Although symptomatic treatment is widely applied in clinical practice， it is often regarded as a relatively low-level therapeutic method. Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） state theory， the macroscopic， mesoscopic， and microscopic characterization parameters of TCM symptomatology are horizontally integrated， the full life cycle of states （pre-disease， incipient disease， manifest disease， post-disease） is vertically covered， and the cognitive system of "symptoms" is reconstructed from multiple dimensions. Accordingly， the application approach of symptomatic treatment at different state stages is proposed： implementing preventive intervention in the pre-disease state， strengthening the interception of disease progression in the incipient disease state， regulating dynamic development and treatment in the manifest disease state， and formulating a staged diagnosis and treatment strategy which focuses on functional rehabilitation in the post-disease state.

Objectives:To investigate the effect of inhibition of long non-coding RNA(lnc RNA)in human metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1(MALAT1)on glycolipitoxicity-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell dysfunction. Methods:Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were treated with glucose and palmitic acid in vitro to establish the glycolipitoxic endothelial cell models.Following groups were examined:control group,high-glucose and high-fat group,high-glucose and high-fat + non-targeting RAN control group,high-glucose and high-lipid+MALAT1 siRNA group,and high-glucose and high-lipid+MAPK1 siRNA group.RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of MALAT1 and MAPK1.Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of autophagy,mitochondrial fusion division,apoptosis,and pathway-related proteins.Immunofluorescence confocal localization was used to detect the fluorescence colocalization of autophagy and lysosome-related proteins.The number of autophagolysosomes in endothelial cells was observed by transmission electron microscopy.Mitochondrial probe staining was used to detect mitochondrial morphology,immunofluorescence was used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)production,flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of cells in each group,cell proliferation and scratch assays were used to detect the proliferation and migration ability of cells in different groups at different time points.The angiogenesis was quantified by counting the number of new blood vessels in each group. Results:Compared with the control group,the expression of lncRNA MALAT1 mRNA and the expression of phosphorylated mito-activated protein kinase 1(p-MAPK1)were upregulated(both P＜0.05)and the expression of phosphorylated mammalian target protein(p-mTOR)was downregulated in the high-glucose and high-fat group and the high-sugar and high-fat control group(all P＜0.01).Compared with the high-glucose and high-fat non-targeting RNA control group,the expressions of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3(LC3)and p62 were downregulated(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),LC3 and lysosome-associated membrane protein 2(LAMP2)protein co-localized positive fluorescence particles were increased(both P＜0.01),number of lysosomes were decreased,the expression of ROS was decreased(P＜0.01),the expression level of mitochondrial fusion protein optic nerve atrophin 1(OPA1)was increased(P＜0.05),the expressions of cleaved caspase-3 and BCL-2-related X protein(BAX)were decreased and BCL-2 was increased(all P＜0.05),cell proliferation,migration,and tube-forming ability were increased(all P＜0.01),and the expression of p-MAPK1 was decreased(P＜0.05)and p-mTOR expression was increased(both P＜0.05)in the high-glucose and high-lipid+si-MALAT1 group.Compared with the high-glucose and high-fat non-targeting RNA control group,the expression of p-MAPK1 in endothelial cells was decreased and the expression of p-mTOR was increased in the high-glucose and high-lipid+si-MAPK1 group(both P＜0.01). Conclusions:Inhibition of lncRNA MALAT1 expression can reduce the level of mitophagy in glycolipidotoxic environments,reduce apoptosis of endothelial cells and improve endothelial cell function,which may be related to the regulation of MAPK1/mTOR signaling pathway.

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a series of complex challenges. COVID-19 in children and adolescents is generally less severe than in adults and the elderly; however, some children and adolescents may experience severe complications and adverse health effects even after mild or asymptomatic COVID-19 infections. The article focuses on gathering the epidemic characteristics, health impact, risk factors, prevention and control measures, and vaccination status of children and adolescents with COVID-19 infection to provide recommendations for protecting children and adolescents in the post COVID-19 era.

As a Chinese saying goes， "good Chinese medicinal material makes good medicine"， the quality of Chinese herbal medicines is related to the development prospect of Chinese medicine industry in China. With the rapid development of new technologies such as traceability methods and monitoring instruments， it is imperative to integrate and innovate traditional Chinese herbal medicines with new-generation information technology in view of the quality problems existing in the current production and circulation of Chinese herbal medicines， and it is of great significance for the construction of traceability system to ensure the quality and safety of Chinese herbal medicines and to promote the industry of Chinese herbal medicines to move towards high-quality development. This paper reviews the development history of the traceability system of Chinese herbal medicines in China， takes the influencing factors of the quality of Chinese herbal medicines as the entry point， and proposes that the construction of the traceability system should satisfy the traceability requirements of the characteristics of Chinese herbal medicines and their traditional medication experience. By analyzing the influencing factors of the quality of Chinese herbal medicines， it is pointed out that focusing on the influencing factors to build a traceability system is of great significance for targeting the problematic links at a later stage and exploring the interrelationship between environmental factors and the quality of Chinese herbal medicines. Based on the previous explorations， the author summarizes the system framework， functional modules and practical applications of the traceability system of Chinese herbal medicines， and looks forward to the development of a traceability system with risk early warning function and expert decision-making function in its functional development. Finally， based on the factors affecting the quality of Chinese herbal medicines， the author puts forward several thoughts on construction of the traceability system， and makes an in-depth analysis and puts forward a solution for the current situation that a unified， standardized and universal traceability system has not yet been built， with a view to providing ideas and references for the construction of traceability system of Chinese herbal medicines.

