ObjectiveTo explore the effects of Jingui Shenqiwan （JSW） and Liuwei Dihuangwan （LDW） on the reproductive ability and brain function of normal mice and compare the actions of the two medications. MethodsSeven groups of female and male mice were divided at a ratio of 2∶1. Except for the control group， the other six groups were as follows： a group of both males and females receiving JSW （3.0 g·kg^-1）， a group of both males and females receiving LDW （4.5 g·kg^-1）， a group of males receiving water and females receiving JSW， a group of males receiving water while females receiving LDW， a group of females receiving water while males receiving JSW， and a group of females receiving water while males receiving LDW. Each group was administered the drug for 14 days and then caged together at a 2∶1 （female∶male） ratio to detect the number of pregnant mice and calculate the pregnancy rate. Pregnant mice continued receiving the drug until they naturally gave birth， which was followed by the observation of newborn mice， calculation of their average number， and the measurement of the offspring's preference for sugar water and neonatal recognition index. At the end of the experiment， the weights of the thymus and spleen were measured to calculate the organ coefficients， and mRNA or protein expression was analyzed in the brain and testes or ovaries. A 1% sucrose solution was used to examine the euphoria of their brain reward systems， while novel object recognition test （NOR） was applied to assess their memory capabilities. mRNA expression was detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） assay， and protein expression was analyzed with Western blot. ResultsCompared with the control group， oral administration of JSW to both male and female mice for 14 days significantly increased the pregnancy rate of female mice on day 2 after being caged together （P<0.05）， while LDW showed a trend but no statistical significance. Additionally， compared with the control group， JSW could upregulate the gene expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） in the thalamus， as well as reproductive stem cell factor （SCF） and tyrosine kinase receptor （c-Kit） in the testes and reproductive stem cell marker mouse vasa homologue （MVH） in the ovaries， upregulate the expression of proteins influencing neuronal functional activity， such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）， in hippocampal neurons （P<0.05）， and enhance sucrose preference in male mice （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group， JSW significantly increased sucrose preference and novel object recognition index in offspring mice （P<0.05）， which was related to the upregulation of hippocampal dopamine D1 receptor （D1R） and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor （Nmdar） gene expression. Compared with the control group， both JSW and LDW could upregulate the protein expression of glucocorticoid receptor （GR）， BDNF， and tyrosine kinase receptor B （TrkB） in the hippocampus of offspring mice （P<0.05）. ConclusionJSW significantly enhances the reproductive ability of normal mice， which is not only related to the release of gonadotropin but also associated with its regulation of brain function. Additionally， JSW has a certain regulatory effect on the brain function of the offspring mice.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanism of the Yishen paidu formula on renal fibrosis in rats with chronic renal failure （CRF） through the reactive oxygen species （ROS）/thioredoxin-interacting protein （TXNIP）/NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 （NLRP3） pathway. METHODS Rats were randomly divided into control group， model group， Yishen paidu formula low-dose （Yishen paidu formula-L） group， Yishen paidu formula high-dose （Yishen paidu formula- H） group， Yishen paidu formula-H+pcDNA-NC group， and Yishen paidu formula-H+ pcDNA-TXNIP group， with 10 rats in each group. Except for control group， all other rats were fed a diet containing 0.5% adenine to establish a CRF model； the rats were then administered corresponding drugs or normal saline intragastrically or via tail vein， once daily， for 8 consecutive weeks. After the last administration， the levels of serum creatinine （Scr）， blood urea nitrogen （BUN）， ROS， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin （IL）-6， and IL-1β were measured in each group. Pathological changes in renal tissue were observed， and the protein expression levels of Collagen Ⅲ， α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）， TXNIP and NLRP3 in renal tissue were detected. RESULTS Compared with model group， the renal histopathological damage and fibrosis of rats in Yishen paidu formula-L group and Yishen paidu formula-H group were significantly alleviated. The levels of Scr， BUN， ROS， MDA， TNF- α， IL-6 and IL-1β， and the protein expressions of Collagen Ⅲ， α-SMA， TGF-β1， TXNIP and NLRP3 were significantly decreased， while SOD levels were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. Moreover， the changes were more pronounced in the Yishen paidu formula-H group （P＜0.05）. Compared with Yishen paidu formula-H+pcDNA-NC group， above indexes of rats in Yishen paidu formula-H+pcDNA-TXNIP group were reversed significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Yishen paidu formula can inhibit renal fibrosis in CRF rats by suppressing the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway.

