This study aims to explore the specific mechanism by which puerarin inhibits ferroptosis and improves the myocardial contractile function in myocardial hypertrophy through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/antioxidant response element(ARE)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) signaling pathway. The hypertrophic cardiomyocyte model was established using phenylephrine, and H9c2 cells were divided into control group, model group, puerarin group, and puerarin+ML385 group. Cell viability and surface area were detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) and immunofluorescence experiments. The mitochondrial membrane potential and Ca~(2+) concentration were measured. The ferroptosis-related indicators were detected by biochemical and fluorescence staining methods. The expression of proteins related to ferroptosis and the Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 signaling pathway was detected by Western blot. A myocardial hypertrophy model was established, and 40 rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group, puerarin group, and puerarin+Nrf2 inhibitor(ML385) group, with 10 rats in each group. Echocardiogram, hemodynamic parameters, and myocardial hypertrophy parameters were measured. Histopathological changes of myocardial tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining and Masson staining. Biochemical methods, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), and fluorescence staining were used to detect inflammatory factors and ferroptosis-related indicators. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of proteins related to ferroptosis and the Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 signaling pathway. Cell experiments showed that puerarin intervention significantly enhanced the viability of hypertrophic cardiomyocytes, reduced their surface area, and restored mitochondrial membrane potential and Ca~(2+) homeostasis. Mechanism studies revealed that puerarin promoted Nrf2 nuclear translocation, upregulated the expression of HO-1, solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11), and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4), and decreased malondialdehyde(MDA), reactive oxygen species(ROS), and iron levels. These protective effects were reversed by ML385. In animal experiments, puerarin improved cardiac function in rats with myocardial hypertrophy, alleviated myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis, inhibited inflammatory responses and ferroptosis, and promoted nuclear Nrf2 translocation and HO-1 expression. However, combined intervention with ML385 led to deterioration of hemodynamics and a rebound in ferroptosis marker levels. In conclusion, puerarin may inhibit cardiomyocyte ferroptosis through the Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 signaling pathway, thereby improving myocardial contractile function in myocardial hypertrophy.
Animals ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics* ; Rats ; Ferroptosis/drug effects* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Isoflavones/pharmacology* ; Male ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Cardiomegaly/genetics* ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism* ; Antioxidant Response Elements/drug effects* ; Myocardial Contraction/drug effects* ; Heme Oxygenase-1/genetics* ; Cell Line

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of acupuncture on the neurotransmitter levels and gut microbiota in a mouse model of Tourette syndrome (TS). METHODS: Thirty-six male C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups using a random number table method: 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) group, control group, acupuncture group, and tiapride group, with 9 mice in each group. In the IDPN group, acupuncture group, and tiapride group, mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of IDPN (300 mg/kg body weight) for 7 consecutive days to induce stereotyped behaviors. Subsequently, in the acupuncture intervention group, standardized acupuncture treatment was administered for 14 consecutive days to IDPN-induced TS model mice. The selected acupoints included Baihui (DU 20), Yintang (DU 29), Waiguan (SJ 5), and Zulinqi (GB 41). In the tiapride group, mice were administered tiapride (50 mg/kg body weight) via oral gavage daily for 14 consecutive days. The control group, IDPN group, and acupuncture group received the same volume of saline orally for 14 consecutive days. Stereotypic behaviors were quantified through behavioral assessments. Neurotransmitter levels, including dopamine (DA), glutamate (Glu), and aspartate (ASP) in striatal tissue were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Dopamine transporter (DAT) expression levels were additionally quantified through quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Gut microbial composition was analyzed through 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, while metabolic profiling was conducted using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). RESULTS: Acupuncture administration significantly attenuated stereotypic behaviors, concurrently reducing striatal levels of DA, Glu and ASP concentrations while upregulating DAT expression compared with untreated TS controls (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Comparative analysis identified significant differences in Muribaculaceae (P=0.001), Oscillospiraceae (P=0.049), Desulfovibrionaceae (P=0.001), and Marinifilaceae (P=0.014) following acupuncture intervention. Metabolomic profiling revealed alterations in 7 metabolites and 18 metabolic pathways when compared to the TS mice, which involved various amino acid metabolisms associated with DA, Glu, and ASP. CONCLUSIONS Acupuncture demonstrates significant modulatory effects on both central neurotransmitter systems and gut microbial ecology, thereby highlighting its dual therapeutic potential for TS management through gut-brain axis regulation.
