one haplotype was recombinant ABO O.01.01 and the other haplotype was recombinant ABO B.01-O.01.01, with c. 297A>G and c. 899G>A located on this recombinant haplotype. Protein structure prediction indicated that c. 899G>A resulted in premature termination codons and translation interruption of ABO blood group genes, leading to a 55 amino acid deletion at the C-terminus. Conclusion: The c. 899G>A mutation in the ABO gene of the patient resulted in reduced A antigen expression and an A subtype phenotype.

This paper reviews the assessment tools for childbirth readiness of pregnant and puerperal women and their applications, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these tools, and puts forward suggestions, in order to provide reference for research on the readiness for childbirth in pregnant and puerperal women.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death among men worldwide. Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) is an important complementary target of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and a key target for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment. Radionuclide labeled bombesin (BBN) analogues can accurately target overexpressed GRPR in tumor cells, thus providing early diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. In this review, we focus on the studies of 99Tc m, 111In, 68Ga, 64Cu, 18F, and 177Lu nuclide-labeled BBN analogues for diagnosis and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment effect and prognosis of children with nearly diploid neuroblastoma (NB).Methods:A retrospective analysis of the general clinical characteristics (including age, Gender, risk grouping, location of primary tumor, etc.), laboratory test results, treatment and recent prognosis of NB children with nearly diploidy in bone marrow chromosomes by G-banding technology who admitted to Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2015 to December 2018. Kaplan- Meier method was adopted to calculate survival rate.Univariate analysis was performed using Log- Rank test, and multivariate analysis was conducted with Cox regression model. Results:A total of 43 patients, including 27 males and 16 females, with diagnosis were included, with 14 cases in the hypodiploid group and 29 cases in the hyperdiploid group, and the median age was 35.5 months.The 43 children were all in the high-risk group of International Neuroblastoma Staging System(INSS)-Ⅳ.The primary tumors were mainly located in the retroperitoneal adrenal region (83.7%, 36/43 cases). The largest diameter of the tumors was more than 10 cm (53.5%, 23/43 cases), and often accompanied by 2 or more metastases at the time of consultation.In terms of chromosome karyotype and chromosome karyotype of 14 children in the hypodiploid group was 41-45, the most common karyotype was 45 chromosomes[9 cases(64.3%)]. Among 29 children in the hyperdiploid group of the 47 chromosome karyotypes, 11 cases were common (37.9%). Tumor markers were as follows: neuron enolase (NSE) increased in 41 cases children (95.3%) at first diagnosis, and 25 cases (58.1%)> 370 μg/L; 42 cases (97.7%)had lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The LDH of children in the hypodiploid group was all> 500 U/L, with 1 case was> 10 000 U/L.Nine cases (20.9%) of MYCN gene were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Treatment and prognosis: the total course of chemotherapy for 43 patients was 1-12, 19(44.2%) patients received autologous stem cell transplantation, 21 patients (46.5%) received postoperative or autologous radiotherapy or metaiodobenzylguanidine treatment, 28 children developed or relapsed with a median duration of 13.8 months, and 15 cases (34.9%) died.The median follow-up time of the 14 children in the hypodiploid group was 14.9 months (2-38 months), 12 cases progressed or relapsed, and 7 died.The median follow-up of 29 children in the hyperdiploid group was 20.0 months (8.1-51.6 months), with 16 patients progressed or relapsed and 8 cases died. Kaplan- Meier survival analysis illustrated that the 3-year projected event free survival (EFS) rate of 43 children was 18.4%, of which 17.1% were in the hypodiploid group and 29.8% in the hyperdiploid group. Conclusions:Preliminary analysis reveals that children with nearly diploid NB are mostly in the stage Ⅳ high-risk group over the age of 18 months, and 2 or more metastases at the time of consultation.The 3-year estimated EFS of 43 children was 18.4%, and the prognosis was worse in the hypodiploid group.