Objective:To analyze the variation trends in the levels of apolipoprotein B (ApoB), the ratio of apolipoprotein B to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ApoB/LDL-C), and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) among patients and individuals undergoing physical examinations at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from 2014 to 2024.Methods:Data on ApoB, LDL-C, and nonHDL-C levels were collected from individuals (the overall population) who visited or underwent physical examinations at our hospital from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2024, as well as from individuals (the fixed population) who were tested annually over the 11-year period. The Mann-Kendall test combined with Sen slope estimation was used to analyze the trends. The abnormal rates of ApoB and non-HDL-C in both the overall and fixed populations, as well as the changes in the first and last test results over the 11 years in the fixed population, were also analyzed.Results:The overall population totaled 1 679 440 cases, aged 57 (45, 67) years, and 718 738 cases (42.8%) were female, of which 1 250 234 cases (74.4%) were in the patient population and 429 206 cases (25.6%) were in the health check population. The fixed population of 1 560 cases was 56 (45, 65) years old and 655 cases (42.0%) were female, of which 1 044 cases (66.9%) were in the patient population and 516 cases (33.1%) in the health check population. Between 2014 and 2024, the overall population ApoB decreased from 0.842 g/L to 0.822 g/L (Sen slope -0.001 g·L -1·year -1, P=0.01), the abnormality rate decreased from 24.70% to 22.03% (Sen slope -0.50%/year, P=0.06), and 69.4% of the fixed population showed no change in the subgroups of initial and final tests. ApoB/LDL-C increased from 0.824 to 0.868 (Sen slope -0.003/year, P=0.72). Non-HDL-C decreased from 3.46 mmol/L to 3.32 mmol/L (Sen slope 0.018 mmol·L -1·year -1, P=0.35), with a statistically significant upward trend since 2019 (Sen slope 0.037 mmol·L -1·year -1, P=0.008), and the anomaly rate decreased from 24.3% to 22.7% (Sen slope 0.55%/year, P=0.64), with a statistically significant upward trend since 2019 (Sen slope 1.53%/year, P=0.014), and no change in the grouping of the first and last tests in 75.0% of the fixed population. The trends in the above items were consistent between the overall population and the fixed population. 20-<40 year olds had the most significant upward trend in non-HDL-C along with the least significant downward trend in ApoB/LDL-C and ApoB. Conclusion:ApoB in the overall and fixed populations from 2014-2024 in a Shanghai hospital showed a decreasing trend, and non-HDL-C and abnormality rates showed an increasing trend from 2019 onwards.

Objective:To analyze the trend of lipid changes in patients and individuals undergoing physical examination at Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from 2014 to 2024, providing evidence for the formulation of cardiovascular disease prevention and control strategies.Methods:A total of 2 657 835 individuals (general population) who underwent lipid testing during medical visits or physical examinations at Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2024, were selected. Among them, 6 234 individuals who were tested consecutively for 11 years were considered as the fixed population. Lipid levels were analyzed across different genders and age groups. Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were analyzed. The trends in lipid changes and the abnormal rates of TC (≥5.18 mmol/L) and LDL-C (≥3.40 mmol/L) in both the general and fixed populations were statistically analyzed.Results:The median age of the general population was 53 (41, 63) years, with 1 498 533 males (56.4%); 1 149 662 individuals (43.3%) were from the physical examination group. The median age of the fixed population was 52 (39, 62) years, with 3 262 males (52.3%); 2 955 individuals (47.4%) were from the physical examination group. Over an 11-year period, the logarithmically transformed TG (lnTG) in the general population slightly increased from 1.35 mmol/L to 1.36 mmol/L (Sen slope=0.007 mmol·L -1·year -1; S=27, P=0.043). Although there were fluctuations in TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C, the trends were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). However, in the subset of the population undergoing regular health check-ups, TC showed a steady increase over time ( S=27, P=0.043). Within a fixed population over the same 11-year period, there were no statistically significant changes in lipid profiles ( P>0.05). Nevertheless, in the fixed subset undergoing regular health check-ups, both TC and lnTG exhibited an upward trend (TC: S=27, P=0.043; lnTG: S=31, P=0.020), while in the fixed subset seeking medical attention, TC and LDL-C demonstrated a downward trend (TC: S=-31, P=0.020; LDL-C: S=-27, P=0.043). Trends in lipid profiles varied among different genders and age groups. Specifically, both men and women aged 20-<40 years old showed an increase in TC, abnormal TC rates, and abnormal LDL-C rates ( P<0.05). Conversely, in the fixed population, women over 60 years old exhibited a decrease in TC, abnormal TC rates, and abnormal LDL-C rates ( P<0.05). Conclusion:During the period from 2014 to 2024, there were slight fluctuations in the average lipid levels of both the general and fixed populations. Notably, TC, abnormal TC rates, and abnormal LDL-C rates increased among men and women aged 20-<40 years old, while these parameters decreased among women over 60 years old in the fixed population.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of biapenem combined with moxifloxacin on treatment of the elderly patients with severe pneumonia based on the expression levels of microribonucleic acid(miR)-146a,miR-124 and miR-127.METHODS A total of 112 elderly patients with severe pneumonia who were treated in Jiangnan Uni-versity Affiliated Central Hospital from Jan.2021 to Oct.2023 were recruited as the research subjects and were randomly divided into the study group and the control group,with 56 cases in each group.The control group was treated with moxifloxacin,and the study group was treated with biapenem combined with moxifloxacin,and both groups were treated for 10 consecutive days.The curative effect was compared between the two groups after the treatment for 10 days,the rehabilitation status was observed;the curative effect,expression levels of miR-146a,miR-124 and miR-127 as well as inflammatory response were compared between the two groups before and after the treatment.The adverse reactions during the treatment were analyzed.RESULTS The total effective rate of the study group was 92.86％(52/56)after the treatment for 10 days,higher than 75.00％(42/56)of the control group(x2=10.693,P=0.001).The duration of cough,lung rales,recovery of body temperature and mechanical ventilation were shorter in the study group than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The expression levels of miR-146a and miR-127 of the two groups were lower after the treatment for 10 days than those before the treat-ment,the levels of whole blood white blood cell(WBC)counts,serum interleukin-6(IL-6)and procalcitonin(PCT)were lower after the treatment for 10 days than those before the treatment;the levels of the above indexes of the study group were lower than those of the control group(P＜0.05).The expression level of serum miR-124 of the two groups was higher after the treatment for 10 days than those before the treatment,and the level of the study group was higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions was 14.29％in the study group,10.71％in the control group,and there was no significant difference(x2=1.298,P=0.255).CONCLUSION Biapenem combined with moxifloxacin can achieve exact effect on treatment of the elderly patients with severe pneumonia,regulate the expression levels of miR-146a,miR-124 and miR-127,inhibit the in-flammatory response of the body,and promote the rehabilitation,with the safety favorable.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of biapenem combined with moxifloxacin on treatment of the elderly patients with severe pneumonia based on the expression levels of microribonucleic acid(miR)-146a,miR-124 and miR-127.METHODS A total of 112 elderly patients with severe pneumonia who were treated in Jiangnan Uni-versity Affiliated Central Hospital from Jan.2021 to Oct.2023 were recruited as the research subjects and were randomly divided into the study group and the control group,with 56 cases in each group.The control group was treated with moxifloxacin,and the study group was treated with biapenem combined with moxifloxacin,and both groups were treated for 10 consecutive days.The curative effect was compared between the two groups after the treatment for 10 days,the rehabilitation status was observed;the curative effect,expression levels of miR-146a,miR-124 and miR-127 as well as inflammatory response were compared between the two groups before and after the treatment.The adverse reactions during the treatment were analyzed.RESULTS The total effective rate of the study group was 92.86％(52/56)after the treatment for 10 days,higher than 75.00％(42/56)of the control group(x2=10.693,P=0.001).The duration of cough,lung rales,recovery of body temperature and mechanical ventilation were shorter in the study group than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The expression levels of miR-146a and miR-127 of the two groups were lower after the treatment for 10 days than those before the treat-ment,the levels of whole blood white blood cell(WBC)counts,serum interleukin-6(IL-6)and procalcitonin(PCT)were lower after the treatment for 10 days than those before the treatment;the levels of the above indexes of the study group were lower than those of the control group(P＜0.05).The expression level of serum miR-124 of the two groups was higher after the treatment for 10 days than those before the treatment,and the level of the study group was higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions was 14.29％in the study group,10.71％in the control group,and there was no significant difference(x2=1.298,P=0.255).CONCLUSION Biapenem combined with moxifloxacin can achieve exact effect on treatment of the elderly patients with severe pneumonia,regulate the expression levels of miR-146a,miR-124 and miR-127,inhibit the in-flammatory response of the body,and promote the rehabilitation,with the safety favorable.