Animals ; Tourette Syndrome/metabolism* ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism* ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice

With the rapid development of competitive sports, the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is on the rise. Such injuries may shorten athletes′ career and lead to other long-term adverse consequences. Although athletes generally recover well after ACL reconstruction, many still struggle to return to their pre-injury performance levels. Advances in the understanding of ACL anatomy and injury mechanisms, along with the evolution of surgical techniques and rehabilitation methods, have provided more individualized and tailored options for athletes following ACL injuries. However, there is currently no consensus in China regarding surgical and rehabilitation strategies for competitive athletes aiming to return to sports after ACL injuries. To this end, the Sports Medicine Committee of the Chinese Research Hospital Association and the Editorial Board of the Chinese Journal of Trauma jointly formulated the Expert consensus on surgical treatment and rehabilitation for competitive sports athletes returning to sports after anterior cruciate ligament injury ( version 2025), and presented 14 recommendations covering surgical indications, preoperative rehabilitation, surgical timing, surgical strategies and postoperative rehabilitation strategies, aiming to improve the surgical treatment and rehabilitation system for ACL injuries in competitive athletes and facilitate their return to high-level sports performance after injury.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of serum microRNA(miRNA)-143-3p and miR-188-5p levels for poor prognosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI)after thrombolysis.Methods From February 2022 to February 2024,121 patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI)who visited the hospital(all treated with thrombolysis)were selected as the study group.They were assigned into mild and moderate to severe groups based on the severity of their condition.They were into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group based on their postoperative condition.In addition,another 121 healthy individuals who underwent physical check ups during the same period were as the control group.The qRT-PCR method was applied to detect the expression levels of miR-143-3p and miR-188-5p.Pearson correlation was applied to analyze the correlation between serum miR-143-3p,miR-188-5p and NIHSS score.The influencing factors of poor prognosis in ACI patients after throm-bolysis were analyzed using multiple logistic regression.ROC curve was plotted to analyze the predictive value of serum miR-143-3p and miR-188-5p for poor prognosis after thrombolysis in ACI patients.Results The serum miR-143-3p level in the study group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the miR-188-5p level was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);The serum miR-143-3p and NIHSS score in the mild,moderate and severe groups were increased in turn,and the level of miR-188-5p was decreased in turn(P<0.05);Serum miR-143-3p was negatively correlated with miR-188-5p(P<0.05);Diabetes,time from onset to throm-bolysis,NIHSS score at admission,miR-143-3p and miR-143-3p were the influencing factors of poor prognosis in ACI patients after thrombolysis;The AUC of the joint of serum miR-143-3p and miR-188-5p in predicting poor prognosis after thrombolysis in ACI patients was 0.871,and the joint of the two was better than their individual predictions(Z=2.683,2.703,P<0.05).Conclusions The level of serum miR-143-3p in ACI patients is significantly increased,and the level of serum miR-188-5p is significantly decreased,which is a poor prognostic factor for ACI patients after thrombolysis.The combination of the two has higher diagnostic value.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of serum microRNA(miRNA)-143-3p and miR-188-5p levels for poor prognosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI)after thrombolysis.Methods From February 2022 to February 2024,121 patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI)who visited the hospital(all treated with thrombolysis)were selected as the study group.They were assigned into mild and moderate to severe groups based on the severity of their condition.They were into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group based on their postoperative condition.In addition,another 121 healthy individuals who underwent physical check ups during the same period were as the control group.The qRT-PCR method was applied to detect the expression levels of miR-143-3p and miR-188-5p.Pearson correlation was applied to analyze the correlation between serum miR-143-3p,miR-188-5p and NIHSS score.The influencing factors of poor prognosis in ACI patients after throm-bolysis were analyzed using multiple logistic regression.ROC curve was plotted to analyze the predictive value of serum miR-143-3p and miR-188-5p for poor prognosis after thrombolysis in ACI patients.Results The serum miR-143-3p level in the study group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the miR-188-5p level was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);The serum miR-143-3p and NIHSS score in the mild,moderate and severe groups were increased in turn,and the level of miR-188-5p was decreased in turn(P<0.05);Serum miR-143-3p was negatively correlated with miR-188-5p(P<0.05);Diabetes,time from onset to throm-bolysis,NIHSS score at admission,miR-143-3p and miR-143-3p were the influencing factors of poor prognosis in ACI patients after thrombolysis;The AUC of the joint of serum miR-143-3p and miR-188-5p in predicting poor prognosis after thrombolysis in ACI patients was 0.871,and the joint of the two was better than their individual predictions(Z=2.683,2.703,P<0.05).Conclusions The level of serum miR-143-3p in ACI patients is significantly increased,and the level of serum miR-188-5p is significantly decreased,which is a poor prognostic factor for ACI patients after thrombolysis.The combination of the two has higher diagnostic value.

