Objective: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms among junior and senior high school students in Beijing from 2019 to 2023, in order to provide a scientific basis for interventions targeting high risk groups. Methods: From 2019 to 2023, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 88 927 junior and senior high school students from 16 districts in Beijing. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) was conducted to assess depressive symptoms. The Chi square test was used to compare the detection rates of depressive symptoms among different student groups, and the trend Chi square test was employed for trend analysis of detection rates across the years. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was applied to examine the association between the detection of depressive symptoms and related factors among junior and senior high school students. Results: From 2019 to 2023, the prevalence rates of depressive symptoms among junior and senior high school students in Beijing were 20.45%, 18.19%, 16.64%, 17.89% and 18.17%, respectively, with an overall downward trend ( χ 2 trend =27.51, P <0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that after adjusting for gender, monitoring year, educational stage,family structure,boarding status and has taken a medical leave of absence in the past year unhealthy dietary behaviors ( OR=1.80, 95%CI =1.73-1.87), physical inactivity ( OR=1.24, 95%CI =1.19-1.29), try smoking ( OR=1.46, 95%CI =1.35-1.58), try alcohol( OR=1.96, 95%CI =1.88-2.05), Internet addiction ( OR=3.88, 95%CI =3.57-4.22), and adverse ear related behavior ( OR=1.82, 95%CI =1.71-1.93) were all associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms among junior and senior high school students (all P <0.05). Conclusions The prevalence depression symptoms among middle school students in Beijing showed a fluctuating downward trend from 2019 to 2023. Targeted interventions should be adopted to reduce the occurrence of depression symptoms among junior and senior high school students.

BackgroundPain is one of the most common physical symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder （MDD）. The high comorbidity rate of MDD and pain aggravates patients' physical and psychological distress， undermines their treatment adherence， and contributes to poor clinical outcomes， posing a critical challenge for the clinical management of MDD. Anxiety symptoms are strongly associated with the pain severity in patients with MDD， yet the underlying mechanisms of the association remain poorly elucidated. Accumulating evidence have indicated that depressive symptoms and pain vigilance and awareness are involved in the modulation of pain perception. Nevertheless， few studies have incorporated these variables into an integrated analytical framework to clarify their parallel mediating effects on the relationship between anxiety symptoms and pain severity. ObjectiveTo explore the mediating pathways linking anxiety symptoms to pain severity via depressive symptoms and pain vigilance and awareness in patients with MDD， so as to provide insights for precise intervention for MDD accompanied by pain symptoms. MethodsA total of 249 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for MDD specified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） were recruited from Beijing Huilongguan Hospital from May to September 2025. Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17）， Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA）， Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire （PVAQ） and Numerical Rating Scale （NRS） were used for assessment. Partial correlation analyses were performed to examine correlations among these variables. Parallel mediating effects were tested using model 4 of the Process macro for SPSS， with depressive symptoms and pain vigilance and awareness as parallel mediators linking anxiety symptoms to pain severity. ResultsA total of 135 patients （54.22%） reported pain， comprising 59 （43.70%） with mild pain， 43 （31.85%） with moderate pain， and 33 （24.45%） with severe pain. Partial correlation analyses revealed significant positive correlations among HAMD-17， HAMA， PVAQ， and NRS scores in patients with MDD （r=0.198–0.424， P<0.05 or 0.01）. Anxiety symptoms positively predicted pain severity， with a direct effect of 0.128 （95% CI： 0.065–0.190）. Both depressive symptoms and pain vigilance and awareness acted as partial mediators linking anxiety symptoms to pain severity. The indirect effects were 0.057 （95% CI： 0.029–0.089） and 0.042 （95% CI： 0.016–0.079）， accounting for 25.22% and 18.58% of the total effect， respectively. ConclusionIn patients with MDD， anxiety symptoms exert a positive predictive effect on pain severity， which is partially mediated through the parallel roles of depressive symptoms and pain vigilance and awareness.

The continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants as well as other potential future coronavirus has challenged the effectiveness of current COVID-19 vaccines. Therefore, there remains a need for alternative antivirals that target processes less susceptible to mutations, such as the formation of six-helix bundle (6-HB) during the viral fusion step of host cell entry. In this study, a novel high-throughput screening (HTS) assay employing a yeast-two-hybrid (Y2H) system was established to identify inhibitors of HR1/HR2 interaction. The compound IMB-9C, which achieved single-digit micromolar inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 and its Omicron variants with low cytotoxicity, was selected. IMB-9C effectively blocks the HR1/HR2 interaction in vitro and inhibits SARS-CoV-2-S-mediated cell-cell fusion. It binds to both HR1 and HR2 through non-covalent interaction and influences the secondary structure of HR1/HR2 complex. In addition, virtual docking and site-mutagenesis results suggest that amino acid residues A930, I931, K933, T941, and L945 are critical for IMB-9C binding to HR1. Collectively, in this study, we have developed a novel screening method for HR1/HR2 interaction inhibitors and identified IMB-9C as a potential antiviral small molecule against COVID-19 and its variants.

Objective: To identify influencing factors associated with the prognosis of sepsis patients receiving blood component transfusion, and to provide a more rational and scientific transfusion strategy for clinical management. Methods: Clinical data of 232 patients with sepsis treated at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between January 2022 and December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were categorized into the transfusion group (n=64) and the non-transfusion group (n=168) based on whether they received transfusions, and the patients in the transfusion group were further divided into non-survivor group (n=26) and survivor group (n=38) based on their survival outcome. Baseline characteristics and clinical characteristics were compared between two groups. Factors impacting the prognosis of sepsis patients undergoing blood component transfusion were identified using logistic regression. Results: Compared to the non-transfusion group, the transfusion group showed significantly higher levels of coagulation indicators (prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, international normalized ratio, D-dimer) and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, interleukin-6), while the level of hemoglobin, platelet, lymphocyte, fibrinogen, albumin, blood glucose, and oxygen saturation were significantly lower (P<0.05). The [M(P , P )] for C-reactive protein (mg/L), hemoglobin (g/L), and platelet count (×10 /L) in the transfusion vs non-transfusion groups were 178.0(156.1-178) vs 102.7(74.0-119.6), 88.5(72.3-113.0) vs 110.5(101-121.8), and 63.0(26.5-156.5) vs 202.5(108.3-286.8), respectively (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that hemoglobin level, platelet count, lactate concentration, and the storage duration of transfused red blood cells were independent risk factors affecting the survival outcomes of sepsis patients receiving transfusions (P<0.05). In septic transfusion patients, the [M(P , P )] lactate concentration (mmol/L) and RBC storage time (d) in the non-survivor vs survivor groups were 3.5(1.9-7.7) vs 2.1(1.3-3.5), 18.0 (13.0-18.0) vs 12.0(9.0-14.0), respectively (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared to non-transfused sepsis patients, those receiving transfusions exhibited poorer baseline conditions, more severe infections, and worse survival outcomes. More importantly, the study found that the timing of transfusion decisions and the quality control of blood products (such as storage duration) may directly impact patient prognosis, providing critical evidence for optimizing transfusion strategies in septicemia patients.

ObjectiveThis study aims to develop a prediction model for the compatibility of Chinese medicinal pairs based on Graph Convolutional Networks （GCN）， named HC-GCN. The model integrates the properties of herbs with modern pharmacological mechanisms to predict pairs with specific therapeutic effects. It serves as a demonstration by applying the model to predict and validate the efficacy of blood-activating herb pairs. MethodsThe training dataset for herb pair prediction was constructed by systematically collecting commonly used herb pairs along with their characteristic data， including Qi， flavor， meridian tropism， and target genes. Integrating traditional characteristics of herb with modern bioinformatics， we developed an efficacy-oriented herb pair compatibility prediction model （HC-GCN） using graph convolutional networks （GCN）. This model leverages machine learning to capture the complex relationships in herb pair compatibility， weighted by efficacy features. The performance of the HC-GCN model was evaluated using accuracy （ACC）， recall， precision， F1 score （F1）， and area under the ROC curve （AUC）. Its predictive effectiveness was then compared to five other machine learning models： eXtreme Gradient Boosting （XGBoost）， logistic regression （LR）， Naive Bayes， K-nearest neighbor （KNN）， and support vector machine （SVM）. ResultsUsing herb pairs with blood-activating effects as a demonstration， a prediction model was constructed based on a foundational dataset of 46 blood-activating herb pairs， incorporating their Qi， flavor， meridian tropism， and target gene characteristics. The HC-GCN model outperforms other commonly used machine learning models in key performance metrics， including ACC， recall， precision， F1 score， and AUC. Through the predictive analysis of the HC-GCN model， 60 herb pairs with blood-activating effects were successfully identified. Among of these potential herb pairs， 44 include at least one herb with blood-activating effects. ConclusionIn this study， we established an efficacy-oriented compatibility prediction model for herb pairs based on GCN by integrating the unique characteristics of traditional herbs with modern pharmacological mechanisms. This model demonstrated high predictive performance， offering a novel approach for the intelligent screening and optimization of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions， as well as their clinical applications.

