Objective: To investigate the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on mental health and sleep quality in female college students with normal weight obesity, so as to provide a reference for promoting their physical and mental health. Methods: From September to November 2024, 42 female college students who met the criteria for normal weight obesity were recruited from Anqing Medical College and randomly assigned to an HIIT group ( n =21) or a control group ( n =21) using a random number table. The HIIT group completed an 8 week intervention (3 sessions/week) at 75%-90% of maximum heart rate (HR max ), whereas the control group maintained their usual lifestyle. Before and after the intervention, body composition was measured, and anxiety, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Statistical analysis included t-test, two way mixed analysis of variance, simple effect analysis, Wilcoxon signed rank test，Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson product moment correlation analysis, and Fisher s Z-transformation test. Results: Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences between the HIIT group and the control group in body composition indicators (body weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, visceral fat level, visceral fat area, and waist circumference), psychological indicators (anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms), and sleep quality problems among female college students (all P >0.05). After the intervention, the above indicators in the HIIT group[（58.53±1.05）kg，（21.93±0.36）kg/m 2，（28.15±0.48）%，（7.31±0.43），（ 78.54± 4.28）cm 2，（75.91± 1.26 ）cm，2(1,3) scores,2(1,4) score,（6.15±1.58）score] all decreased ( F/Z =3.95，12.76，23.65，43.97，19.06，22.04，-3.35， -4.01 ，20.52，all P <0.05), and were all lower than those in the control group ( F/U =4.45， 6.82 ， 52.34 ，28.46，34.25，13.49， 344.0 ，327.0，31.62，all P <0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the above indicators in the control group before and after the intervention (all P >0.05).Before the intervention, the total score of sleep quality problems in the HIIT group of female college students was positively correlated with the depression symptom score ( r =0.54, P < 0.05 ), while the correlation in the control group was not statistically significant ( r =-0.10, P >0.05). After the intervention, the correlation was strengthened in the HIIT group ( r =0.81, P <0.05), and the strength of the association was greater than that in the control group ( Z =3.50, P <0.05). Conclusion HIIT may improve sleep quality and mental health in female college students with normal weight obesity.

Objective To explore the feasibility of spectral CT material decomposition technique Ca(Iodine)for opportunistic osteoporo-sis screening in enhanced scanning.Methods A total of 314 patients who underwent abdominal enhancement were selected.They were divided into group A and group B according to gender,and the groups were divided into three subgroups according to age(18-45 years,46-60 years,>60 years).The bone mineral density(BMD)values of L1-L3 vertebral were measured in the unenhanced images using quan-titative computed tomography(QCT)software,and Ca(Iodine)values were measured on three enhancement phases Ca(Iodine)based substance images.Pearson correlation analysis was performed between iodine intake and Ca(Iodine)values in three enhancement phases,Ca(Iodine)values and quantitative computed tomography bone mineral density(BMDQCT),and the diagnostic efficacy was analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in the Ca(Iodine)values of L1-L3 vertebral in three enhancement phases(F=0.001-0.018,P>0.05);there was no correlation between the Ca(Iodine)values of L1-L3 vertebral in three enhancement phases and iodine intake(r=0.073-0.105,P>0.05).Six groups of measured Ca(Iodine)values and BMDQCT both had a strong positive correlation(r=0.901-0.954,P<0.05).The Ca(Iodine)cutoff values for the diagnosis of osteoporosis and osteopenia were 830.41(2 mg/cm3)and 849.32(2 mg/cm3)respectively,with corresponding area under the curve(AUC)of 0.969[95%confidence interval(CI)0.943-0.985]and 0.973(95%CI 0.944-0.989),respectively.There were statistically significant differences in Ca(Iodine)values and BMDQCT in the>60 years age group between different genders(t=3.081-3.091,P<0.05).Conclusion Spectral CT material decomposition technique can be used for oppor-tunistic osteoporosis screening in enhanced scanning,with good diagnostic performance,which provides a new perspective for the clin-ical diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Objective:To explore the relationship between parenting styles of toddlers aged 30 months and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom trajectories in preschool children.Methods:The subjects were 2 111 children and their parents in Ma'anshan Birth Cohort. Parenting styles were assessed at 30 months of age using the Brief Toddler Parenting Style Questionnaire, which defines parenting styles on four dimensions: warmth and interaction, attention and acceptance, outdoor and social activities, and neglect and restrictions. The Chinese version of the Conners Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire was used to examine preschooler's ADHD symptoms aged 3, 5, and 6 years. ADHD symptom trajectories were fitted using group-based trajectory modeling. The multinomial logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between parenting styles at 30 months of age and ADHD symptom trajectories in children. The additive and multiplicative models were applied to analyze the interaction effect of negative parenting styles in children's ADHD symptom trajectories.Results:ADHD symptom trajectories in children included the low-score (48.3%), moderate-score (47.7%), and high-score groups (4.0%). After adjusting for the confounding factors, the results of the multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that negative parenting styles of the father/mother were associated with ADHD symptom trajectories in children ( P<0.05). The father/mother's low warmth and interaction (father: OR=2.07,95% CI:1.68-2.54; mother: OR=2.02,95% CI:1.64-2.48), low attention and acceptance (father: OR=1.94,95% CI:1.57-2.39; mother: OR=1.47,95% CI:1.20-1.81), low outdoor and social (father: OR=1.74,95% CI:1.43-2.13; mother: OR=1.60,95% CI:1.32-1.94), and high neglect and restriction (father: OR=2.09,95% CI:1.67-2.62; mother: OR=2.06,95% CI:1.65-2.56) were associated with ADHD symptom moderate-score trajectories compared to the low-score trajectory group, mother's low warmth and interaction, low outdoor and social, and high neglect and restrictions. Statistically significant association was seen in negative parenting styles of fathers with the high-score group. There was a multiplicative interaction for hostile parenting ( P<0.05). The additive interaction results showed that there was a synergistic effect of hostile parenting, which increased the risk of the high-score trajectories of ADHD symptoms in children. Conclusions:Both parents' parenting styles influenced ADHD symptom change the trajectories in preschoolers. Negative parenting styles of the father/mother increase the risk of the moderate-score and high-score trajectories of ADHD symptoms in children. Hostile parenting by both parents has a synergistic impact on the risk of ADHD symptom trajectories in children, and the simultaneous presence of both increases the risk of the high-score trajectory of ADHD symptoms.

Objective:To explore the relationship between parenting styles of toddlers aged 30 months and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom trajectories in preschool children.Methods:The subjects were 2 111 children and their parents in Ma'anshan Birth Cohort. Parenting styles were assessed at 30 months of age using the Brief Toddler Parenting Style Questionnaire, which defines parenting styles on four dimensions: warmth and interaction, attention and acceptance, outdoor and social activities, and neglect and restrictions. The Chinese version of the Conners Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire was used to examine preschooler's ADHD symptoms aged 3, 5, and 6 years. ADHD symptom trajectories were fitted using group-based trajectory modeling. The multinomial logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between parenting styles at 30 months of age and ADHD symptom trajectories in children. The additive and multiplicative models were applied to analyze the interaction effect of negative parenting styles in children's ADHD symptom trajectories.Results:ADHD symptom trajectories in children included the low-score (48.3%), moderate-score (47.7%), and high-score groups (4.0%). After adjusting for the confounding factors, the results of the multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that negative parenting styles of the father/mother were associated with ADHD symptom trajectories in children ( P<0.05). The father/mother's low warmth and interaction (father: OR=2.07,95% CI:1.68-2.54; mother: OR=2.02,95% CI:1.64-2.48), low attention and acceptance (father: OR=1.94,95% CI:1.57-2.39; mother: OR=1.47,95% CI:1.20-1.81), low outdoor and social (father: OR=1.74,95% CI:1.43-2.13; mother: OR=1.60,95% CI:1.32-1.94), and high neglect and restriction (father: OR=2.09,95% CI:1.67-2.62; mother: OR=2.06,95% CI:1.65-2.56) were associated with ADHD symptom moderate-score trajectories compared to the low-score trajectory group, mother's low warmth and interaction, low outdoor and social, and high neglect and restrictions. Statistically significant association was seen in negative parenting styles of fathers with the high-score group. There was a multiplicative interaction for hostile parenting ( P<0.05). The additive interaction results showed that there was a synergistic effect of hostile parenting, which increased the risk of the high-score trajectories of ADHD symptoms in children. Conclusions:Both parents' parenting styles influenced ADHD symptom change the trajectories in preschoolers. Negative parenting styles of the father/mother increase the risk of the moderate-score and high-score trajectories of ADHD symptoms in children. Hostile parenting by both parents has a synergistic impact on the risk of ADHD symptom trajectories in children, and the simultaneous presence of both increases the risk of the high-score trajectory of ADHD symptoms.

