OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanism of the Yishen paidu formula on renal fibrosis in rats with chronic renal failure （CRF） through the reactive oxygen species （ROS）/thioredoxin-interacting protein （TXNIP）/NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 （NLRP3） pathway. METHODS Rats were randomly divided into control group， model group， Yishen paidu formula low-dose （Yishen paidu formula-L） group， Yishen paidu formula high-dose （Yishen paidu formula- H） group， Yishen paidu formula-H+pcDNA-NC group， and Yishen paidu formula-H+ pcDNA-TXNIP group， with 10 rats in each group. Except for control group， all other rats were fed a diet containing 0.5% adenine to establish a CRF model； the rats were then administered corresponding drugs or normal saline intragastrically or via tail vein， once daily， for 8 consecutive weeks. After the last administration， the levels of serum creatinine （Scr）， blood urea nitrogen （BUN）， ROS， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin （IL）-6， and IL-1β were measured in each group. Pathological changes in renal tissue were observed， and the protein expression levels of Collagen Ⅲ， α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）， TXNIP and NLRP3 in renal tissue were detected. RESULTS Compared with model group， the renal histopathological damage and fibrosis of rats in Yishen paidu formula-L group and Yishen paidu formula-H group were significantly alleviated. The levels of Scr， BUN， ROS， MDA， TNF- α， IL-6 and IL-1β， and the protein expressions of Collagen Ⅲ， α-SMA， TGF-β1， TXNIP and NLRP3 were significantly decreased， while SOD levels were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. Moreover， the changes were more pronounced in the Yishen paidu formula-H group （P＜0.05）. Compared with Yishen paidu formula-H+pcDNA-NC group， above indexes of rats in Yishen paidu formula-H+pcDNA-TXNIP group were reversed significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Yishen paidu formula can inhibit renal fibrosis in CRF rats by suppressing the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway.

ObjectiveBased on 16S rDNA technology and molecular biology methods， the molecular mechanism of Shenling Baizhusan in the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome （IBS-D） was investigated. MethodsThe 42 SD rats with SPF were randomly divided into no control group， SLBZS-H， medium （SLBZS-M）， low （SLBZS-L） dose group， positive control group and model group， with 7 rats in each group. The rat model of IBS-D was prepared by ice-cold senna （0.45 g∙mL^-1） gavage （10 mL∙kg^-1） combined with restraint stress for 14 consecutive days. After successful modeling， the corresponding drugs were given to each group with a gavage volume of 10 mL∙kg^-1： The positive group was administered with 2.36 ， 1.18， 0.59 g∙mL^-1 of Shenling Baizhusan in the Positive group and the Model group with the same volume of normal saline for 14 d. The general condition of the rats： Weight， feces， mental state and death were observed and recorded. The body weight， abdominal wall retraction reflex score （AWR） and loose stool rate of rats in each group were measured before （the first day）， after the model （day 14） and after treatment （day 28）. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the morphological characteristics of colon tissues of experimental animals. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to quantitatively analyze the concentration of inflammatory mediators in the peripheral blood of experimental animals. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of key proteins of Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）， Toll-like receptor 2 （TLR2）， myeloid differentiation factor 88 （MyD88） and nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway in rat colon tissue. 16S rDNA technology was used to detect the structural changes of intestinal microbiota in rats. ResultsCompared with Control， the colon of the Model group showed partial mucosal epithelial shedding and inflammatory cell infiltration. The contents of TNF-α， IL-1β， IL-6 and 5-HT in serum increased （P<0.05）， the protein expressions of TLR2， TLR4， MyD88 and NF-κB in colon tissue increased （P<0.05）， the diversity indices of Richness， Chao1， abundance-based coverage estimator（ACE） and Shannon decreased （P<0.05）， and the phylum Firmicutes， Actinobacteria， The relative richness of Bacteroides-H， Lactobacillus and Ligilactobacillus decreased （P<0.05）， while the relative richness of Bacteroidetes， Proteobacteria and Prevotella increased （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the colonic structure and organization of the SLBZS-H group， SLBZS-M group， SLBZS-L group and Positive group were clearer， and only a small number of inflammatory cells were present in some areas， and the serum contents of TNF-α， IL-1β， IL-6 and 5-HT were decreased （P<0.05）， TLR2， TLR4， The protein expressions of MyD88 and NF-κB decreased （P<0.05）， and compared with the model group， the diversity indices of Richness， Chao1， ACE and Shannon in the SLBZS-H， SLBZS-M and SLBZS-L groups increased （P<0.05）， and the richness of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria increased （P<0.05）. The richness of Proteobacteria and Prevotella decreased （P<0.05）， and the abundance of Prevotella decreased （P<0.05）， Bacteroides-H， Muribaculum， Lactobacillus and salivarius in the Positive group salivarius （P<0.05）. ConclusionShenling Baizhusan can effectively treat IBS-D， and its molecular mechanism may be to play a therapeutic role by improving intestinal flora and inhibiting the TLRS/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway to reduce inflammatory response.

