Objective To investigate the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum LB12 on kidney calcium oxalate stones in rats.Methods A total of 24 male SD rats aged 6～8 weeks were randomly divided into four groups:control group,model group,LB12 group,and LB12 intervention group,with 6 rats in each group.The control group and LB12 group had free access to water,and were gavaged with 2 mL of normal saline in the morning.In the evening,the control group received 2 mL of normal saline,while the LB12 group received 2 mL of Lactobacillus plantarum LB12 suspension.The model group and LB12 intervention group were given 1%ethylene glycol in drink-ing water and 2 mL of 2%ammonium chloride solution via gavage in the morning.In the evening,both groups received 2 mL of normal saline and 2 mL of Lactobacillus plantarum LB12 suspension,respectively.After the experiment,the body weight change trend of the rats was recorded,and the levels of urinary calcium,urinary oxalate,serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,renal SOD,and MDA were measured.Additionally,H&E staining,VK staining,immunohistochemistry,ROS fluorescence analysis,and Western blot(WB)were performed on kidney tissues.Results Lactobacillus plantarum LB12 demonstrated a 12.34%oxalate degradation rate in vitro.Further animal experiments indicated that Lactobacillus plantarum LB12 alleviated the weight loss trend in the model rats and reduced the levels of urinary calcium,urinary oxalate,serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,and MDA,while increasing SOD levels(P<0.05).Histopathological analysis revealed that the LB12 intervention group had signifi-cantly fewer renal crystals compared to the model group,with lower expressions of IL-6 and ROS(P<0.01).Western blot analysis demonstrated that Lactobacillus plantarum LB12 inhibited the expression of TLR4,NF-κB,and OPN proteins(P<0.01).Conclusions Lactobacillus plantarum LB12 can effectively alleviate the oxidative stress damage caused by calcium oxalate stones to the kidneys and reduce kidney crystal formation in rats.Further-more,it inhibits the expression of TLR4/NF-κB and OPN,making it a potential therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of kidney calcium oxalate stones.

Objective To investigate the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum LB12 on kidney calcium oxalate stones in rats.Methods A total of 24 male SD rats aged 6～8 weeks were randomly divided into four groups:control group,model group,LB12 group,and LB12 intervention group,with 6 rats in each group.The control group and LB12 group had free access to water,and were gavaged with 2 mL of normal saline in the morning.In the evening,the control group received 2 mL of normal saline,while the LB12 group received 2 mL of Lactobacillus plantarum LB12 suspension.The model group and LB12 intervention group were given 1%ethylene glycol in drink-ing water and 2 mL of 2%ammonium chloride solution via gavage in the morning.In the evening,both groups received 2 mL of normal saline and 2 mL of Lactobacillus plantarum LB12 suspension,respectively.After the experiment,the body weight change trend of the rats was recorded,and the levels of urinary calcium,urinary oxalate,serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,renal SOD,and MDA were measured.Additionally,H&E staining,VK staining,immunohistochemistry,ROS fluorescence analysis,and Western blot(WB)were performed on kidney tissues.Results Lactobacillus plantarum LB12 demonstrated a 12.34%oxalate degradation rate in vitro.Further animal experiments indicated that Lactobacillus plantarum LB12 alleviated the weight loss trend in the model rats and reduced the levels of urinary calcium,urinary oxalate,serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,and MDA,while increasing SOD levels(P<0.05).Histopathological analysis revealed that the LB12 intervention group had signifi-cantly fewer renal crystals compared to the model group,with lower expressions of IL-6 and ROS(P<0.01).Western blot analysis demonstrated that Lactobacillus plantarum LB12 inhibited the expression of TLR4,NF-κB,and OPN proteins(P<0.01).Conclusions Lactobacillus plantarum LB12 can effectively alleviate the oxidative stress damage caused by calcium oxalate stones to the kidneys and reduce kidney crystal formation in rats.Further-more,it inhibits the expression of TLR4/NF-κB and OPN,making it a potential therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of kidney calcium oxalate stones.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of indirect haemagglutination assay (IHA) for detection of Schistosoma japonicum infections among boatmen and fishermen in Dongting Lake region, so as to provide insights into improving the schistosomiasis surveillance program among boatmen and fishermen. METHODS: The boatmen and fishermen were detected for S. japonicum infections using IHA and Kato-Katz technique or miracidium hatching test nylon gauze simultaneously at schistosomiasis testing sites in the anchor sites for boatmen and fishermen in the Dongting Lake region during the period from 2014 to 2016, and using IHA for serological screening followed by parasitological testing of seropositives during the period from 2017 to 2019. The sensitivity and specificity of IHA were evaluated for detection of S. japonicum infections among boatmen and fishermen, with the 2014-2016 parasitological testing results as a gold standard. In addition, the seroprevalence of S. japonicum infections was compared among boatmen and fishermen with different characteristics and among years. RESULTS: A total of 306 schistosomiasis testing sites were assigned for boatmen and fishermen, and a total of 143 360 person-time boatmen and fishermen were tested for S. japonicum infections in the Dongting Lake region from 2014 to 2019. The sensitivity and specificity of IHA were 69.9%, 97.3% and 96.1% (χ² = 74.6, P < 0.05), and 70.9%, 74.5% and 71.9% for detection of S. japonicum infections from 2014 to 2016 (χ² = 29.4, P < 0.05), respectively. The seroprevalence of S. japonicum infections reduced from 30.3% in 2014 to 1.8% in 2019 among boatmen and fishermen, appearing an overall tendency towards a decline (Z = 1 552.4, P < 0.05). In addition, male, individuals at ages of 45 to 60 years, full-time boatmen and fishermen were more likely to be seropositive for S. japonicum infections (all P values < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The seroprevalence of S. japonicum infections appeared a tendency towards a decline among boatmen and fishermen in the Dongting Lake region year by year from 2014 to 2019. IHA presented a high efficacy for screening of S. japonicum infections among boatmen and fishermen in the Dongting Lake region.
Animals ; China/epidemiology* ; Hemagglutination ; Humans ; Lakes ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Schistosoma japonicum ; Schistosomiasis/epidemiology* ; Schistosomiasis japonica/prevention & control* ; Seroepidemiologic Studies