Objective:To analyze the variation trends in the levels of apolipoprotein B (ApoB), the ratio of apolipoprotein B to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ApoB/LDL-C), and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) among patients and individuals undergoing physical examinations at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from 2014 to 2024.Methods:Data on ApoB, LDL-C, and nonHDL-C levels were collected from individuals (the overall population) who visited or underwent physical examinations at our hospital from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2024, as well as from individuals (the fixed population) who were tested annually over the 11-year period. The Mann-Kendall test combined with Sen slope estimation was used to analyze the trends. The abnormal rates of ApoB and non-HDL-C in both the overall and fixed populations, as well as the changes in the first and last test results over the 11 years in the fixed population, were also analyzed.Results:The overall population totaled 1 679 440 cases, aged 57 (45, 67) years, and 718 738 cases (42.8%) were female, of which 1 250 234 cases (74.4%) were in the patient population and 429 206 cases (25.6%) were in the health check population. The fixed population of 1 560 cases was 56 (45, 65) years old and 655 cases (42.0%) were female, of which 1 044 cases (66.9%) were in the patient population and 516 cases (33.1%) in the health check population. Between 2014 and 2024, the overall population ApoB decreased from 0.842 g/L to 0.822 g/L (Sen slope -0.001 g·L -1·year -1, P=0.01), the abnormality rate decreased from 24.70% to 22.03% (Sen slope -0.50%/year, P=0.06), and 69.4% of the fixed population showed no change in the subgroups of initial and final tests. ApoB/LDL-C increased from 0.824 to 0.868 (Sen slope -0.003/year, P=0.72). Non-HDL-C decreased from 3.46 mmol/L to 3.32 mmol/L (Sen slope 0.018 mmol·L -1·year -1, P=0.35), with a statistically significant upward trend since 2019 (Sen slope 0.037 mmol·L -1·year -1, P=0.008), and the anomaly rate decreased from 24.3% to 22.7% (Sen slope 0.55%/year, P=0.64), with a statistically significant upward trend since 2019 (Sen slope 1.53%/year, P=0.014), and no change in the grouping of the first and last tests in 75.0% of the fixed population. The trends in the above items were consistent between the overall population and the fixed population. 20-<40 year olds had the most significant upward trend in non-HDL-C along with the least significant downward trend in ApoB/LDL-C and ApoB. Conclusion:ApoB in the overall and fixed populations from 2014-2024 in a Shanghai hospital showed a decreasing trend, and non-HDL-C and abnormality rates showed an increasing trend from 2019 onwards.

Objective:To analyze the trend of lipid changes in patients and individuals undergoing physical examination at Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from 2014 to 2024, providing evidence for the formulation of cardiovascular disease prevention and control strategies.Methods:A total of 2 657 835 individuals (general population) who underwent lipid testing during medical visits or physical examinations at Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2024, were selected. Among them, 6 234 individuals who were tested consecutively for 11 years were considered as the fixed population. Lipid levels were analyzed across different genders and age groups. Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were analyzed. The trends in lipid changes and the abnormal rates of TC (≥5.18 mmol/L) and LDL-C (≥3.40 mmol/L) in both the general and fixed populations were statistically analyzed.Results:The median age of the general population was 53 (41, 63) years, with 1 498 533 males (56.4%); 1 149 662 individuals (43.3%) were from the physical examination group. The median age of the fixed population was 52 (39, 62) years, with 3 262 males (52.3%); 2 955 individuals (47.4%) were from the physical examination group. Over an 11-year period, the logarithmically transformed TG (lnTG) in the general population slightly increased from 1.35 mmol/L to 1.36 mmol/L (Sen slope=0.007 mmol·L -1·year -1; S=27, P=0.043). Although there were fluctuations in TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C, the trends were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). However, in the subset of the population undergoing regular health check-ups, TC showed a steady increase over time ( S=27, P=0.043). Within a fixed population over the same 11-year period, there were no statistically significant changes in lipid profiles ( P>0.05). Nevertheless, in the fixed subset undergoing regular health check-ups, both TC and lnTG exhibited an upward trend (TC: S=27, P=0.043; lnTG: S=31, P=0.020), while in the fixed subset seeking medical attention, TC and LDL-C demonstrated a downward trend (TC: S=-31, P=0.020; LDL-C: S=-27, P=0.043). Trends in lipid profiles varied among different genders and age groups. Specifically, both men and women aged 20-<40 years old showed an increase in TC, abnormal TC rates, and abnormal LDL-C rates ( P<0.05). Conversely, in the fixed population, women over 60 years old exhibited a decrease in TC, abnormal TC rates, and abnormal LDL-C rates ( P<0.05). Conclusion:During the period from 2014 to 2024, there were slight fluctuations in the average lipid levels of both the general and fixed populations. Notably, TC, abnormal TC rates, and abnormal LDL-C rates increased among men and women aged 20-<40 years old, while these parameters decreased among women over 60 years old in the fixed population.