Objective To explore the feasibility of spectral CT material decomposition technique Ca(Iodine)for opportunistic osteoporo-sis screening in enhanced scanning.Methods A total of 314 patients who underwent abdominal enhancement were selected.They were divided into group A and group B according to gender,and the groups were divided into three subgroups according to age(18-45 years,46-60 years,>60 years).The bone mineral density(BMD)values of L1-L3 vertebral were measured in the unenhanced images using quan-titative computed tomography(QCT)software,and Ca(Iodine)values were measured on three enhancement phases Ca(Iodine)based substance images.Pearson correlation analysis was performed between iodine intake and Ca(Iodine)values in three enhancement phases,Ca(Iodine)values and quantitative computed tomography bone mineral density(BMDQCT),and the diagnostic efficacy was analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in the Ca(Iodine)values of L1-L3 vertebral in three enhancement phases(F=0.001-0.018,P>0.05);there was no correlation between the Ca(Iodine)values of L1-L3 vertebral in three enhancement phases and iodine intake(r=0.073-0.105,P>0.05).Six groups of measured Ca(Iodine)values and BMDQCT both had a strong positive correlation(r=0.901-0.954,P<0.05).The Ca(Iodine)cutoff values for the diagnosis of osteoporosis and osteopenia were 830.41(2 mg/cm3)and 849.32(2 mg/cm3)respectively,with corresponding area under the curve(AUC)of 0.969[95%confidence interval(CI)0.943-0.985]and 0.973(95%CI 0.944-0.989),respectively.There were statistically significant differences in Ca(Iodine)values and BMDQCT in the>60 years age group between different genders(t=3.081-3.091,P<0.05).Conclusion Spectral CT material decomposition technique can be used for oppor-tunistic osteoporosis screening in enhanced scanning,with good diagnostic performance,which provides a new perspective for the clin-ical diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Objective To investigate the application value of spectral computed tomography venography(CTV)in the display and staging of deep venous thrombosis(DVT)in the lower extremity.Methods Eighty-two patients with CTV were selected and ran-domly divided into group A(42 patients)and group B(40 patients).Group A:tube voltage 120 kVp.Group B:gemstone spectral ima-ging(GSI)mode,reconstruction of 50 keV and iodine(water)maps.The CT and standard deviation(SD)values of the veins were measured,signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)were calculated in 120 kVp images of group A and in 50 keV images of group B.Two observers scored the image quality of the 2 groups subjectively,and Kappa test was used to examine the con-sistency.Based on the duration from the occurrence of clinical symptoms,the DVTs were classified.The CT values and iodine con-centration(IC)of DVT were measured in the 120 kVp images of group A and in the iodine(water)maps of group B,respectively.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to compare the effectiveness of CT values and IC in diagnosing DVT staging.Results CT values,SNR,and CNR of veins in group B were higher than those in group A(P<0.05).The subjective scores of the two groups were consistent(Kappa=0.926-0.955,P<0.05).The score for the display of veins and thrombus clarity in group B was 5(4,5),which was better than the score of 4(3,4)in group A(P<0.05).The efficiency of IC in diagnosing DVT staging[area under the curve(AUC)=0.973]was better than that of CT values(AUC=0.891).Conclusion The spectral CTV can improve the contrast of lower extremity deep veins and the clarity of thrombus,and can provide more objective indicators for the diagnosis of thrombus staging,which is conducive to accurate clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To screen key autophagy-related genes in alcoholic hepatitis (AH) and investigate potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AH. Methods Two AH gene chips in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and autophagy-related data sets obtained from MSigDB and GeneCards databases were used, and the key genes were verified and obtained by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The screened key genes were subject to gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), protein-protein interaction (PPI) and immune infiltration analyses. Messenger RNA (mRNA)- microRNA (miRNA) network was constructed to analyze the expression differences of key autophagy-related genes during different stages of AH, which were further validated by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in the liver tissues of AH patients and mice. Results Eleven autophagy-related genes were screened in AH (EEF1A2, CFTR, SOX4, TREM2, CTHRC1, HSPB8, TUBB3, PRKAA2, RNASE1, MTCL1 and HGF), all of which were up-regulated. In the liver tissues of AH patients and mice, the relative expression levels of SOX4, TREM2, HSPB8 and PRKAA2 in the AH group were higher than those in the control group. Conclusions SOX4, TREM2, HSPB8 and PRKAA2 may be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AH.

Objective To investigate the application value of energy spectral CT low energy(keV)targeted reconstruction tech-niques combined with adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-Veo(ASIR-V)algorithm in lower extremity computed tomography venography(CTV).Methods Forty patients with lower extremity CTV examination were retrospectively selected.Gemstone spec-tral imaging(GSI)mode was used with a transient tube voltage of 80 kVp/140 kVp and tube current in GSI Assist mode.Group A(conventional group):70 keV combined with 40％ASIR-V mono-energy images,conventional display field of view(DFOV)inclu-ding both lower extremity.Group B(low keV group):50 keV combined with 50％ASIR-V mono-energy images,DFOV as in group A.Group C(low keV targeted reconstruction group):50 keV combined with 50％to 80％ASIR-V mono-energy images(10％interval,called as groups C1-C4),targeted reconstruction(small DFOV,covered one lower extremity with left and right femurs as the center).The CT and standard deviation(SD)values of the bilateral lower extremity veins were measured on each axial image and the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)were calculated.Two observers scored the venous images and the sharpness of embolus display subjectively using a 5-point scale and Kappa test was used to examine the consistency.Results In terms of vein dis-play,the score of groups B and C was better than that of group A(P＜0.05).In terms of embolus display sharpness,the scores of large and small embolus in group C increased with the increase of ASIR-V percentage initially and then gradually decreased(P＜0.05).The scores in group C2 were the highest which were superior to the scores of group B and group A(P＜0.05).The CT values of each venous segment in groups B and C were higher than those in group A(P＜0.05).In groups C1 to C4,with the increasing weight of ASIR-V,the SNR and CNR increased gradually(P＜0.05),but slightly lower than those in group B(P＜0.05).Conclusion 50 keV targeted reconstruction techniques combined with 60％ASIR-V algorithm significantly improves the contrast of lower extremity veins and the embolus display sharpness,providing more accurate clinical imaging information.

Objective To investigate the influence of spectral CT monochromatic imaging technique on image quality and liver vol-ume measurement in computed tomography portal venography(CTPV).Methods A total of 120 patients who underwent contrast-enhanced abdominal CT examination were prospectively selected and randomly divided into group A and group B.The group A(n=60)was scanned with conventional parameters such as 120 kVp,Smart mA mode,and image reconstruction of 60％adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-Veo(ASIR-V);while the group B(n=60)was with instantaneous switching 80/140 kVp,gemstone spectral imaging(GSI)Assist mode,and image reconstruction of 60％ASIR-V.In group B,six subgroups of images from 75 to 50 keV(with 5 keV interval)were recorded as subgroups B1 to B6.On the axial images,the CT values and standard deviation(SD)values of por-tal vein,liver and erector spinae were measured,and then the contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)of portal vein and liver were calculated.The Liver Segmentation software was used to segment the liver in groups A and B,the liver volumes by automatic segmentation and manual segmentation(golden standard)were recorded,and then the volume difference rate was calculated.The overall image quality and automatic liver segmentation results were evaluated by two radiologists using a 5-point scale.Results In terms of overall image quality,subgroup B6 achieved the highest score and was superior to group A(P＜0.001).In terms of liver segmentation,subgroup B3 had the highest score and was superior to group A(P＜0.001).With the decrease of keV,the CT values,SD values and CNR of portal vein and liver in group B were gradually increased(P＜0.05),in which subgroup B6 was higher than that in group A(P＜0.001).The volume difference rate initially decreased and then increased with the decrease of keV.Except for subgroups B2 and B3,the differences were statistically significant between other subgroups and group A(P＜O.001),and the subgroup B3 had the lowest volume difference rate.Conclusion Spectral CT monochromatic ima-ging technique has an influence on CTPV image quality and liver volume measurement.The 50 keV images are the best for displaying portal vein,and the automatic liver segmentation volume of 65 keV images is closest to the real liver volume.

Objective To investigate the influence of individualized low-dose CT imaging parameters on quantitative computed tomography(QCT)liver fat content measurement and image quality by using the combined technique of Auto-prescription and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction(ASIR-V)algorithm with different weights.Methods A total of 231 patients who underwent both chest and abdominal CT scans were prospectively selected.The overlapping liver of two-position scans in the same case was studied,in which the chest was scanned with an individualized low-dose protocol(group A)and the upper abdomen was scanned with a routine 120 kVp protocol(group B).Patients with group A were scanned by using 80 kVp and 100 kVp based on Auto-prescription technique,and divided into the subgroups of A1 and A2;meanwhile the same patients with group B were scanned by using 120 kVp and divided into the subgroups of B1 and B2.The images were transferred to AW4.6 and QCTpro workstations for measuring CT values,standard deviation(SD)values and Fat％QCT values of the left lobe,right anterior lobe,and right posterior lobe of the liver in the overlapping regions.The signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)were also calculated using the same-level erector spinae as background.Paired sample t-test was employed to compare the differences in Fat％QCT measurements between groups A and B.Spearman correlation analysis was conducted,and linear regression equations were established.Two observers evaluated image quality using a five-point scale and Kappa test was conducted to test inter-observer consistency.Results In group A,the Fat％QCT values showed no statistically significant difference among different weights of ASIR-V.However,the statistically significant difference was found between groups A and B(P＜0.05),and there were highly positive correlations between subgroups A1 and B1 and between subgroups A2 and B2(r=0.939 7,0.987 2,P＜0.05).The linear regression equation under 80 kVp and 100 kVp were as follows:y=0.976x+3.119,y=1.007x+2.041.The SNR and CNR of group A combined with post-60％ASIR-V were higher than those of group B combined with post-40％ASIR-V under conventional tube voltage.The subjective scores between groups A and B had no statistically significant difference.Conclusion Low-dose chest imaging based on Auto-prescription technique combined with post-60％ASIR-V can not only satisfy clinical diagnostic requirement,but also realize quantitative analysis of Fat％QCT under low tube voltage(80 kVp/100 kVp).