Estrogen, through binding to its receptors in the female endometrium, promotes the proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis of endometrial stromal cells, thereby playing a critical role in endometrial injury repair, regeneration, and the prevention and treatment of intrauterine adhesions. Currently, various estrogen-based pharmaceutical formulations are applied in clinical practice, and the development of related products is progressively advancing. This review systematically outlines the etiology of endometrial injury and the mechanisms by which estrogen facilitates endometrial repair and regeneration. Furthermore, it highlights recent research progress and clinical applications of estrogen-based therapies in endometrial regeneration, aiming to provide a valuable reference for relevant scientific research and clinical practice.

Estrogen, through binding to its receptors in the female endometrium, promotes the proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis of endometrial stromal cells, thereby playing a critical role in endometrial injury repair, regeneration, and the prevention and treatment of intrauterine adhesions. Currently, various estrogen-based pharmaceutical formulations are applied in clinical practice, and the development of related products is progressively advancing. This review systematically outlines the etiology of endometrial injury and the mechanisms by which estrogen facilitates endometrial repair and regeneration. Furthermore, it highlights recent research progress and clinical applications of estrogen-based therapies in endometrial regeneration, aiming to provide a valuable reference for relevant scientific research and clinical practice.