The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of resistance combined with aerobic chrono-exercise on the common carotid artery elasticity and hemodynamics. 24 healthy young men (21.96±0.43 years old) underwent a single acute resistance combined with aerobic exercise intervention at eight time periods (6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 o'clock). The axial flow velocity and diameter waveforms of the common carotid artery were measured, and the hemodynamics were calculated using the classical hemodynamic theory before exercise, immediately after exercise, 10 min and 20 min after exercise. The results showed that during exercise recovery, systolic and mean pressures decreased more markedly after exercise at 8 o'clock (P < 0.05); At 20 min post-exercise, arterial stiffness index and pressure-strain elastic modulus after exercise at 6 o'clock were reduced compared with the resting state, but were significantly elevated after exercise at 20 o'clock (P < 0.05). Immediately after exercise, the pressure rise was higher after exercise at 6 o'clock and the mean wall shear stress was higher after exercise at 20 o'clock (P < 0.05). These results suggest that resistance combined with aerobic chrono-exercise produces different effects on common carotid artery hemodynamics in young men. A single acute session of resistance combined with aerobic exercise at 8 o'clock is more effective in lowering blood pressure. Exercise at 6 o'clock is beneficial to improve arterial elasticity but is not recommended for young male individuals with cardiovascular disease risks because of the excessive increase in blood pressure immediately after exercise. Exercise at 20 o'clock is more effective in improving wall shear stress but is accompanied by elevated arterial stiffness indices and pressure-strain elastic modulus. These results provide a scientific basis for healthy young men in choosing the time of exercise by exploring the common carotid artery elasticity and hemodynamic-related indices.
Humans ; Male ; Young Adult ; Exercise/physiology* ; Carotid Artery, Common/physiology* ; Hemodynamics/physiology* ; Vascular Stiffness/physiology* ; Elasticity ; Resistance Training ; Adult

This study explored the prescription pattern of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in the treatment of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH), so as to provide a relevant theoretical basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of hypertensive LVH. The study systematically searched the databases of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed to screen out the qualified literature on TCM treatment of hypertensive LVH and used Microsoft Excel 2021 to establish the relevant prescription database. It also counted the frequency, property, flavor, and meridian affiliation of TCM in the prescriptions and classified their efficacy. The study used Lantern 5.0 and Rstudio software to analyze the hidden structural models and association rules of the high-frequency TCM with a frequency of >3.50% and adopted Origin 2024 software to visualize the data, so as to explore the prescription pattern of TCM in treating hypertensive LVH. The results showed that a total of 128 TCM prescriptions were included, involving 163 TCM with a total frequency of 1 242. The high-frequency TCM included Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis, Gastrodiae Rhizoma, Poria, and Chuanxiong Rhizoma, with the main efficacy from blood-activating and stasis-resolving herbs, tonic herbs, and liver-calming and wind-extinguishing herbs. The latent structure analysis(LSA) identified 10 latent variables, 20 latent classes, 7 comprehensive clustering models, and 23 core prescriptions. It was speculated that the common syndromes of hypertensive LVH included blood stasis obstructing the collaterals, ascending hyperactivity of liver Yang, Yin deficiency with Yang hyperactivity, and intermingled phlegm and blood stasis. The association rule analysis yielded 33 strong association rules, with the highest comprehensive association rule being Gastrodiae Rhizoma→Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis. Hypertensive LVH is characterized by asthenia in origin and asthenia in superficiality, with Yin deficiency and Qi deficiency as the origin and blood stasis and phlegm as the superficiality. Clinical treatment focuses on activating blood circulation, resolving stasis, tonifying Qi, and nourishing Yin, combined with syndrome-specific therapies such as calming wind and stopping convulsions, clearing heat, eliminating dampness and resolving phlegm, and promoting diuresis and reducing swelling.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Data Mining ; Humans ; Hypertension/complications* ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Drug Prescriptions