The histopathological growth patterns (HGPs) of colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis reflect the complicated and varied interactions between tumor cells and host microenvironment. Exploring the tumor vascular and immunological features of HGPs, the relationship between HGPs and anti-tumor treatment efficacy, and HGPs prediction methods may have potential clinical aplication value for making optimal treatment strategies, evaluating patients' prognosis, and monitoring disease progression.

TCM functional exercises are the important means of TCM to prevent and cure diseases. By adjusting the bones and muscles externally, adjusting the heart and organs internally, promoting blood circulation, improving sleep disorders, enhancing metabolism and immune capacity, the aim of preventing and treating diseases, prolonging life span, and strengthening the body is achieved. TCM exercises have a significant effect on the treatment of various types of fatigue such as chronic fatigue syndrome, Exercise-induced fatigue, post-stroke fatigue, and cancer-related fatigue.

The essence of asymptomatic syndrome differenciation is that the disease is in a special stage or state. To perform traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） diagnosis when there was no symptoms for differentiation is a key scientific issue in current TCM diagnosis and treatment. The reasons include limitations in doctor-patient behaviors and relationships， as well as limitations in cognitive thinking. To address such situations， the following strategies can be adopted from a thinking perspective，i.e. grasping the occurrence and development of diseases based on a holistic concept， using dialectical thinking to summarize the laws of diseases， integrating clinical practice with experiential thinking， and introducing new thinking modes through interdisciplinary collaboration. These strategies help TCM practitioners make accurate diagnoses in the absence of obvious symptoms， thereby providing better medical services for patients.

Standardized patient (SP) has been widely used for medical teaching and assessment in medical colleges at home and abroad. Pediatric consultations are mostly directed toward parents, so in pediatric education, SP is usually referred to as standardized family (Sfam), which is trained to portray the patient's family members. At present, the development of Sfam in pediatric teaching in China is relatively slow. Based on the characteristics of pediatric teaching, the paper summarizes the necessity of Sfam, the application of different types of Sfam, the integration of Sfam with other clinical teaching methods, and the value of Sfam in pediatric teaching, and also discusses the future direction and prospects of Sfam combined with artificial intelligence in pediatric teaching. After years of development, Sfam has been proved to be an effective teaching model. We hope this paper can help more pediatric clinical educators gain a deeper understanding of the Sfam teaching method, and promote the application of Sfam in pediatric teaching to maximize its role in advancing the development of pediatric education.

Objective:To study the epidemic characteristics of human brucellosis in Yunnan Province, and to provide a reliable scientific basis for formulating accurate prevention and control strategies of brucellosis.Methods:The epidemic data of human brucellosis in Yunnan Province from January 2019 to December 2021 were collected from the information system of the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as annual monitoring data on brucellosis reported by various states (municipalities) in Yunnan Province. Descriptive epidemiological methods were adopted to analyze the epidemic situation, distribution characteristics (time, region, population), and serological and pathogenic monitoring results of brucellosis.Results:From 2019 to 2021, 1 408 cases of brucellosis were reported in Yunnan Province, with an average annual incidence of 1.00/100 000. The number of cases increased from 321 in 2019 to 701 in 2021, and the incidence increased from 0.68/100 000 in 2019 to 1.50/100 000 in 2021. The onset time was mainly from April to September (857 cases). The top 3 regions with the highest number of reported cases were Kunming City (483 cases), Qujing City (379 cases), and Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture (281 cases), accounting for 81.18% (1 143/1 408) of the total number of cases. The age of onset was mainly 20 - < 70 years old, accounting for 89.70% (1 263/1 408). There were 958 males and 450 females, with a sex ratio of 2.13 ∶ 1.00. Farmers were the main occupation, accounting for 84.02% (1 183/1 408). From 2019 to 2021, a total of 26 280 serum samples from key populations of brucellosis were monitored in Yunnan Province, with 572 positive serological tests and a positive rate of 2.18% (572/26 280). A total of 169 strains of Brucella were isolated from blood samples from hospitals throughout the province, including 155 strains of sheep type 3 and 14 strains of sheep type 1. Conclusions:From 2019 to 2021, the incidence of human brucellosis in Yunnan Province has been on the rise, with a high incidence in summer and autumn. The main population affected is young and middle-aged male farmers. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen disease monitoring and health education for key populations during the high incidence season.

In the context of the complex and ever-changing spectrum of diseases, the traditional Chinese medicine compatibility of prescription and drugs is no longer able to fully meet the needs of clinical diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, this article is based on the diagnosis and treatment model of the combination of disease, syndrome, and symptom, combined with the development achievements of Western medicine, and explores the principles of formulating traditional prescriptions based on the combination of chief, deputy, assistant, and envoy. This article proposes a formulation principle of composing prescriptions with the diagnosis of syndrome as the chief, the diagnosis of disease as the deputy, the treatment of symptoms as the assistant, and the harmonization of medicine as the envoy. This forms a treatment plan with the core link of syndrome differentiation and treatment, disease differentiation and treatment, symptomatic treatment, detoxification, and efficacy enhancement. The purpose of this article is to address the current clinical challenges such as an increasing disease spectrum and the complexity of syndrome patterns and symptom clusters. It aims to provide new insights into traditional Chinese medicine clinical treatment plans and herbal formulation strategies, with the ultimate goal of improving the clinical effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine.