Objective: To investigate the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on mental health and sleep quality in female college students with normal weight obesity, so as to provide a reference for promoting their physical and mental health. Methods: From September to November 2024, 42 female college students who met the criteria for normal weight obesity were recruited from Anqing Medical College and randomly assigned to an HIIT group ( n =21) or a control group ( n =21) using a random number table. The HIIT group completed an 8 week intervention (3 sessions/week) at 75%-90% of maximum heart rate (HR max ), whereas the control group maintained their usual lifestyle. Before and after the intervention, body composition was measured, and anxiety, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Statistical analysis included t-test, two way mixed analysis of variance, simple effect analysis, Wilcoxon signed rank test，Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson product moment correlation analysis, and Fisher s Z-transformation test. Results: Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences between the HIIT group and the control group in body composition indicators (body weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, visceral fat level, visceral fat area, and waist circumference), psychological indicators (anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms), and sleep quality problems among female college students (all P >0.05). After the intervention, the above indicators in the HIIT group[（58.53±1.05）kg，（21.93±0.36）kg/m 2，（28.15±0.48）%，（7.31±0.43），（ 78.54± 4.28）cm 2，（75.91± 1.26 ）cm，2(1,3) scores,2(1,4) score,（6.15±1.58）score] all decreased ( F/Z =3.95，12.76，23.65，43.97，19.06，22.04，-3.35， -4.01 ，20.52，all P <0.05), and were all lower than those in the control group ( F/U =4.45， 6.82 ， 52.34 ，28.46，34.25，13.49， 344.0 ，327.0，31.62，all P <0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the above indicators in the control group before and after the intervention (all P >0.05).Before the intervention, the total score of sleep quality problems in the HIIT group of female college students was positively correlated with the depression symptom score ( r =0.54, P < 0.05 ), while the correlation in the control group was not statistically significant ( r =-0.10, P >0.05). After the intervention, the correlation was strengthened in the HIIT group ( r =0.81, P <0.05), and the strength of the association was greater than that in the control group ( Z =3.50, P <0.05). Conclusion HIIT may improve sleep quality and mental health in female college students with normal weight obesity.

China is currently in an accelerated stage of population aging, and brain diseases pose a significant threat to the health of the elderly. " Preventing brain aging and maintaining brain health" has become a high-level goal of healthy aging. During the process of aging, the physiological and psychological states of elderly people change, making them prone to nervousness and exhaustion, which can disturb the brain spirit, damage the brain collaterals, and severely endanger brain health. Starting from the holistic view of cultivating both body and spirit in traditional Chinese medicine, based on the physical and mental characteristics of the elderly, this paper applies the concept and method of " relaxation and tranquility" in the protection of elderly brain health, focusing on maintaining relaxation and tranquility in both physical and mental aspects. Specific measures include emphasizing subjective consciousness, relaxing the heart and calming down; utilizing the daoyin method, relaxing the body and calming down, combining relaxation and tranquility, cultivating both body and spirit to prevent diseases and protect the brain, which enables the elderly to have a healthy mind and body, a sense of happiness and fulfillment, and to age gracefully. Simultaneously, advocating for tranquility is also called " respect" for relaxation, following nature to understand constant changes, and improving one′s ability to think positively in old age, in order to expand ideas for the protection of elderly brain health.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） is a common clinical chronic airway disease with high morbidity， high mortality， a heavy disease burden， and complex mechanisms that have not been fully elucidated. Clinical problems promote the continuous progress of basic research. The establishment and evaluation of animal models is an important way to delve into the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of COPD. On the basis of the etiology， pathogenesis， diagnostic criteria， and syndrome differentiation of COPD in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and Western medicine， this paper summarizes the establishment methods and characteristics of existing animal models of COPD and analyzes the fitting degree of the models with the disease characteristics in Western medicine and syndrome characteristics in TCM. The results showed that the animal models of COPD in Western medicine were mainly induced by single factors and compound factors， and the model with the highest fitting degree was established by cigarette smoke combined with lipopolysaccharide and hormone. The model showed a fitting degree of 84% with the disease characteristics in Western medicine and 70% with the syndrome characteristics in TCM， being consistent with the clinical characteristics of COPD induced by multiple factors. Most of the animal models of COPD in TCM were established on the basis of disease models and combined with TCM etiology and pathogenesis characteristics， and prepared by syndrome differentiation. Among them， the model of accumulation of cold and water retention in lung had the highest fitting degree of 92% with the TCM diagnostic criteria. The models of phlegm-heat obstructing lung and phlegm-stasis obstructing lung had the fitting degree of 94% with clinical manifestations in Western medicine and the highest fitting degree with the diagnostic criteria in Western medicine. Different animal models of COPD have their own advantages and disadvantages， and most of them simply replicate the manifestations of COPD at a certain stage， failing to reflect the multiple causes and the dynamic changes of TCM etiology and pathogenesis. Moreover， the syndromes of these models fail to match the clinical syndromes in TCM. Therefore， establishing the animal models reflecting clinical characteristics of COPD in TCM and Western medicine and improving the model evaluation criteria are important contents to promote the overall development of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine for COPD.