Objective: To establish an accurate and rapid typing method for Rh typing of samples from patients who have received recent blood transfusions by utilizing the difference in osmotic fragility between fresh and old red blood cells. Methods: A lysing solution suitable for destroying old RBCs was prepared. Sixty-one samples collected in our hospital in 2024 with Rh typing of double groups were treated with the lysing solution to remove the old allogeneic red blood cells while preserving the patient's own fresh red blood cells, followed by repeat Rh typing tests. Results: For 61 samples with Rh typing in double groups, 41 were accurately detected identified through the red blood cell lysis method, yielding an identification rate of 67.21%. No significant difference was observed compared to the detection rate of the commonly used capillary centrifugation modified method (χ =0.103, P>0.05). Conclusion: The red blood cell lysis method provides a novel and rapid experimental approach for clinical use in processing Rh-typed samples that are of double groups, thereby offering a basis for Rh compatibility blood transfusion.

Due to the moist environment in the mouth, there are many challenges that arise, such as difficult biofilm removal, short drug retention time, and low tissue repair efficiency, while treating dental caries, periodontal disease, and other oral diseases. As a biomimetic biomaterial, polydopamine (PDA) possesses multifunctional properties, including mussel-inspired adhesion and stimuli-responsive drug release. PDA adhesion properties originate from its surface catechol and amino functional groups, which maintain strong wettability in aqueous environments. With smart responsiveness encompassing photothermal, pH, and enzymatic stimuli, PDA enables controlled drug release under specific conditions. Additionally, PDA exhibits antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and osteoblast-promoting functions, thus demonstrating significant application potential in the treatment of oral diseases. In hard tissue therapies, specifically for dental caries, PDA promotes enamel remineralization by inducing hydroxyapatite crystal growth and enhances dentin collagen mineralization through Ca2+ chelation while inhibiting cariogenic bacteria. In mandibular defect repair, functionalized PDA coatings on bone implants facilitate mesenchymal stem cell adhesion and differentiation, activate osteogenic signaling pathways, and synergistically promote vascularization to improve bone-implant integration. For soft tissue treatments, specifically for periodontitis, PDA alleviates alveolar bone resorption via antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects coupled with osteoclast inhibition. In denture stomatitis management, PDA’s strong wet adhesion prolongs drug retention, while its photothermal effect and reactive oxygen generation provide both broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and wound healing promotion. This review summarizes PDA’s synthesis mechanisms and biological functions, with an emphasis on its therapeutic applications in oral diseases, providing innovative strategies for oral healthcare.

Objective: To compare the consistency between bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual energy X ray absorptiometry (DXA) in measuring body composition among Tibetan children and adolescents and to explore the applicability of BIA in plateau region, so as to provide scientific and convenient body composition measurement support among children and adolescents. Methods: From May to June, 2022, a total of 344 Tibetan children and adolescents aged 6-17 years were selected from Golmud Municipal National Middle School and Changjiangyuan Nationality Primary School in Qinghai Province by cluster sampling method, and their fat mass, fat mass percentage and lean mass were measured by DXA and BIA. The consistency and correlation between the two methods were assessed by using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Spearman correlation analysis, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Bland-Altman analysis. Results: DXA measured fat mass and fat mass percentage were significantly higher than those obtained by BIA (6-12 years old: Z =9.91, 11.28; 13-17 years old: Z =9.02, 10.21), while lean mass and lean mass percentage were significantly lower than BIA results (6-12 years old: Z =-11.60, -11.30; 13-17 years old: Z =-10.77, -10.36) (all P < 0.05 ). The two methods showed strong correlations in fat mass and lean mass (all r >0.80, all ICC >0.90), but exhibited poor agreement in fat mass percentage and lean mass percentage (6-12 years old: Lin s CCC =0.64, 0.41; 13-17 years old: Lin s CCC = 0.79 , 0.35). Bland-Altman analysis showed that the difference between the two methods was negatively correlated with the average value in FM%(6-12 years old: r =-0.75, 13-17 years old: r =-0.79, both P <0.01). Conclusion BIA and DXA show high consistency in measuring body fat mass and lean body mass in Tibetan children and adolescents, although some bias is still present in certain individuals.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a chronic metabolic bone disease caused by a decrease in estrogen levels. With the acceleration of population aging process, the public health burden caused by it is becoming increasingly severe. The prevalence rate of osteoporosis in people over 65 years old in China is as high as 32%, which is especially prominent after menopause, which is about 5 times that of elderly men. About 40% of postmenopausal women are at risk of osteoporotic fractures, with a disability rate of up to 50% and a fatality rate of about 20%. The prevention and treatment of osteoporosis has become a major public health issue of global concern, and it is particularly urgent to develop reasonable and effective prevention and treatment programs and explore their scientific basis. Exercise is an important non-drug means for the prevention and treatment of PMOP, it can improve estrogen levels and the expression of bone formation transcription factors, and inhibit the levels of proinflammatory factors and bone resorption markers, macroscopically manifested by the improvement of bone microstructure and bone density. However, the effectiveness of exercise in improving bone mineral density (BMD) remains controversial. Some studies revealed significant changes of bone to mechanical stimulation, while others showed no significant effect of mechanical training, this heterogeneity in bone adapt to mechanical stimulation is particularly evident in postmenopausal women. Although the evidence that a wide range of exercise programs can improve osteoporosis, the optimal solution to address bone mineral loss remains unclear. The most effective exercise type, dosage and personalized adaptation are still being determined. This study will fully consider the differences in gender and hormone levels, searching and screening randomized controlled trials of PubMed, CNKI and other databases regarding exercise improving bone mineral density in women with PMOP. Strictly following the PRISMA guidelines to reviewed and compared the effects of different types of exercise modalities on BMD at different sites in women with PMOP by network Meta-analysis, to provide theoretical guidance to maintain or improve BMD in women with PMOP.

