OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of antibiotic-eluting absorbable calcium sulfate in treating periprosthetic infection after one-stage revision of knee arthroplasty. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 36 patients(36 knees)who underwent phaseⅠrevision for periprosthesis infection after total knee arthroplasty from January 2018 to March 2022. All patients were underwent knee cavity puncture before operation and had positive results of aseptic body fluid culture, 21 patients received revision combined with antibiotic loaded calcium sulfate at stageⅠ(calcium sulfate group) during operation, and 15 patients underwent renovation at stageⅠ(revision group). There were 9 males and 12 females in calcium sulfate group, aged from 54 to 76 years old with an average of(67.6±6.2) years old. There were 15 patients in revision group, including 4 males and 11 females, aged from 60 to 75 years old with average of (69.6±4.1) years old. The levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) at 7, 14, 30 and 90 days after operation were compared between two groups, and the rate of end-infection control at follow-up were compared. The systemic antibiotic application time, hospital stay and postoperative complications were observed between two groups. RESULTS: Calcium sulfate group were followed up for 12 to 29 months with an average of(18.9±4.2) months, and the infection control rate was 90.5%;while revision group were followed up 18 to 29 months with average of (21.6±3.7) months, and the infection control rate was 86.7% (13/15). There were no significant differences in follow-up time and infection control rate between two groups(P>0.05). Postoperative levels of CRP and IL-6 at 7, 14 and 30 days in calcium sulfate group were (32.79±11.48), (15.50±6.52), (9.36±3.32) mg·L^-1 and (17.31±6.15) pg·ml^-1, respectively;which were lower than those in revision group (40.65±11.32), (30.15±10.57), (18.97±5.86) mg·L^-1 and (25.54±6.73) pg·ml^-1, had statistical differences(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in IL-6 levels at 7 and 14 days after operation and CRP levels at 90 days after operation between two groups (P>0.05). The hospitalization time and systemic antibiotic application time in calcium sulfate group were (18.4±2.2) and (63.5±21.4) d, respectively;which were better than those in revision group (20.5±2.4) and (82.7±16.9) d, and had statistical differences(P<0.05). No significant wound complications and hypercalcemia were observed in calcium sulfate group. CONCLUSION Antibiotic eluted absorbable calcium sulfate could be used to treat periprosthetic knee infection, significantly reducing CRP levels in the early postoperative period, shortening hospital stay and systemic antibiotic application time, but it does not significantly improve the control rate of revision infection at stageⅠ.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/surgery* ; Middle Aged ; Calcium Sulfate/administration & dosage* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects* ; Retrospective Studies ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Interleukin-6/blood* ; C-Reactive Protein/metabolism* ; Reoperation ; Knee Prosthesis/adverse effects*

Objective:To investigate the correlation between the expression types of platelet membrane glycoprotein antibodies and the treatment outcomes in children with immune thrombocytopenia(ITP).Methods:Clinical data of 73 children with ITP who were treated with gamma globulin and glucocorticoid in our hospital from Nov 2020 to Feb 2022 was retrospectively analyzed.The therapeutic efficacy was compared among children with different characteristics and antibody expression types.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of therapeutic efficacy.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in therapeutic efficacy among children with different ages,genders,with or without history of preceding infections,or bleeding manifestations(P＞0.05).However,significant differences in efficacy were found among children with different antibody expression types(P=0.001).Logistic regression analysis showed that double-positive antibodies of anti-GPⅡb/Ⅲa antibody and anti-GPⅠb/Ⅳ antibody was a factor affecting therapeutic efficacy(OR=0.061,95%CI:0.006-0.606,P＜0.05).Conclusion:Compared to double antibody negativity,double antibody positivity can significantly reduce the treatment efficacy in ITP children,and the efficacy of positive anti-GP Ⅱb/Ⅲ a and anti-GPⅠb/Ⅳ antibodies is similar to that of double antibody negativity.