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Patients with glioma experience a high symptom burden and have diverse palliative care needs. However, the assessment scales used in palliative care remain non-standardized and highly heterogeneous. To evaluate the application patterns of the current scales used in palliative care for glioma, we aim to identify gaps and assess the need for disease-specific scales in glioma palliative care. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of five databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, EMBASE, and CINAHL for quantitative studies that reported scale-based assessments in glioma palliative care. We extracted data on scale characteristics, domains, frequency, and psychometric properties. Quality assessments were performed using the Cochrane ROB 2.0 and ROBINS-I tools. RESULTS: Of the 3,405 records initially identified, 72 studies were included. These studies contained 75 distinct scales that were used 193 times. Mood (21.7%), quality of life (24.4%), and supportive care needs (5.2%) assessments were the most frequently assessed items, exceeding half of all scale applications. Among the various assessment dimensions, the Distress Thermometer (DT) was the most frequently used tool for assessing mood, while the Short Form-36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36) was the most frequently used tool for assessing quality of life. The Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) was the most common tool for cognitive assessment. Performance status (5.2%) and social support (6.8%) were underrepresented. Only three brain tumor-specific scales were identified. Caregiver-focused scales were limited and predominantly burden-oriented. CONCLUSIONS: There are significant heterogeneity, domain imbalances, and validation gaps in the current use of assessment scales for patients with glioma receiving palliative care. The scale selected for use should be comprehensive and user-friendly.
Humans ; Glioma/psychology* ; Palliative Care/methods* ; Quality of Life ; Psychometrics ; Brain Neoplasms/psychology*

Objective： The aim of this study is to explore the predictive value of biparametric magnetic resonance imaging(bpMRI)for pelvic lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer patients with PSA≤20 μg/L and establish a nomogram. Methods： The imaging data and clinical data of 363 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from July 2018 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to screen independent risk factors for pelvic lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer, and a nomogram of the clinical prediction model was established. Calibration curves were drawn to evaluate the accuracy of the model. Results： Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed extrocapusular extension (OR=8.08,95%CI=2.62－24.97, P<0.01), enlargement of pelvic lymph nodes (OR=4.45,95%CI=1.16－17.11,P=0.030), and biopsy ISUP grade(OR=1.97,95%CI=1.12－3.46, P=0.018)were independent risk factors for pelvic lymph node metastasis. The C-index of the prediction model was 0.834, which indicated that the model had a good prediction ability. The actual value of the model calibration curve and the prediction probability of the model fitted well, indicating that the model had a good accuracy. Further analysis of DCA curve showed that the model had good clinical application value when the risk threshold ranged from 0.05 to 0.70.Conclusion： For prostate cancer patients with PSA≤20 μg/L, bpMRI has a good predictive value for the pelvic lymph node metastasis of prostate cancer with extrocapusular extension, enlargement of pelvic lymph nodes and ISUP grade≥4.
Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging* ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Retrospective Studies ; Nomograms ; Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood* ; Lymph Nodes/pathology* ; Pelvis ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prostatectomy ; Lymph Node Excision ; Risk Factors ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Logistic Models ; Middle Aged ; Aged

The prevalence of Class III malocclusion varies among different countries and regions. The populations from Southeast Asian countries (Chinese and Malaysian) showed the highest prevalence rate of 15.8%, which can seriously affect oral function, facial appearance, and mental health. As anterior crossbite tends to worsen with growth, early orthodontic treatment can harness growth potential to normalize maxillofacial development or reduce skeletal malformation severity, thereby reducing the difficulty and shortening the treatment cycle of later-stage treatment. This is beneficial for the physical and mental growth of children. Therefore, early orthodontic treatment for Class III malocclusion is particularly important. Determining the optimal timing for early orthodontic treatment requires a comprehensive assessment of clinical manifestations, dental age, and skeletal age, and can lead to better results with less effort. Currently, standardized treatment guidelines for early orthodontic treatment of Class III malocclusion are lacking. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the etiology, clinical manifestations, classification, and early orthodontic techniques for Class III malocclusion, along with systematic discussions on selecting early treatment plans. The purpose of this expert consensus is to standardize clinical practices and improve the treatment outcomes of Class III malocclusion through early orthodontic treatment.
Humans ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III/classification* ; Orthodontics, Corrective/methods* ; Consensus ; Child