Guided by the theory of turbid pathogen disturbing clarity， this paper holds that the pathogenesis of otolith disorders involves the failure of clear yang to ascend and the internal generation of phlegm-turbidity as the initiating factors. The clinical manifestations are characterized by the intermingling of phlegm and fluid， as well as the disturbance between turbid and clear substances， while the root lies in spleen-kidney deficiency and depletion of primordial qi. Treatment strategies are formulated according to the different stages of the disease： in the acute phase， therapy focuses on warming and resolving phlegm-fluid retention， using a modified combination of Linggui Zhugan Decoction （苓桂术甘汤） and Zexie Decoction （泽泻汤）； in the residual phase， the approach shifts to tonifying qi and uplifting clear yang， with a modified combination of Shengxian Decoction （升陷汤） and Shengmai Power （生脉散）； in the consolidation phase， therapy aims to tonify the kidney and replenish essence， employing a modified version of Qiju Dihuang Pill （杞菊地黄丸）.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Ephedra-Cinnamomum couplet medicinals on respiratory function and airway inflammation in rats with asthma of cold-fluid retention in lung syndrome and its mechanism. METHODS Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group， model group， dexamethasone group [1 mg/（kg·d）]， and Ephedra-Cinnamomum low-， medium-， high-dose groups [0.234， 0.936， 1.872 g/（kg·d）]， with 10 rats in each group. The model and treatment groups were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of antigen solution （ovalbumin 100 mg + aluminum hydroxide 100 mg） and challenged with 1% ovalbumin nebulization， along with exposure to a cold environment and ingestion of cold water， to establish the asthma model with cold-fluid retention in lung syndrome. From day 2， rats received corresponding drugs or normal saline intragastrically， once a day， for 21 consecutive days. The general behavioral changes in each group of rats were observed during the experimental process. The lung function parameters [peak expiratory flow （PEF）， airway resistance （Raw）， functional residual capacity （FRC）， expiratory flow at 50% of forced vital capacity （EF50%）] Δ 基金项目 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（No.82004233）； were measured before modeling and after the last medication as well as serum contents of interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-13， tumor necrosis factor- α （TNF- α） and interferon-gamma （IFN- γ） after the last medication were determined； the histopathological morphological changes in the lung tissues of rats were also observed； mRNA expressions of IL-6， IL-3， TNF-α， IFN-γ， thymic stromal lymphopoietin （TSLP）， and Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）， as well as protein expressions of TSLP and TLR4 were determined in lung tissue. RESULTS Compared with model group， the lung tissue damage of rats was relieved significantly； Raw， FRC， the contents and mRNA expression levels of IL-6， IL-13 and TNF-α， as well as the mRNA and protein expressions of TSLP and TLR4 were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）， while the contents and mRNA expressions of PEF， EF50 % and IFN-γ were significantly increased in the dexamethasone group and Ephedra-Cinnamomum medium- and high-dose groups （P＜0.05）. Moreover， only a few rats in the two groups exhibited typical symptoms of asthma. CONCLUSIONS Ephedra-Cinnamomum couplet medicinals improve respiratory function and ameliorate airway inflammation in asthma rats with cold-fluid retention in lung syndrome， the mechanism of which may be associated with inhibiting TSLP/TLR4 signaling pathway and modulating Th1/Th2 imbalance.