Objective:To investigate the effect of chlorogenic acid on atherosclerosis (AS) in a mouse model.Methods:Twenty-four specific pathogen-free male ApoE-/- mice were adaptively fed for 1 week and then randomly divided into three groups ( n=8 per group): The model group, the atorvastatin group, and the chlorogenic acid group. All three groups were fed with a high-fat diet. Eight male C57BL/6N wild-type mice served as the control group and were fed with a standard diet. After 8 weeks, the atorvastatin group received intragastric administration of a solution containing 0.9% sodium chloride +2.6 mg/kg atorvastatin at 10 mL/kg, while the chlorogenic acid group received 0.9% sodium chloride +200 mg/kg chlorogenic acid at 10 mL/kg. The control and model groups were given an equal volume of 0.9% sodium chloride once a day. After 9 weeks of continuous treatment, the mice were anesthetized, and the aortas were collected for Oil Red O staining. Image J was used to measure plaque area and total vascular area, and the percentage was calculated. Liver tissues were subjected to hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining to observe pathological changes. Blood samples from the abdominal aorta were collected to measure lipid profiles [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)], liver function markers [aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP)], and inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)]. Non-HDL-C levels were calculated as TC minus HDL-C. Results:Aortic lipid plaque area: The model group exhibited a significantly higher plaque area than the control group [(44.91±1.91)% vs. (0.21±0.11)%]. Both the atorvastatin group [(15.00±1.29)%] and the chlorogenic acid group [(26.13±2.16)%] showed reduced plaque areas compared to the model group ( P<0.05). Liver pathology: The control group displayed intact hepatocyte structure with regular morphology, whereas the model group exhibited significant steatosis. Both the atorvastatin and chlorogenic acid groups showed alleviated liver damage compared to the model group. Blood lipid levels: The model group had higher TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C levels than the control group [(30.3±4.0) mmol/L vs. (2.8±0.3) mmol/L, (1.26±0.32) mmol/L vs. (0.52±0.12) mmol/L, (3.02±0.39) mmol/L vs. (2.00±0.17) mmol/L, (14.87±5.23) mmol/L vs. (0.39±0.09) mmol/L, (27.3±4.0) mmol/L vs. (0.8±0.3) mmol/L, respectively]. Both the atorvastatin group [(24.0±3.1), (0.64±0.08), (2.04±0.41), (8.55±1.15), (22.0±3.2) mmol/L] and the chlorogenic acid group [(23.3±2.5), (0.88±0.14), (2.28±0.18), (8.90±0.29), (21.0±2.5) mmol/L] showed lower levels than the model group ( P<0.05). The model group had higher ALT, AST, and ALP levels than the control group [(274±43) U/L vs. (99±14) U/L, (130±66) U/L vs. (38±4) U/L, (86±15) U/L vs. (60±5) U/L, respectively]. Both the atorvastatin group [(139±12), (58±16), (69±5) U/L] and the chlorogenic acid group [(138±11), (55±16), (54±5) U/L] exhibited lower levels than the model group ( P<0.05). Inflammatory cytokines: The model group had higher IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels than the control group [(238±15) ng/L vs. (202±7) ng/L, (211±6) ng/L vs. (174±6) ng/L, (1 325±75) ng/L vs. (1 036±75) ng/L, respectively]. Both the atorvastatin group [(215±9), (191±4), (1 163±78) ng/L] and the chlorogenic acid group [(220±13), (195±7), (1 197±53) ng/L] showed reduced levels compared to the model group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Chlorogenic acid may inhibit aortic lipid plaque deposition and ameliorate AS in mice by improving lipid metabolism and suppressing inflammatory responses.

Objective To explore the risk factors for medium-and long-term mortality in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia(SCAP)based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care Ⅳ(MIMIC-Ⅳ),construct a prognostic model and evaluate its predictive efficacy.Methods In this retrospective cohort study,1943 SCAP patients from the U.S.MIMIC-Ⅳdatabase(2008-2019)were randomly divided into training(n=1363)and validation(n=580)sets(7:3 ratio).Primary and secondary endpoints were 1-year and 30-/90-day all-cause mortality,respectively.Prognostic factors were selected using LASSO regression and multivariable Cox proportional hazards modeling,and a visual nomogram model was built.Model performance was assessed via C-index,receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curves,and calibration curves,and compared with the CURB-65 score.Risk stratification was validated using Kaplan-Meier analysis.Results The 30-day,90-day,and 1-year all-cause mortality rates for SCAP patients were 25.9％,34.5％,and 42.6％,respectively.Seven independent risk factors were identified:age(HR=1.037),heart rate(HR=1.007),red blood cell distribution width(RDW,HR=1.092),Acute Physiology Score Ⅲ(APS-Ⅲ,HR=1.013),cerebrovascular disease(HR=1.453),liver disease(HR=1.272),and malignancy(HR=2.007).Based on these factors,Cox regression model was constructed and nomogram was drawn,C-indices of training set and validation set were 0.710 and 0.688,respectively.For 1-year mortality prediction,the model achieved superior area under the ROC curve(AUC)values(training set:0.768;validation set:0.738)compared with CURB-65 score(training set:0.648;validation set:0.616).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed significantly worse survival in high-risk group than low-risk group(P<0.0001).Conclusions Age,heart rate,RDW,APS-Ⅲ,cerebrovascular disease,liver disease,and malignant tumor were medium-and long-term mortality risk factors in SCAP patients.The prognostic model constructed based on these factors has high predictive power and provides an important clinical diagnosis and treatment reference.