Objective To investigate the effects of trigonelline combined with aerobic exercise on hyperlipidemia rats and its mechanism.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into control group(normal diet),model group(hyperlipidemia rat model was established by feeding high fat diet),experimental-L,-H groups(high fat diet+15,45 mg·kg-1 trigonelline)and combine group(high fat diet+45 mg·kg-1 trigonelline+aerobic exercise).Each group had 11 rats.Serum lipid metabolism related indexes were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer.Serum levels of 6 ketone prostaglandin F1a(6-keto-PGF1a);the levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT)in liver tissue were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;the mRNA levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)in liver tissue were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR);Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of proprotein convertase subtilin/kexin 9 type(PCSK9)and low density lipoprotein receptor(LDLR)protein in liver tissue.Results The serum TC levels in control group,model group,experimental-L group,experimental-H group and combine group were(1.81±0.10),(6.68±0.77),(5.10±0.44),(3.57±0.47)and(2.40±0.35)mmol·L-1;the levels of 6-keto-PGF1a were(841.47±86.74),(536.03±36.50),(664.06±52.44),(759.19±52.30)and(824.45±67.62)pg·mL-1;GOT levels were(11.95±0.88),(18.20±1.81),(15.05±1.10),(13.32±0.98)and(12.47±0.83)U·L-1;IL-1β mRNA expression levels were 1.00±0.09,2.21±0.17,1.57±0.10,1.26±0.16 and 1.14±0.09;the expression of PCSK9 protein were 0.39±0.07,0.88±0.08,0.71±0.08,0.60±0.04 and 0.52±0.07;LDLR protein levels were 1.12±0.13,0.52±0.07,0.74±0.11,0.84±0.08 and 0.96±0.11,respectively.Model group was compared with the control group,experimental-L group and experimental-H group were compared with model group respectively,combine group was compared with the experimental-H group,the differences of the above indexes were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Trigonelline combined with aerobic exercise may inhibit the expression of PCSK9 and up-regulate the expression of LDLR to improve lipid metabolism,so as to play a lipid-lowering role in hyperlipidemia rats.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of rosuvastatin on liver injury induced by high fat diet in hyperlipidemia rats.Methods All rats were randomly divided into control group,model group and experimental group,with 10 rats in each group.Except the control group,hyperlipidiosis model rats were fed with high-fat diet combined with alcohol to construct hyperlipidiosis model rats.The experimental group was given 10 mg·kg-1 rosuvastatin by gavage,control group and model group were given gavage with 10 mL·kg-1 distilled water,once a day for 4 weeks.Serum lipids and liver function were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was used to analyze the expression of microRNA(miR)-185-3p and mastermind like transcription coactivator 1(MAML1);the expression levels of MAML1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)were detected by Western blot.Results The liver tissue injury scores of control group,model group and experimental group were 0.32±0.15,4.03±1.62 and 2.36±1.14;the TG levels were(4.95±0.86),(6.75±1.42)and(5.51±0.91)mmol·L-1;the TC were(2.36±0.48),(5.11±2.05)and(3.24±1.39)mmol·L-1;the LDL-C were(0.67±0.16),(1.73±0.42)and(1.03±0.25)mmol·L-1;the HDL-C were(0.72±0.23),(0.51±0.14)and(0.64±0.11)mmol·L-1;the GOT were(158.31±32.46),(253.19±49.27)and(187.52±53.46)U·L-1;the GPT values were(53.17±6.81),(79.64±13.92)and(55.63±9.11)U·L-1.Compared with the control group,the expression of miR-185-3p in the model group was significantly down-regulated,the expression of MAML1 and iNOS was significantly increased.Compared with the model group,the expression of miR-185-3p in the liver tissue of experimental group was significantly up-regulated,while the expression of MAML1 and iNOS was significantly decreased(all P＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the above indexes between the control group and the model group(P＜0.05);the above data in the model group were statistically significant compared with the experimental group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Rosuvastatin inhibits the expression of MAML1 and iNOS by regulating miR-185-3p,thereby improving the liver injury induced by hyperlipidemia in rats.