With the rapid development of competitive sports, the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is on the rise. Such injuries may shorten athletes′ career and lead to other long-term adverse consequences. Although athletes generally recover well after ACL reconstruction, many still struggle to return to their pre-injury performance levels. Advances in the understanding of ACL anatomy and injury mechanisms, along with the evolution of surgical techniques and rehabilitation methods, have provided more individualized and tailored options for athletes following ACL injuries. However, there is currently no consensus in China regarding surgical and rehabilitation strategies for competitive athletes aiming to return to sports after ACL injuries. To this end, the Sports Medicine Committee of the Chinese Research Hospital Association and the Editorial Board of the Chinese Journal of Trauma jointly formulated the Expert consensus on surgical treatment and rehabilitation for competitive sports athletes returning to sports after anterior cruciate ligament injury ( version 2025), and presented 14 recommendations covering surgical indications, preoperative rehabilitation, surgical timing, surgical strategies and postoperative rehabilitation strategies, aiming to improve the surgical treatment and rehabilitation system for ACL injuries in competitive athletes and facilitate their return to high-level sports performance after injury.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective To investigate the intervention mechanism of Shenqi Yiliu Prescription in a rat model of precancerous lesions of gastric carcinoma(PLGC)based on transcriptomics.Methods A PLGC rat model was constructed using composite factor modeling method.Rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,folic acid group(0.002 g/kg),and Shenqi Yiliu Prescription high-,medium-and low-dosage groups(39.6,19.8 and 9.9 g/kg),with 10 rats in each group.They were given corresponding solutions for gavage for 90 consecutive days.The general condition of rats was observed,HE staining was used to observe the morphology gastric mucosa,immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of PCNA protein in gastric tissue,transcriptomics obtains differentially expressed mRNA in gastric tissue and enriches differentially expressed pathways,ELISA was used to detect the contents of Bcl-xL,C-myc and Cyclin D1 in gastric tissue,RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of Bcl-xL,C-myc and Cyclin D1 mRNA in gastric tissue,Western blot was used to detect the expressions of IL-6,JAK2,STAT3,p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 protein in gastric tissue.Results Compared with the blank group,rats in the model group showed decreased body mass(P<0.05),with structural disorders of the gastric mucosa,the expression of PCNA protein in gastric tissue increased(P<0.05),the contents and mRNA expression Bcl-xL,C-myc and Cyclin D1 in gastric tissue significantly increased(P<0.05),the expression of IL-6,JAK2,STAT3,p-JAK2,p-STAT3 protein significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the body mass of rats in Shenqi Yiliu Prescription high-and medium-dosage groups increased to varying degrees(P<0.05),the abnormal morphology of the gastric mucosa were improved to different degrees,and the expression of PCNA protein in Shenqi Yiliu Prescription high-,medium-and low-dosage groups significantly decreased(P<0.05).The results of transcriptomics experiments confirmed that the JAK-STAT signalling pathway showed significant differences between the blank group and model group,as well as the model group and Shenqi Yiliu Prescription high-dosage group.The content and mRNA expression of Bcl-xL,C-myc and Cyclin D1 in gastric tissue of Shenqi Yiliu Prescription high-and medium-dosage groups significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the protein expression of IL-6,JAK2,STAT3,p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion Shenqi Yiliu Prescription can improve the abnormal morphology of gastric mucosa in PLGC model rats,and its mechanism is related to regulating the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway,thereby inhibiting cell proliferation.