Objective:To identify the risk factors of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in postoperative renal transplantation recipients by Meta-analysis, and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical staff to develop early VTE prevention strategies.Methods:PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP database, Wanfang database and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were searched to collect the studies on the risk factors of postoperative VTE in kidney transplant recipients. The search period was from the establishment of the database to March 10, 2024. After literature screening, data extraction and quality evaluation were conducted independently by two researchers, Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 15 literatures with 20 influencing factors were included. Meta-analysis showed that age ( MD = 6.36, 95% CI 2.56-10.17, P<0.05), body mass index ( MD = 1.83, 95% CI 0.15-3.50, P<0.05), VTE history ( OR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.08-3.86, P<0.05), blood transfusion history ( OR = 3.77, 95% CI 2.43-5.83, P<0.05), glomerular filtration rate ( MD = -5.54, 95% CI -9.93 - -0.91, P<0.05), donor age ( MD = 3.18, 95% CI 1.10-5.25, P<0.05), combination of malignant tumor ( OR = 2.87, 95% CI 1.45-5.68, P<0.05), end-stage renal disease as polycystic kidney disease ( OR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.39-2.22, P<0.05), and interstitial nephritis ( OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.06-2.40, P<0.05) were the influencing factors for postoperative VTE in renal transplant recipients. Conclusions:Clinical medical staff should actively identify high-risk groups for VTE after kidney transplantation by considering the 8 influencing factors determined by this study, and take targeted measures early to reduce the risk of postoperative VTE.

Objective To evaluate the effect of sodium hypochlorite and Ultra Clean on root canal cleaning and dentin structure.Methods A total of 129 single canal isolated teeth were collected and root canal was prepared to M # with Waveone Gold nickel titani-um file.After preparation,they were divided into 3 groups by random number table according to irrigant:group A sodium hypochlorite+normal saline,group B sodium hypochlorite+EDTA,and group C sodium hypochlorite+Ultra Clean.The dye was stained with 1％methylene blue solution,and the penetration depth and range of the dye solution were observed under a type microscope.The removal of debris and stain layer in the root canal was observed by digital camera and scanning electron microscope.The change of dentin micro-structure was analyzed by Fourier infrared spectrometer.Results In the upper middle part of the root canal,the penetration depth and range of group C were greater than those of groups A and B(P＜0.05);the percentage of debris in group C was lower than that of groups A and B(P＜0.05),and the stain layer score in groups B and C was lower than that of group A(P＜0.05).In the lower root ca-nal segment,groups B and C were superior to group A in the evaluation of permeability,debris and stain removal(P＜0.05).The demineralization ability and exposure of dentin collagen fiber in group C were higher than those in group A and blank group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Sodium hypochlorite combined with Ultra Clean is considered to have good cleaning effect and strong demineralization ability,but it may slightly increase the exposure of organic matter such as collagen fiber.

In order to solve the problems of difficult test, high cost and long cycle in the development of large-scale airborne negative pressure isolation system, the simulation analysis of negative pressure response characteristics is carried out around various aviation conditions such as aircraft ascending, leveling and descending, especially rapid decompression, based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The results showed that the isolation cabin could achieve -50 Pa pressure difference environment and form a certain pressure gradient. The exhaust air volume reached the maximum value in the early stage of the aircraft's ascent, and gradually decreased with the increase of altitude until it was level flying. In the process of aircraft descent, the exhaust fan could theoretically maintain a pressure difference far below -50 Pa without working; Under the special condition of rapid pressure loss, it was difficult to deal with the rapid change of low pressure only by the exhaust fan, so it was necessary to design safety valve and other anti-leakage measures in the isolation cabin structure. Therefore, the initial stage of aircraft ascent is the key stage for the adjustment and control of the negative pressure isolation system. By controlling the exhaust air volume and adjusting parameters, it can adapt to the change of low pressure under normal flight conditions, form a relatively stable negative pressure environment, and meet the needs of biological control, isolation and transport.
Aircraft ; Computer Simulation ; Aviation/instrumentation* ; Humans ; Hydrodynamics ; Air Pressure ; Equipment Design ; Pressure