Objective To investigate the effect of naringin on hyperlipidemia in mice and to elucidate its mechanism.Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group,hyperlipidemia group and naringin group.Mice in hyperlipidemia group and naringin group were fed high-fat diet for 4 weeks,and hyperlipidemia model was established.The control group was fed normal diet.After successful modeling,naringin group mice were intragastric with 200 mg·kg-1 naringin per day,and mice in control group and hyperlipemia group were intragastric with 0.9％NaCl per day for 5 weeks.The blood of mice was collected for lipid detection.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)and the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA)and glutathione(GSH)were detected by biochemical method.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression.Results The activity of SOD in liver tissue of mice in control group,hyperlipidemia group and naringin group were(58.43±6.27),(37.16±4.10)and(51.23±4.81)U·mg prot-1,respectively;CAT activities were(176.11±13.59),(112.65±10.02)and(158.46±14.37)U·mg prot-1,respectively;the contents of MDA were(3.15±0.74),(12.62±2.07)and(5.76±1.83)U·mg prot-1;the contents of GSH were(91.52±11.47),(34.16±4.62)and(71.64±8.79)U·mg prot-1,respectively;the relative protein expression levels of induced nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)were 0.28±0.05,4.26±1.13 and 0.94±0.19;the relative protein expression levels of adenosine 5'-monophosphate activated protein kinase(AMPK)were 1.32±0.18,0.84±0.11 and 1.49±0.16,respectively;the relative protein expression levels of cholesterol regulatory element binding protein(SREBP)were 1.76±0.24,5.78±1.21 and 2.93±0.42;the relative protein expression levels of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase(HMGCR)were 1.69±0.18,6.13±1.38 and 3.26±0.43,respectively.The above indexes in the control group and the naringin group were significantly different from those in the hyperlipidemia group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.001).Conclusion Naringin can effectively regulate the level of blood lipids,inhibit oxidative stress and apoptosis in hyperlipidemia mice,and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of AMPK/HMGCR/SREBP signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of hypericin on osteoporosis(OP)in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods COPD combined with OP rat model was established by cigarette combined with bacteria.The rats were randomly divided into control group,model group(COPD combined with OP model was constructed),experimental-L group(50 mg·kg-1 hypericin was given by intragastric administration after constructing COPD combined with OP model),experimental-H group(100 mg·kg-1 hypericin was given intragastric administration after constructing COPD combined with OP model),positive group(subcutaneous injection of 16 U·kg-1 salmon calcitonin after constructing COPD combined with OP model);each group was given 12 rats for 90 days.The lung function of rats was detected by pulmonary function apparatus;bone mineral density(BMD)was detected by micro-computed tomography(CT);serum bone metabolism and inflammatory factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);Western blot assay was used to detect the relevant indicators of the pathway.Results The levels of forced vital capacity(FVC)in control group,model group,experimental-H group and positive group were(10.42±1.40),(4.10±0.60),(6.75±0.37),(4.18±0.33)mL,respectively;BMD levels were(0.31±0.04),(0.12±0.02),(0.28±0.03),(0.29±0.04)g·mm-3,respectively;bone alkaline phosphatase(BALP)levels were(200.04±20.03),(80.80±6.00),(148.16±14.23),(173.97±23.55)U·L1,respectively;interleukin-1β(IL-1β)levels were(122.60±8.70),(695.59±74.84),(422.41±44.86),(527.90±39.36)pg·mL-1,respectively;phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p-P38)protein expression levels were 0.99±0.11,0.36±0.05,0.79±0.08,0.36±0.04,respectively.Compared with the control group,the above indexes in the model group had statistical significance(all P＜0.05);the above indexes in experimental-H group were significantly different from those in model group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Hypericin can inhibit inflammatory response,improve bone metabolism and biomechanics.

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir in the treatment of pa-tients with hepatitis C virus(HCV)and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)co-infection,and provide scientific basis for clinical treatment.Methods 89 initially treated non-cirrhotic patients with HCV/HIV co-infection in a hospital of Butuo County of Liangshan Prefecture from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected.All patients re-ceived glecaprevir/pibrentasvir treatment for 8 weeks and were followed up for 12 weeks.Virological response rate at the end-of-treatment and sustained virological response rate after 12 weeks(SVR12)of treatment as well as oc-currence of adverse reaction were recorded.Results Among 89 initially treated non-cirrhotic patients with HCV/HIV co-infection,most were middle-aged and young married men(n=79,88.8％).HIV was mainly transmitted through sexual contact(n=62,69.7％)and intravenous drug use(n=27,30.3％).The most common HCV geno-types were genotype 1b(n=33,37.1％)and genotype 3b(n=25,28.1％).All patients completed 8 weeks of treatment successfully and HCV RNA load at the end of treatment was below the detection limit(＜25 IU/mL).Eight patients failed to complete the follow-up,and the remaining 81(100％)patients achieved a sustained virologic re-sponse.There were no serious adverse reactions during the observation period,but 11 patients had mild adverse re-actions.Conclusion The 8-week treatment regimen of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for non-cirrhotic patients with geno-type 1,3,and 6 HCV/HIV co-infection can achieve 100％SVR12,with high safety and tolerability,which can be used as a good choice for clinical treatment of these patients.