"Jinchai Shihu" were called Jinchai and recoded in "Taishang Zhouhou Yujingfang" of Tang Dynasty, which first clearly documented the name of Shihu in complex Dendrobium medicines and were condiered as superior medicinal articles. Morphological features are one of the naming principles for Chinese medicines. In this paper, botanical origin plants under the names of "Jinchai" and "Jinchai Shihu" were investigated. Based on documents from the local Chronicles and historical accounts, the Chinese characters of Jinchai have the distinctive features of gold color and two hair clasps. Moreover, the hair clasps are usually cylindrical in shape with uniform thickness in middle and upper part, and tapers off to the foot. And its bottom part style is simple and head part is complex. Thus we speculated the herbal "Jinchai" and "Jinchai Shihu" should have similar morphologic features as Chinese characters of Jinchai, including golden color and hairpin shape of stems without braches, short and solid sterm. After comparing the dried vegetative morphology of 10 common medicinal Dendrobium species, we suggested that of Dendrobium flexicaule matches well with the morphological features from historical herbal records.

Objective To explore the efficacy and complications of small insicion surgical treatment and the routine microscopic surgical treatment for children with tight filum terminale type of tethered cord syndrome.Methods According to the clinical manifestations and imaging findings,a total of 43 children with tethered cord syndrome were classified into two groups.Namely the control group (30 cases) who underwent the routine microscopic surgery and the observation group (13 cases) who underwent the small insicion surgical treatment.The difference including prognosis,complications,hospital stays,size of the wound between the two groups were analyzed.Results The 43 children were followed up for 3 to 24 months with an average of 9 months.The results indicated that the postoperative effective rate of the control group was 93.3％,while it was 100％ in the observation group.The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant(P ＞ 0.05).The rate of complications of the control group was 6.67％ whlie it was 0.00％ in the observation group,and the difference of the two groups was statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).The difference of hospital stays and the size of the wound between the two groups were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The small insicion surgical treatment could guarantee the surgical effect for children with tight filum terminale type of tethered cord syndrome,and it can reduce the surgical trauma,post operation hospitalization duration,incidence of complications and intraoperative scar tissues.

Objective To optimize the optimal doses of histamine and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) in the establish-ment of guinea pigs models of itching, and to establish a new guinea pig model of itching. Methods The central composite design-response surface method was used to arrange the experiment. In the experiment different pruritus agents were hypo-dermically injection of 0. 5 mL in the depilated area, and the scratching incubation period and scratching number in 30 mi-nutes were counted after the injection. The guinea pig itching model was evaluated by observing the behavioral changes of guinea pigs and measuring the levels of histamine and interleukin-6 in the blood. Results The behavioral experiments found that the scratching frequency in the the combination group was significantly higher than the histamine group and 4-AP group (P<0. 01). The itching latency of the combination group was significantly shorter than that of the histamine group and 4-AP group (P<0. 01). Compared with the control group, the histamine concentrations of the combination group and histamine group were significantly increased ( P<0. 05 or P<0. 01 ) , and the level of the combination group was lower than that of the histamine group (P<0. 05). Compared with the control group, the serum IL-6 concentrations of histamine group, 4-AP group and combination group were significantly higher (P<0. 01 or P<0. 05), and those in the combination group were significantly higher than the histamine and 4-AP groups. Compared with the control group, pathologic examina-tion showed proliferation of inflammatory cells in all model groups, and the reaction of the combination group was more ob-vious. Conclusions The optimal conditions used in this experiment are easy to achieve and have good reproducibility in the establishment of a guinea pig model of itching.