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and safety of Kaixuan Jiedu compatibility and the decomposed prescriptions in the treatment of psoriasis. MethodsThirty Balb/c mice were randomly grouped as follows （n=6）： normal， model， Kaixuan Jiedu （KXJD， 15.21 g·kg^-1）， Kaixuan （KX， 3.08 g·kg^-1）， and Jiedu （JD， 12.13 g·kg^-1）. Except the normal group， the rest groups were modeled for psoriasis-like skin lesions by topical application of imiquimod， and samples were collected after 7 days of continuous intervention. Mice were photographed at the lesion site during modeling and before sampling and the psoriasis area and severity index （PASI） was calculated. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe pathological changes in the lesions and measure the epidermal thickness. Mice were photographed and observed for the tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule （CD31）， proliferating cell nuclear antigen （Ki67）， and cytokeratin 10 （CK10） in the epidermal tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence assay was employed to determine the expression of Claudin-1 and Occludin. Real-time PCR was employed to determine the mRNA levels of interleukin-17A （IL-17A） and interleukin-23 （IL-23）. The spleen and thymus were photographed and weighed， and the spleen and thymus indices were calculated. The safety of the treatment was assessed by automatic biochemistry testing of the serum， liver， and kidney functions and by HE staining of the liver， kidney and spleen. ResultsCompared with that of the normal group， the skin of the model group showed erythema， infiltration， and typical psoriasis-like changes， tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries， hyperkeratosis in epidermal cells， acanthosis， massive lymphocytic infiltration in the dermis， impaired barrier function， increased expression of VEGF， CD31， Ki67， and CK10 （P<0.01）， reduced expression of Claudin-1 and Occludin （P<0.01） in the epidermis， and up-regulated mRNA levels of IL-17A and IL-23 （P<0.01）. In addition， the mice in the model group showed spleen enlargement， thymus atrophy， increased spleen index， and decreased thymus index （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， KXJD and JD reduced psoriasis-like skin lesions， inhibited the tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries， reduced the expression of VEGF， CD31， Ki67， and CK10 （P<0.01）， increased the expression of claudin-1 （P<0.01）， and down-regulated the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors （P<0.01）. Moreover， the KXJD group outperformed the JD group. The JD group showed no significant difference from the model group regarding the spleen index， thymus index， and Occludin expression. The psoriasis indicators in the KX group were not significantly different from those in the model group. ConclusionKXJD and JD can reduce the symptoms of local skin lesions of psoriasis， which is manifested as different inhibition degrees of the proliferation and differentiation of keratin-forming cells， tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries， and inflammatory reactions， as well as the protection of the skin barrier. Moreover， KXJD outperformed JD. KX alone did not significantly reduce psoriasis lesions in mice. KXJD and the decomposed prescriptions are safe and effective， causing no obvious liver and kidney injuries.

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and safety of Kaixuan Jiedu compatibility and the decomposed prescriptions in the treatment of psoriasis. MethodsThirty Balb/c mice were randomly grouped as follows （n=6）： normal， model， Kaixuan Jiedu （KXJD， 15.21 g·kg^-1）， Kaixuan （KX， 3.08 g·kg^-1）， and Jiedu （JD， 12.13 g·kg^-1）. Except the normal group， the rest groups were modeled for psoriasis-like skin lesions by topical application of imiquimod， and samples were collected after 7 days of continuous intervention. Mice were photographed at the lesion site during modeling and before sampling and the psoriasis area and severity index （PASI） was calculated. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe pathological changes in the lesions and measure the epidermal thickness. Mice were photographed and observed for the tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule （CD31）， proliferating cell nuclear antigen （Ki67）， and cytokeratin 10 （CK10） in the epidermal tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence assay was employed to determine the expression of Claudin-1 and Occludin. Real-time PCR was employed to determine the mRNA levels of interleukin-17A （IL-17A） and interleukin-23 （IL-23）. The spleen and thymus were photographed and weighed， and the spleen and thymus indices were calculated. The safety of the treatment was assessed by automatic biochemistry testing of the serum， liver， and kidney functions and by HE staining of the liver， kidney and spleen. ResultsCompared with that of the normal group， the skin of the model group showed erythema， infiltration， and typical psoriasis-like changes， tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries， hyperkeratosis in epidermal cells， acanthosis， massive lymphocytic infiltration in the dermis， impaired barrier function， increased expression of VEGF， CD31， Ki67， and CK10 （P<0.01）， reduced expression of Claudin-1 and Occludin （P<0.01） in the epidermis， and up-regulated mRNA levels of IL-17A and IL-23 （P<0.01）. In addition， the mice in the model group showed spleen enlargement， thymus atrophy， increased spleen index， and decreased thymus index （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， KXJD and JD reduced psoriasis-like skin lesions， inhibited the tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries， reduced the expression of VEGF， CD31， Ki67， and CK10 （P<0.01）， increased the expression of claudin-1 （P<0.01）， and down-regulated the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors （P<0.01）. Moreover， the KXJD group outperformed the JD group. The JD group showed no significant difference from the model group regarding the spleen index， thymus index， and Occludin expression. The psoriasis indicators in the KX group were not significantly different from those in the model group. ConclusionKXJD and JD can reduce the symptoms of local skin lesions of psoriasis， which is manifested as different inhibition degrees of the proliferation and differentiation of keratin-forming cells， tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries， and inflammatory reactions， as well as the protection of the skin barrier. Moreover， KXJD outperformed JD. KX alone did not significantly reduce psoriasis lesions in mice. KXJD and the decomposed prescriptions are safe and effective， causing no obvious liver and kidney injuries.