Objective To assess the efficacy of a novel inguinal tourniquet in healthy individuals and to investigate the relationship between localized inguinal compression and femoral artery blood flow occlusion.Methods A self-controlled study was conducted.From November 9 to November 30,2024,11 volunteers were recruited at the Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital.Three compression methods--finger pressure,a novel groin tourniquet,and a SAM junction tourniquet(SJT)—were applied bilaterally to the inguinal region until distal blood flow signals disappeared.Each compression method was tested in 22 trials with a 5-minute interval between operations.Differences in hemostatic efficacy between bilateral inguinal regions and across compression methods were compared.Subsequently,the novel tourniquet was incrementally pressurized in 120 mmHg multiples using an integrated pressure device to analyze trends in popliteal artery blood flow velocity.Observational indicators included the internal pressure of the tourniquet pressurization device,peak systolic velocity(PSV)of popliteal artery,inguinal surface pressure magnitude,inguinal surface pressure distribution,and pain scores(assessed using a single-dimensional numerical rating scale).Results No statistically significant difference was observed in the minimum pressure required to occlude femoral artery blood flow bilaterally(P>0.05).The success rates of femoral artery blood flow occlusion at the inguinal region were 100%for the novel inguinal tourniquet,SJT,and finger pressure.The novel inguinal tourniquet induced the highest pain scores,ranging from 5 to 8.A significant reduction in PSV of popliteal artery was noted when the intra-tourniquet pressure reached 360 mmHg and 480 mmHg(P<0.05),with a 95%hemostasis efficacy observed within the range of 360-600 mmHg.No significant association was observed between the recovery of popliteal artery blood flow after limb movement and inguinal pressure distribution(P>0.05).The PSV of popliteal artery exhibited the strongest negative correlation with the average pressure within the inguinal compression area(r=-0.79,P<0.001),with a linear regression fitting line of y=69.69-0.13x(P<0.001,R2=0.58).Conclusions The novel inguinal tourniquet effectively occludes femoral artery blood flow within a pressure range of 360-600 mmHg,accompanied by moderate-to-severe pain.Its hemostatic mechanism mainly relies on increasing the mean pressure within the inguinal compression area.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between the expression types of platelet membrane glycoprotein antibodies and the treatment outcomes in children with immune thrombocytopenia(ITP).Methods:Clinical data of 73 children with ITP who were treated with gamma globulin and glucocorticoid in our hospital from Nov 2020 to Feb 2022 was retrospectively analyzed.The therapeutic efficacy was compared among children with different characteristics and antibody expression types.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of therapeutic efficacy.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in therapeutic efficacy among children with different ages,genders,with or without history of preceding infections,or bleeding manifestations(P＞0.05).However,significant differences in efficacy were found among children with different antibody expression types(P=0.001).Logistic regression analysis showed that double-positive antibodies of anti-GPⅡb/Ⅲa antibody and anti-GPⅠb/Ⅳ antibody was a factor affecting therapeutic efficacy(OR=0.061,95%CI:0.006-0.606,P＜0.05).Conclusion:Compared to double antibody negativity,double antibody positivity can significantly reduce the treatment efficacy in ITP children,and the efficacy of positive anti-GP Ⅱb/Ⅲ a and anti-GPⅠb/Ⅳ antibodies is similar to that of double antibody negativity.