Objective To investigate the application effect of a refined early diet plan in patients with distal gastric cancer after laparoscopic radical surgery.Methods By convenience sampling method,46 patients with laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for distal gastric cancer admitted to a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province from July to December 2023 were selected as an experimental group,while 49 patients admitted from January to June 2023 as a control group.The experimental group was administered with the refined early diet plan,and the control group was administered with conventional methods.The intervention period was from the first day after surgery to discharge.The differences of the first postoperative defecation time,perioperative thirst and hunger score,postoperative hospitalization time,hospitalization cost,postoperative complications and the incidence of readmission 30 days after surgery were compared between the 2 groups.Results 42 patients in the experimental group and 49 patients in the control group completed the study.First postoperative exhaust time(t=4.922,P＜0.001),first postopera-tive defecation time(Z=-2.440,P=0.015),perioperative thirst score(Z=-8.024,P＜0.001),perioperative hunger score(Z=-8.192,P＜0.00 1),postoperative hospitalization time(Z=-7.622,P＜0.001)and hospitalization cost(Z=-4.522,P＜0.001)were lower than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant.There was no significant difference in complication rate and 30-day readmission rate between the experimental group and the control group(P＞0.05).Conclusion The refined early diet plan is safe and effective for early recovery of patients after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for distal gastric cancer,promoting intestinal function recovery,shortening hospital stay,reducing hospital costs,and improving patients'subjective comfort.

Objective:To investigate the features of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in children with sepsis and evaluate the value of these cells in combination with multiple indicators in the diagnosis of pediatric sepsis.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 86 sepsis children and 83 children with local infection admitted to Hebei Children′s Hospital from October 2022 to October 2024. Baseline clinical data, peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, and other laboratory indicators were compared between the two groups. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate the independent risk factors correlated with the initiation of sepsis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the value of each independent risk factor for diagnosing sepsis.Results:The thrombin time, the absolute counts of NK, CD3 + T, CD4 + T, and CD8 + T cells, the levels of IgG and IgM, and the counts of lymphocytes and platelets were lower in the sepsis children than in the children with local infection. However, the prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time, the levels of fibrinogen, direct bilirubin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were higher in the sepsis group (all P<0.05). The variables screened by LASSO regression were analyzed by the multivariate logistic regression, and the results showed that PT, absolute CD4 + T cell count, and the levels of IgM and CRP were independent risk factors for sepsis. The ROC analysis indicated that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for PT, absolute CD4 + T cell count, and IgM and CRP levels when used individually in diagnosing sepsis was 0.729, 0.593, 0.605, and 0.795, respectively. The AUC for the four indexes when used in combination for diagnosing sepsis reached 0.822, showing greater superiority over that of the single index. Conclusions:The combined measurement of PT, absolute CD4 + T cell count, and the levels of IgM and CRP can improve the diagnostic efficacy for sepsis in children. Early monitoring of these indexes facilitates the assessment of the condition in children suffering from sepsis.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.), as a thermophilic crop, is highly susceptible to cold stress during its growth process. Chilling injury at the plumule stage and seedling stage often affects the morphological development and leads to yield reduction of rice. The exploration and utilization of cold tolerance genes are among the most direct and effective approaches to address cold stress in rice. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with cold tolerance at plumule and seedling stages, in this study, we measured the seedling rates and survived seedling rates of the indica rice cultivar 'HZ', the japonica cultivar 'Nekken2', and their 120 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) under cold stress. A previously constructed high-density genetic linkage map was used for the mapping of the QTLs conferring cold tolerance at the plumule and seedling stages. A total of 4 QTLs for plumule-stage cold tolerance and 9 QTLs for seedling-stage cold tolerance were detected, with the maximum limit of detection reaching 5.20. Notably, a genetically overlapping QTL for both plumule and seedling stages was identified on chromosome 8, spanning a physical interval of 24 432 953-25 295 129 bp. Candidate genes within the detected QTL intervals were screened, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to analyze the gene expression during the plumule and seedling stages. The results revealed that LOC_Os03g06570, LOC_Os03g07100, LOC_Os06g08280, LOC_Os08g38440, LOC_Os08g39100, and LOC_Os08g39540 exhibited significantly differential expression between the parental lines. These genes were either significantly downregulated or upregulated under cold stress. Among them, the first three gene (LOC_Os03g06570, LOC_Os03g07100, and LOC_Os06g08280) were hypothesized to be key candidates regulating the cold tolerance of rice seedlings, while the latter three genes (LOC_Os08g38440, LOC_Os08g39100, and LOC_Os08g39540) were identified as comprehensive regulators of cold tolerance during both plumule and seedling stages. These findings lay a foundation for the fine mapping and cloning of cold tolerance genes at the plumule and seedling stages, providing valuable insights for breeding cold-tolerant rice varieties.
Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics* ; Oryza/growth & development* ; Seedlings/growth & development* ; Cold Temperature ; Chromosome Mapping ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant

ObjectiveTo develop a scientifically rigorous and contextually appropriate instrument for evaluating the health service experience of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in China, to enable systematic assessment of core medical care dimensions, and to provide quantitative evidence for service improvement. MethodsGrounded in the theoretical framework of healthcare accessibility and the clinical care pathway for tuberculosis patients, the tool was developed through a systematic literature review and the Delphi expert consultation method. A multi-stage cluster sampling strategy was employed to survey pulmonary tuberculosis patients who had been receiving treatment for more than two months, aimed to explore the scale’s applicability in real-world settings. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s α and split-half reliability coefficients. Validity was evaluated through content validity, structural validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. ResultsThe tool was composed of 21 items across four dimensions: awareness, accessibility, affordability, and acceptability of tuberculosis medical care. It demonstrated a Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.838 and a split-half reliability coefficient of 0.859. Exploratory factor analyses extracted six factors: satisfaction with healthcare services, supportive role of nurses, affordability of treatment costs, doctor-patient communication, waiting time for medical appointments, and transportation cost. The goodness-of-fit index (GFI) and other indices met the recommended standards, with the loading matrix indicating robust structural validity of the tool. The constructed factor model exhibited satisfactory content validity and discriminant validity. ConclusionThe scale for assessing patients’ experiences with tuberculosis-related medical care developed in this study demonstrates good reliability and validity and serves as a practical tool for evaluating patient experiences of tuberculosis medical care in China.

Objective:To standardize the management of Investigator-Initiated Trials(IITs) and improve the quality of research projects, this study takes a tertiary hospital in Beijing as an example to analyze the key risk points in the implementation process of IITs and proposes countermeasures based on the issues identified during the management process.Methods:The study analyzed the IITs conducted at in the hospital from 2022 to 2023, focusing on 4 aspects: project classification evaluation and management (risk management), project implementation quality (process management), collaboration and support conditions(contract review and execution), and participant protection (medical ethics). It examined the key points and difficulties in project process management to standardize the quality management of IITs.Results:The implementation process management of IITs in medical institutions was an essential component for standardized clinical research management and an effective means to ensure the scientific nature of clinical research and the quality of data.Conclusions:Medical institutions should establish an effective and feasible IIT quality management system to comprehensively enhance the quality of IIT project, aiming to produce high-quality clinical research outcomes.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of local injection of triamcinolone acetonide acetate combined with ultra-pulsed CO 2 fractional laser in the treatment of hypertrophic scars in children. Methods:A randomized controlled study method was used. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the subjects were selected from children with hypertrophic scars admitted to the Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University from January 2022 to September 2023, and were divided into control group and experimental group using random number table method. The control group was treated with ultra-pulsed CO 2 fractional laser. The experimental group was injected with triamcinolone acetonide acetate injection at multiple points into the scar (the ratio of triamcinolone acetonide acetate injection to 2% lidocoin hydrochloride injection was 1∶1), with a distance between the points as 1 cm, and the injection dose was about 0.1 to 0.2 ml/cm 2 according to the degree of scar protrusion. The maximum dose each time was ≤40 mg. CO 2 fractional laser treatment was performed after 10 minutes of cold compress with ice bag. Scars in both groups were treated 3 times, with an interval of 2 to 3 months. Before the treatment and 6 months after the last treatment, the Vancouver scar scale (VSS) was performed on both groups of scars score, the total score was 0 - 15. The higher the score, the more serious the scar hyperplasia was. Six months after the last treatment, the scar treatment effects of the two groups were comprehensively evaluated and divided into 3 levels: markedly effective, effective and ineffective. The total effective rate =(markedly effective + effective) number of cases/total number of cases ×100%. Patient satisfaction was investigated 6 months after the last treatment and divided into 5 levels: very satisfied, satisfied, average, dissatisfied, and very dissatisfied. Satisfaction rate =(very satisfied + satisfied) number of cases/total number of cases ×100%. The occurrence of adverse reactions was recorded throughout the treatment process. Analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0 software. Measurement data were expressed as Mean±SD, inter-group comparisons were performed using independent samples t-test, intra-group comparisons were performed using paired t-test, counting data were expressed as examples and percentages, and comparisons between the two groups were performed using χ2 test. P<0.05 indicated that the difference was statistically significant. Results:A total of 82 children with hypertrophic scars were included, 33 males and 49 females, aged 1 to 15 years old, with an area of 5 to 45 cm 2. The pathogenic factors were trauma, burns, and surgery. The course of disease was 2 to 30 months. Among them, 41 patients in the control group, 16 males and 25 females; the age was (5.8±1.6) years; 41 patients in the experimental group, 17 males and 24 females, the age was (5.6±1.5) years. There were no significant differences in age, gender, scar area, pathogenic factors and course of disease between the two groups ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in VSS scores between the experimental group and the control group before the treatment [(9.42±1.35) points vs. (9.06±1.57) points, P>0.05]. Six months after the last treatment, there was a significant difference in VSS scores between the experimental group and the control group [(4.12±0.56) points vs. (5.50±0.75) points, P<0.01]. The VSS scores of children in both groups were significantly lower than those before the treatment ( P<0.01). Six months after the last treatment, the comprehensive evaluation result showed that the total effective rate in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group [92.7%(38/41) vs. 75.6%(31/41), P<0.05]. Six months after the last treatment, the patient satisfaction survey showed that the satisfaction rate in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group [87.8%(36/41) vs. 58.5%(24/41), P<0.01]. The main adverse reactions during treatment included edema erythema, skin ruptures, skin atrophy, and vigorous hair growth. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the experimental group and the control group [12.2%(5/41) vs. 7.3%(3/41), P>0.05]. Conclusion:Local injection of triamcinolone acetonide acetate combined with ultra-pulsed CO 2 fractional laser is more effective in treating children’s hypertrophic scars. It can significantly improve the appearance of scars, reduce clinical symptoms, with fewer adverse reactions, and high patient satisfaction.

Objective:To quantitatively evaluate the effects of left bundle branch block（LBBB）on left ventricular structure，function and myocardial perfusion using left ventricular pressure-strain loop and single photon emission computed tomography（SPECT），and to investigate the relationship between myocardial work，myocardial perfusion and pathological changes of left ventricular remodeling in left bundle branch block induced cardiomyopathy（LBBB-CM）.Methods:Fourteen male beagle dogs were selected，and the main trunk of the left bundle branch was ablated to create an LBBB dog model. Electrocardiogram（ECG），transesophageal echocardiography and arterial blood pressure data of LBBB dogs were collected before and 12 months after the ablation of left bundle branch trunk. Global and segmental myocardial work parameters were obtained by left ventricular pressure-strain loop. The differences of above parameters between baseline and 12 months after the ablation of left bundle branch were compared. SPECT was performed in LBBB dogs 12 months after the creation of LBBB. The hearts were harvested for anatomy observation and histopathological analysis in LBBB dogs and another 7 male beagle dogs（normal control group）matched by age and weight. The correlation between myocardial perfusion（percentage of regional tracer uptake）and myocardial work parameters，myocardial fibrosis in LBBB dogs were analyzed.Results:Compared with baseline，the left ventricular end-diastolic volume of 12 months after the ablation increased［（20.78 ± 5.32）ml vs（26.71 ± 7.94）ml， P = 0.003］，left ventricular ejection fraction decreased［（59.17 ± 5.67）% vs（47.69 ± 5.45）%， P<0.001］；left ventricular global/segmental longitudinal strain，global/segmental constructive work and global/segmental work efficiency decreased（all P<0.05），left ventricular global/segmental wasted work increased（all P<0.001）. Heterogenous perfusion defect was observed in LBBB dogs by SPECT，compared with lateral wall segments，the percentage of regional tracer uptake of septum was decreased（all P<0.05）. Gross anatomical and myocardial pathological changes were manifested as cardiomegaly，flaky or focal grayish thickening of endocardium，cardiomyocyte degeneration and fibrosis. Compared with normal control group，the collagen fiber volume fraction（CVF）in all segmental endocardium and partial segmental myocardium of LBBB dogs were significantly increased（all P<0.05）. Percentage of regional tracer uptake was positively correlated with segmental myocardial work（SMW）and segmental myocardial efficiency（SWE）（ r s = 0.49，0.31；both P<0.001），and negatively correlated with CVF and segmental wasted work（SWW）（ r s = -0.51，-0.49；both P<0.001）. Conclusions:Isolated LBBB is not benign，which can result in left ventricular remodeling，decreased cardiac constructive function，abnormal myocardial perfusion，endocardial fibrosis and myocardial fibrosis.The parameters of myocardial work assecsed by echocardiograpgy and myocardial perfusion，as non-invasive examination，can to some extent reflect the degree of left ventricular remodeling in LBBB-CM.