Objective To study the characteristics of different papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC)subtypes and their prognosis after nephrectomy.Methods Clinical data of 14 PRCC patients(7 males,7 females)with ages ranging from 20-77 in our institute from 2005 to 2011 were retrospectively reviewed.There were 5 tumors in the left kidney and 9 tumors in the right kidney.The average maximum tumor diameter was 3.8(1.6-7.8)cm.Patients presented with gross hematuria(n =3),flank pain(n =3),palpable abdominal mass(n =1)or asymptomatic(n =7).The TNM stages were 8 T1aN0M0,2 T1bN0M0,1 T1aN0M1,1 T2aN0M0,1 T3aN0M0 and 1 T3aN1 M0.Six patients were treated with radical nephrectomy,8 cases were treated with partial nephrectomy.Results There were 6 type Ⅰ and 8 type Ⅱ PRCCs cases.In pathology,type Ⅰ PRCC showed papillae covered by small cells with scanty basophilic cytoplasm,and arranged in a single layer on the papillary basement membrane with low nuclear grade.Type Ⅱ PRCC was composed of cells with higher nuclear grade,abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm,and pseudostratified nuclei on papillary cores.There were 12 well-differentiated cases,2 moderate-differentiated cases and no poorly differentiated case.Follow-up was carried out from 12to 80 months.During the follow-up,1 patient with type Ⅰ PRCC developed multiple lung metastases 26 month after surgery and deteriorated into hepatic and bone metastases at 34 month after surgery.We offered the patient with targeted therapy and the patient was still alive.There was 1 type Ⅱ PRCC patient died with multiple metastases at 42 month after surgery.Others were still alive without local recurrence and metastasis.Conclusions PRCC is not a common subtype of renal cell carcinoma in China.Early stage PRCC patient would achieve good prognosis after treated with nephrectomy.Targeted therapy is a good treatment option for metastatic papillary renal cell carcinoma patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect and indication of one stage posterior debridement and bone grafting fusion and internal fixation for thoracic tuberculosis.

METHODSFrom January 2005 to May 2011,12 patients with thoracic tuberculosis were treated with one stage posterior debridement and pedicle screw fixation combined with regular anti-tuberculosis treatment before and after operation. There were 7 males and 5 females,with an average age of 45 years and average course of 15 months. Information of operative time, blood loss, bony fusion, local kyphosis and neurologic functional were evaluated.

RESULTSAll infective focus were thoroughly removed and bone graft obtained fusion. The mean of operative time and blood loss were 170 min (120-210 min) and 510 ml (200-1 000 ml),respectively. Cobb angle from (28.7 +/- 9.2) degrees preoperatively decreased to (8.2 +/- 3.5) degrees postoperatively(P<0.05). No kyphosis correction loss,tubercular recurrence or failure of internal fixation was found. According to Frankel grade to evaluate neurological function, all patients arrived to grade E.

CONCLUSIONOne stage posterior debridement and bone grafting fusion and internal fixation is an effective method in treating thoracic tuberculosis. It has advantages such as thorough debridement, short operative time, less blood loss, more kyphosis correction and higher bony fusion rate.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Screws ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Debridement ; methods ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; surgery ; Tuberculosis, Spinal ; surgery

Methanotrophs can catalyze hydroxylate of methane and some hydrocarbon. Which play an important role in mitigating global warming and have also potential significance for industrial applications or bioremediation. A high activity of hydroxylase, a crucial component in sMMO, from Methylosinus trichosporium IMV 3011 has been purified to homologues by using chromatographic techniques. The molecular weight of the hydroxylase determined by gel filtration is 201.3 kD, and SDS-PAGE showed that hydroxylase consists of three subunits(alpha beta gamma) with molecular weights of 58kD, 36kD and 23kD respectively, drawing a comparison both methods indicated that the hydroxylase is a homodimer with an (alpha beta gamma)2 configuration. Purified hydroxylase has a pI at 5.2 judged by thin layer isoelectric focusing. The purified hydroxylase contains 3.02 mol of iron per mol of protein. The stability pH for the hydroxylase in solution is 5.8-8.0 and the stability temperature is below 35 degrees C. The cells form show a long, bent, and rod-shaped with even surface observed by scanning electron microscopy.
Chemical Phenomena ; Enzyme Stability ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Iron ; metabolism ; Methylosinus trichosporium ; enzymology ; Microscopy, Electron ; Oxygenases ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ; Temperature