Objective:To investigate the effect of nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 2(NR2F2)on the biological behaviors of human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells,and to clarify its molecular mechauism and provide the new idea for treatment of ovarian cancer.Methods:Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis(GEPIA)Database analyse the expression level of NR2F2 gene in ovarian tissue,and analyse its correlation with clinical prognosis of ovarian cancer patients.The human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells were divided into control group and NR2F2 over-expression(NR2F2 OE)group,which were transfected with mCherry control virus and NR2F2 OE over-expression virus,respectively,when the cell deusity reached 70％,and the stable transfection SKOV3 cell lines were screened with puromycin(puro)48h lafter.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)and Western blotting methods were used to detect the transfection efficiencies of the cells;RT-qPCR method was used to detect the expression levels of NR2F2 and sex-determining region Y-box 2(SOX2)mRNA in the cells in two groups;Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of NR2F2,ATP-binding cassette superfamily G member 2(ABCG2),and programmed cell death 1-ligand 1(PD-L1)protcins in the cells in two groups.CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation activities of the cells in two groups;Wound assay was used to detect the migration rates of the cells in two groups;Transwell chamber assay was used to detect the number of transmembrane cells;Spheroidization assay was used to detect the numbers of spheroids in the cells;peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)-mediated tumor cell killing assay was used to detect the relative densities of surviving tumor cells;CCK-8 assay was used to detect the half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)of paclitaxel(PTX)and carboplatin(CBP).Results:Compared with normal ovarian tissue,the expression level of NR2F2 gene in ovarian tumor tissue was decreased(P＜0.05),and decreased with the improvement of clinical pathological grading of ovarian tumor.The patients with higher expression level of NR2F2 gene had better clincal prognosis.The SKOV3 cells with NR2F2 over-expresson were successfully constructed,and the expression levels of NR2F2 mRNA and protein in the cells in NR2F2 OE group were increased compared with control group(P＜0.001).The CCK-8 assay results showed that compared with control group,the proliferation activities of the cells in NR2F2 OE group were decreased at different time points(1,2,3,and 4 d)(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The cell wound assay results showed that compared with control group,the migration rate of the cells in NR2F2 OE group was decreased(P＜0.001).The Transwell assay results showed that compared with control group,the number of transmembrane cells in NR2F2 OE group was decreased(P＜0.01).Compared with control group,the number of the spheroids in NR2F2 OE group was decreased(P＜0.05),and the expression levels of SOX2 mRNA(P＜0.01)and protein(P＜0.001)were increased.Compared with control group,the relative density of surviving tumor cells in NR2F2 OE group was decreased,but the difference was not significant(P＜0.05),and the expression level of PD-L1 protein was decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with control group,the proliferation activities of cells in NR2F2 OE group were decreased(P＜0.05),and the drug sensitivities of the cells to PTX and CBP were enhanced(P＜0.05);the IC50 of PTX was significantly reduced,while the IC50of CBP could not be calculated due to excessively high drug concentration;the expression level of ABCG2 protein was decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The over-expression of NR2F2 may inhibit the proliferation,migration,and invasion of the human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells,decrease the expression levels of SOX2,PD-L1 and ABCG2 proteins,suppress the stemness and immune evasion ability of the SKOV3 cells,and enhance the sensitivities of the SKOV3 cells to PTX and CBP.

The Hedgehog(HH)signaling pathway is involved in various developmental processes of vertebrates and invertebrates,including embryogenesis,stem cell renewal,tissue regeneration,the occurrence and development of tumor and chemotherapy resistance.Overactivation and abnormal expression of key components in the HH signaling pathway are associated with the development of various malignant tumors.Phosphorylation plays an important role in regulating the activity and function of proteins in normal cells,and the disorder of phosphorylation-dephosphorylation cascade is closely related to tumorigenesis.The abnormal activation of this signaling pathway is also related to protein phosphorylation,while its complex underlying mechanism needs to be further explored.This article reviewed the research progress of the HH signaling pathway and protein phosphorylation modification in malignant tumors,focusing on the regulatory effect of phosphorylation modification on the activity of HH signaling pathway and its effect on the occurrence and development of malignant tumors,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the in-depth development and clinical application of targeted drugs for phosphatase/dephosphatase.