Objective:To investigate the effect of chlorogenic acid on atherosclerosis (AS) in a mouse model.Methods:Twenty-four specific pathogen-free male ApoE-/- mice were adaptively fed for 1 week and then randomly divided into three groups ( n=8 per group): The model group, the atorvastatin group, and the chlorogenic acid group. All three groups were fed with a high-fat diet. Eight male C57BL/6N wild-type mice served as the control group and were fed with a standard diet. After 8 weeks, the atorvastatin group received intragastric administration of a solution containing 0.9% sodium chloride +2.6 mg/kg atorvastatin at 10 mL/kg, while the chlorogenic acid group received 0.9% sodium chloride +200 mg/kg chlorogenic acid at 10 mL/kg. The control and model groups were given an equal volume of 0.9% sodium chloride once a day. After 9 weeks of continuous treatment, the mice were anesthetized, and the aortas were collected for Oil Red O staining. Image J was used to measure plaque area and total vascular area, and the percentage was calculated. Liver tissues were subjected to hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining to observe pathological changes. Blood samples from the abdominal aorta were collected to measure lipid profiles [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)], liver function markers [aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP)], and inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)]. Non-HDL-C levels were calculated as TC minus HDL-C. Results:Aortic lipid plaque area: The model group exhibited a significantly higher plaque area than the control group [(44.91±1.91)% vs. (0.21±0.11)%]. Both the atorvastatin group [(15.00±1.29)%] and the chlorogenic acid group [(26.13±2.16)%] showed reduced plaque areas compared to the model group ( P<0.05). Liver pathology: The control group displayed intact hepatocyte structure with regular morphology, whereas the model group exhibited significant steatosis. Both the atorvastatin and chlorogenic acid groups showed alleviated liver damage compared to the model group. Blood lipid levels: The model group had higher TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C levels than the control group [(30.3±4.0) mmol/L vs. (2.8±0.3) mmol/L, (1.26±0.32) mmol/L vs. (0.52±0.12) mmol/L, (3.02±0.39) mmol/L vs. (2.00±0.17) mmol/L, (14.87±5.23) mmol/L vs. (0.39±0.09) mmol/L, (27.3±4.0) mmol/L vs. (0.8±0.3) mmol/L, respectively]. Both the atorvastatin group [(24.0±3.1), (0.64±0.08), (2.04±0.41), (8.55±1.15), (22.0±3.2) mmol/L] and the chlorogenic acid group [(23.3±2.5), (0.88±0.14), (2.28±0.18), (8.90±0.29), (21.0±2.5) mmol/L] showed lower levels than the model group ( P<0.05). The model group had higher ALT, AST, and ALP levels than the control group [(274±43) U/L vs. (99±14) U/L, (130±66) U/L vs. (38±4) U/L, (86±15) U/L vs. (60±5) U/L, respectively]. Both the atorvastatin group [(139±12), (58±16), (69±5) U/L] and the chlorogenic acid group [(138±11), (55±16), (54±5) U/L] exhibited lower levels than the model group ( P<0.05). Inflammatory cytokines: The model group had higher IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels than the control group [(238±15) ng/L vs. (202±7) ng/L, (211±6) ng/L vs. (174±6) ng/L, (1 325±75) ng/L vs. (1 036±75) ng/L, respectively]. Both the atorvastatin group [(215±9), (191±4), (1 163±78) ng/L] and the chlorogenic acid group [(220±13), (195±7), (1 197±53) ng/L] showed reduced levels compared to the model group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Chlorogenic acid may inhibit aortic lipid plaque deposition and ameliorate AS in mice by improving lipid metabolism and suppressing inflammatory responses.

Metabolomics is a novel emerging technology recently applied in management of severe diseases and trauma,and has been widely used in gene analysis of disease metabolic disorders,clinical biomarker screening and disease diagnosis.This review comprehensively summarizes the latest research progress of the metabolomics in severe trauma and burns recently like traumatic brain injury(TBI),traumatic hemorrhagic shock,severe burns and so on.The paper elaborates the metabolomic technology which can quickly reflect the real-time metabolic changes of severely injured patients at different stages after injury,and uncovers new clinical biomarkers and potential drug targets of the patients with severe injuries thus improves the diagnosis and treatment strategies.Finally,we look for-ward to the current metabolomics research projects and tackling challenges on the burn-blast combined injuries,and the simultaneous development of multi-omics technology as well as artificial intelligence algorithms,which promotes the development of precision medicine.

This paper applied gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), network pharmacology and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (¹H NMR) metabolomics techniques to study the material basis and mechanism of action of Ning Shen Essential Oil in anti-insomnia. The main volatile components of Ning Shen Essential Oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the insomnia-related targets were predicted using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology Database and Analytical Platform (TCMSP) and the databases of GeneCards, OMIM and Drugbank. The insomnia model of rats was replicated by intraperitoneal injection of 4-chloro-DL-phenylalanine (PCPA). Animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Ethics No.: SDUTCM20221025010). The modulating effect of Compound Ning Shen Essential Oil on anxiety behavior of rats was evaluated by behavioral related indexes. The serum levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenotropic corticotropic hormone (ACTH) and melatonin (MT) were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Rat serum and hippocampus were taken for nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) metabolomics to detect the changes of endogenous metabolites in rat serum hippocampus, to designate the differential metabolites and to construct metabolic pathways. The results showed that the exercise distance in the open field experiment and the number of times and time to enter the open arm in the elevated cross maze experiment of the rats in the model group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The behavioral indexes of rats improved to different degrees after the administration of Ning Shen Essential Oil. The serum CRH and ACTH levels of rats in the model group increased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and the MT level decreased significantly (P < 0.01); After the intervention, serum CRH and ACTH levels were reduced to different degrees, and MT levels could be regressed. ¹H NMR metabolomics screened 10 potential biomarkers related to insomnia, which involved in 6 potential metabolic pathways. A total of 35 components of Ning Shen Essential Oil were detected by GC-MS, the main component targets of Ning Shen Essential Oil and insomnia disease targets were intersected, a total of 172 intersecting genes were screened, and 26 core targets were identified. The study demonstrated that Ning Shen Essential Oil had protective effects against PCPA-induced insomnia in rats, which was probably correlated with regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) related hormones and metabolism of amino acids, lipids and choline.