BACKGROUND:How to repair bone defect has been a clinical problem for a long time.The effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine have good biological activity and therapeutic effect,and the combination of effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine and tissue engineering materials has a broad prospect in the field of bone repair.The combination of different effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine and scaffolds has similarities in their functional relationships. OBJECTIVE:To collect the cases of the combinations of effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine and scaffolds,then analogize tissue engineering scaffolds and effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine into two types of traditional Chinese medicine that generate compatibility relationships based on the inspiration of the compatibility of seven emotions and summarize the relationship between the two based on their functional relationships. METHODS:Relevant articles from January 1998 to January 2024 were searched in PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),using English search terms"traditional Chinese medicine,Chinese medicine,traditional Chinese medicine monomers,bone defect,bone repair,bone tissue engineering,tissue engineering,scaffold"and Chinese search terms"traditional Chinese medicine,effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine,traditional Chinese medicine monomers,bone tissue engineering,bone tissue engineering scaffold,scaffold,tissue engineering,bone defect,bone repair."A total of 88 articles were included for review and analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Both tissue engineering scaffold materials and active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine have been widely used in the field of bone repair.Although they have obvious advantages in osteogenesis,there are still many shortcomings.Many studies are dedicated to preparing composite materials from the two,hoping to exert a detoxification and synergism through the interaction between the two.(2)Some drugs and materials can promote each other in osteogenesis,antibacterial,and promoting angiogenesis,enhancing their original effects.Inspired by the traditional concept of prescription compatibility,this article summarized it as a"Mutual promotion"relationship and provided examples to support it.(3)Some drugs can enhance the strength of materials,while some materials can achieve sustained release and controlled release effects,increase drug loading and stability,or achieve targeted delivery of drugs loaded on them.The article summarized this unilateral enhancement effect as a"Mutual assistance"relationship.(4)The combination of some traditional Chinese medicine and materials can reduce the toxic side effects of the other party.The article summarizes this detoxification relationship as"Mutual restraint and detoxification."(5)The article provided a new perspective on traditional Chinese medicine composite scaffolds,inspired by the seven emotions compatibility relationship and based on the classification of action relationships.It introduced traditional Chinese medicine concepts into the field of tissue engineering,providing new research ideas for subsequent researchers of composite scaffolds,and providing certain convenience in material selection and matching.

To perform the phylogenetic characterization of an isolated porcine rotavirus(PoRV)and investigate its pathogenicity in suckling mice and piglets.A G4P[23]genotype PoRV strain JSJR2023 was successfully isolated from the diarrheic piglet feces through propagation in MA104 cells.The viral proliferation kinetics were analyzed using TCID50 assays,followed by complete genome sequencing through Sanger sequencing platforms.Comprehensive genotyping and phylogenetic reconstruction were conducted using MEGA7.0 with maximum likelihood algorithms.Pathogenicity was assessed in the following animal models:5-day-old C57BL/6 mice and 3-day-old piglets.Multidimensional evaluation included clinical monitoring(diarrhea scoring,growth parameters),virological detection,and histopathological analysis of intestinal tissues.The virus strain JSJR2023 could replicate efficiently in MA104 cells,achieving peak titers of 107.5 TCID50/mL.Whole genome genotype analysis showed that the strain belonged to G4-P[23]-I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the VP3 and NSP4 genes of JSJR2023 strain were most closedrelated to human species rotaviruses,suggesting genetic reassortment between human and porcine RV strains.The animal experiments in suckling mice showed that the JSJR2023 strain infection caused diarrhea symptoms,intestinal edema and congestion,and shedding of intestinal villus epithelial cells.The pathogenicity experiments in piglets showed that compared with the control group,the challenged group of pig-lets had severe diarrhea symptoms,accompanied by reduced appetite and listlessness.Post-mortem examination revealed that the intes-tines were significantly thinner,congested,and filled with yellow watery contents.The challenged piglets showed typical pathological changes such as thinning of the intestinal wall and shortening and shedding of intestinal villi.In conclusion,this study successfully iso-lated a human-porcine recombinant G4P[23]PoRV strain and established the infection models in suckling mice and piglets,providing important tools for investigating the pathogenic mechanism of PoRV,evaluating vaccines and developing antiviral drug.