Objective:Cost accounting for its diagnosis items based on virtual standardized clinical chemistry laboratory.Methods:Relevant data of clinical chemistry laboratories from January to June 2019 were extracted from the laboratory information systems of 10 hospitals in Shanghai, and three health economic experts and the directors of their laboratory departments were interviewed in this regard.On such basis, a virtual standardized clinical chemistry laboratory was constructed. The project cost of the virtual laboratory was calculated from the aspects of supplies exhaust, labor and others. The routine clinical chemistry diagnosis items were clustered according to the principle of laboratory methods, and the cost differences of items in the same cluster were compared using paired t test. Results:The cost of rate method and dry chemical method in testing alanine aminotransferase was 5.12 and 11.63 respectively, and that of immune turbidimetry and immune scattering turbidimetry method in testing immunoglobulin G was 20.00 and 22.26 respectively. Cluster analysis was conducted on 214 routine clinical biochemical diagnostic items, of which 202 items were classified into 42 clusters. The average of clinical chemistry items accounted for 91.7%(4 493/4 900)of the total per day. Based on enzymology, the calculation costs of alanine aminotransferase(rate method), aspartate aminotransferase(rate method), cholesterol(enzyme method)and uric acid(enzyme method)was 5.12, 5.10, 5.24 and 5.14 respectively, presenting no statistical difference( P>0.05). Conclusions:Research on the cost accounting method of clinical chemistry laboratory diagnosis items constructed includes labor cost, reflects the technical labor value of medical staff. Cost accounting based on project clustering can provide references for medical service pricing and financial management of hospitals.

Objective To evaluate the value of immunofecal occult blood test (IFOBT) as a prognostic indicator in CKD patients with colorectal impairment.Methods A total of 176CKD patients and 180 healthy adults as control were enrolled.Serum biochemistry was measured at baseline and gastrointestinal bleeding was determined by IFOBT.All the CKD patients were followed up for 4.5 years.Renal replacement therapy or death was defined as end-point event.The Logistic regression analysis was used for risk factors.Kaplan-Meier analysis and COX regression model were used for survival analysis.Results The positive rate of IFOBT in CKD patients was significantly higher than healthy control (17％ vs 5.3％,χ2=13.236,P＜0.01).When comparing with IFOBT negitive patients,IFOBT positive patients were older [(62.030±15.544) years old vs (48.660±19.018)years old,P＜0.01],had higher ESR [(71.800±31.657) mu/h vs (57.210±32.712) mm/h,P＜0.05],C-reactive protein [6.230 (3.000～14.148) mg/L vs 3.000 (3.000～6.833)mg/L,P＜0.05],serum creatinine [419.100 (103.200～546.625) μmol/L vs 175.100 (68.150～462.950) μmol/L,P＜0.05],and had lower hemoglobin level [(97.970±20.590) g/L vs (107.170±27.988) g/L,P＜0.05] and eGFR [11.400 (8.671～53.544) ml·min1·(1.73 m2)1 vs 35.274(10.961～82.145) ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1,P＜0.01].There was a negative correlation between IFOBT value and eGFR in CKD patients (r=-0.20,P＜0.01).Positive correlations of IFOBT value with age (r=0.175,P＜0.05) and serum creatinine (r=0.171,P＜0.05) were found.Logistic regression and COX regression analysis showed that IFOBT value,eGFR and ESR were important factors that influenced the prognosis of CKD patients.Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that IFOBT value ＞100μg/L predicted progression of renal function.Conclusions The prevalence of gastrointestinal bleeding disorder is high in patients with CKD.Value of IFOBT independently predicts decline in renal function of CKD patients.

Gene mutation (e.g. substitution, insertion and deletion) and related phenotype information are important biomedical knowledge. Many biomedical databases (e.g. OMIM) incorporate such data. However, few studies have examined the quality of this data. In the current study, we examined the quality of protein single-point mutations in the OMIM and identified whether the corresponding reference sequences align with the mutation positions. Our results show that close to 20% of mutation data cannot be mapped to a single reference sequence. The failed mappings are caused by position conflict, site shifting (peptide, N-terminal methionine) and other types of data error. We propose a preliminary model to resolve such inconsistency in the OMIM database.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Consensus Sequence ; Databases, Genetic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Point Mutation ; Sequence Alignment