Objective:To observe the accuracy of artificial intelligence-assisted design and 3D printed personalized osteotomy guide plate-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods:A total of 112 patients with knee osteoarthritis scheduled for TKA admitted to the Second People′s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from February 2022 to February 2024 were prospectively included. They were divided into the intelligent group and the traditional group by lottery, with 56 cases in each group. The traditional group used conventional osteotomy guides, while the intelligent group used artificial intelligence-assisted design and 3D printed personalized osteotomy guides. The surgical conditions, postoperative imaging indicators, deviation range of hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA) and clinical efficacy of the two groups were observed.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in incision length between the two groups ( P>0.05). The operation time and blood loss in the intelligent group were both less than those in the traditional group (all P<0.05). The differences in postoperative HKA, sagittal tibial prosthesis angle (LTC), and sagittal femoral prosthesis angle (LFC) in the intelligent group were all smaller than those in the traditional group (all P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences in coronal femoral prosthesis angle (FFC) and coronal tibial prosthesis angle (FTC) between the intelligent group and the traditional group ( P>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the deviation range grade of HKA between the two groups ( P<0.05), and the proportion of HKA deviation ≤1° in the intelligent group was higher than that in the traditional group ( P<0.05). After the operation, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores for pain in both groups were lower than those before the operation (all P<0.05), and the range of motion (ROM) of the knee joint and the American Knee Society Score (KSS) were both increased compared with those before the operation (all P<0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences in the VAS scores, ROM, and KSS of pain after the operation between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Artificial intelligence-assisted design and 3D printed personalized osteotomy guide plates can improve the accuracy of TKA surgery, shorten the operation time and reduce the amount of blood loss.

Objective To establish a ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer(UPLC-MS/MS)method for determining the concentration of sotagliflozin in rat plasma and apply it to pharmacokinetic studies in rats.Methods Electrospray negative ion multi-reaction ion detection was used.Chromatographic column:EXT-C18(2.1 mm × 100.0 mm,2.7 μm);column temperature:45 ℃;mobile phase:5 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate aqueous solution-acetonitrile;flow rate:0.35 mL·min-1;ion pairs:sotagliflozin m/z 483.3→315.1,dapagliflozin m/z 467.4→329.2;injection volume:6 μL,plasma samples were processed using methyl tert-butyl ether liquid-liquid extraction.Six male SD rats were administered a single oral dose of sogliflozin at 40 mg·kg-1,and detected the concentration of sogliflozin in plasma.Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using Drug And Statistics(DAS)2.1.1.Results Sotagliflozin showed good linearity within the range of 5-2 000 ng·mL-1,with intra-day and inter-day precision both less than 15％.The recovery rate,matrix effect,and stability were all within the specified range.Pharmacokinetic parameters:Cmax was(3 716.67±568.28)ng·mL-1,tmax was(1.00±0.32)h,t1/2 was(2.28±0.45)h,AUC0-t was(1.70 × 104±2 075.87)ng·mL-1·h.Conclusion This study established a method for determining the concentration of sotagliflozin in rat plasma,which is characterized by high sensitivity,rapid detection,and good repeatability.It is suitable for the determination of sotagliflozin concentration in plasma and pharmacokinetic studies.

Ischemic obstruction is a dangerous condition with a high mortality rate.Professor Jin Shi proposed that vascular intesti-nal obstruction disease is based on the intestinal tract while the structure of mesenteric vascular structure in modern medicine is highly similar to the morphological description of"intestinal collateral"in traditional Chinese medicine.The"hypercoagulable state"of blood is highly consistent with the core of the pathogenesis of"intestinal stasis"in traditional Chinese medicine.Blood stasis is a key patho-logical product and pathogenic factor of vascular intestinal obstruction and it is necessary to pay attention to the combination of disease identification,clarification of urgency,and phased treatment.This study provides a theoretical basis and practical example for the treatment of vascular intestinal obstruction in traditional Chinese medicine.

To perform the phylogenetic characterization of an isolated porcine rotavirus(PoRV)and investigate its pathogenicity in suckling mice and piglets.A G4P[23]genotype PoRV strain JSJR2023 was successfully isolated from the diarrheic piglet feces through propagation in MA104 cells.The viral proliferation kinetics were analyzed using TCID50 assays,followed by complete genome sequencing through Sanger sequencing platforms.Comprehensive genotyping and phylogenetic reconstruction were conducted using MEGA7.0 with maximum likelihood algorithms.Pathogenicity was assessed in the following animal models:5-day-old C57BL/6 mice and 3-day-old piglets.Multidimensional evaluation included clinical monitoring(diarrhea scoring,growth parameters),virological detection,and histopathological analysis of intestinal tissues.The virus strain JSJR2023 could replicate efficiently in MA104 cells,achieving peak titers of 107.5 TCID50/mL.Whole genome genotype analysis showed that the strain belonged to G4-P[23]-I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the VP3 and NSP4 genes of JSJR2023 strain were most closedrelated to human species rotaviruses,suggesting genetic reassortment between human and porcine RV strains.The animal experiments in suckling mice showed that the JSJR2023 strain infection caused diarrhea symptoms,intestinal edema and congestion,and shedding of intestinal villus epithelial cells.The pathogenicity experiments in piglets showed that compared with the control group,the challenged group of pig-lets had severe diarrhea symptoms,accompanied by reduced appetite and listlessness.Post-mortem examination revealed that the intes-tines were significantly thinner,congested,and filled with yellow watery contents.The challenged piglets showed typical pathological changes such as thinning of the intestinal wall and shortening and shedding of intestinal villi.In conclusion,this study successfully iso-lated a human-porcine recombinant G4P[23]PoRV strain and established the infection models in suckling mice and piglets,providing important tools for investigating the pathogenic mechanism of PoRV,evaluating vaccines and developing antiviral drug.

Objective:To explore effect of Yishen Paidu Formula on inflammatory response in chronic renal failure(CRF)rats and role of Calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cell(NFAT).Methods:CRF rat model was constructed,and randomly grouped into model group,low,medium and high doses Yishen Paidu Formula groups,with 10 rats in each group,another 10 rats were fed normally as a blank group;general situation of rats was recorded;urine protein quantification kit was applied to detect 24-hour urine protein level of CRF rats in each group;serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels of CRF rats were detected;ELISA was applied to detect serum IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α levels in CRF rats;pathological changes of renal tissue were observed by HE staining;Western blot was applied to detect expressions of fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF23),Klotho protein,Calcineurin,NFAT protein in renal tissue of CRF rats in each group.Results:Compared with blank group,levels of creatinine,urea nitrogen in serum,24 h urine protein in urine,IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α in serum,and protein levels of FGF23,Calcineurin,NFAT in kidney tissue were obviously increased in model group,level of Klotho protein was obviously decreased(P<0.05).Compared with model group,levels of creatinine,urea nitrogen in serum,24 h urine protein in urine,IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α in serum,and protein levels of FGF23,Calcineurin,NFAT in kidney tissue were obviously decreased in low,medium and high doses Yishen Paidu Formula groups,level of Klotho protein was obviously increased,which were more significant with dosage increase(P<0.05).Conclusion:Yishen Paidu Formula may alleviate inflammatory response in CRF rats by inhibiting Calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway.

Objective:To explore the clinical value of plasma von Willebrand factor antigen(VWF:Ag)and VWF activity(VWF:GPIbM)based on ABO blood group in the risk assessment of deep vein thrombosis(DVT).Methods:A total of 163 patients with DVT who sought medical treatment from March 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the case group,and 135 healthy volunteers during the same period were selected as the control group.The differences of ABO blood groups,plasma VWF:Ag and VWF:GPIbM levels between the two groups were compared.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to evaluate the clinical value of VWF testing in predicting DVT events.Logistic regression analysis was applied to identify risk factors for DVT.Results:The levels of plasma VWF:Ag and VWF:GPIbM in the DVT group were significantly higher than those in the control group both overall and across ABO blood type subgroups(P＜0.01).Within the DVT group,the levels of plasma VWF:Ag and VWF:GPIbM in patients with non-O blood type were significantly higher than those with blood type O[VWF:Ag:219.74％±63.64％vs 162.21％±56.03％,P＜0.01;VWF:GPIbM:228.10％(185.15％,249.10％)vs 148.25％(116.48％,225.48％),P＜0.01].The area under the ROC curve(AUC)of VWF:Ag for predicting DVT events was 0.855,with a cut-off value of 142.4％,sensitivity of 82.2％and specificity of 72.6％;the AUC of VWF:GPIbM was 0.861,with a cut-off value of 141.2％,sensitivity of 84.7％,and specificity of 71.1％.Univariate analysis showed that both VWF:Ag and VWF:GPIbM were influencing factors for DVT events(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that VWF:Ag＞142.4％(OR=13.961,95％CI:7.654-25.464,P＜0.01)and VWF:GPIbM＞141.2％(OR=17.615,95％CI:9.155-33.892,P＜0.01)were independent risk factors for DVT events.Conclusion:Levels of VWF:Ag and VWF:GPIbM are significantly elevated in non-O blood type DVT patients.VWF:Ag＞142.4％and VWF:GPIbM＞141.2％are independent risk factors for DVT events.VWF testing based on ABO blood group aids in the precision prevention and control of DVT.