Background: Recurrent inversion injuries are a major contributor to chronic ankle instability (CAI), resulting in long-term functional limitations, reduced physical activity, and diminished quality of life. While both arthroscopic and open surgical techniques are routinely employed worldwide, their outcomes remain unstudied in Mongolia. This study aimed to describe the national epidemiology of ankle ligament injuries and provide foundational data to inform future clinical and surgical research. Aim: To determine the prevalence, patterns, and associated demographic and environmental factors of ankle ligament injuries recorded in Mongolia between 2014 and 2023, and to conduct an epidemiological analysis. Materials and Methods: We performed a cross sectional, single-center epidemiological analysis using anonymized secondary data from the National Trauma and Orthopedic Research Center (NTORC), Mongolia’s national tertiary referral hospital. Patient records from January 2, 2014, to December 28, 2023, were extracted from the E-Health national database and coded using ICD-10. Eligible cases included malleolar fractures, ligament sprains, dislocations, nerve injuries, and other lower limb traumas. Data on age, sex, residence, admission date, length of stay, and injury mechanism were categorized into 167 specific etiologies and 14 major groups. Result: Falls were the predominant injury mechanism (71.1%), particularly among females (83.3%) and urban residents (76.4%). A seasonal peak occurred in winter, with 8.1% of injuries linked to ice- and snow-related falls. Rural males had a higher proportion of transport-related injuries, notably involving motorcycles. The anterior talofibular ligament (ATaFL) was the most frequently affected structure. Individuals aged 15–44 years represented the largest proportion of ligament injury cases. Conclusion Between 2014 and 2023, 4,757 ankle ligament injuries were recorded in Mongolia. Males accounted for 57.7% of cases, with the highest incidence observed in individuals aged 15–44 years (68.8%). Seventy-five percent of injuries occurred in Ulaanbaatar. Falls were the leading mechanism (>70%), particularly during winter, followed by road traffic accidents. Emergency department visits increased over time, while hospitalization rates remained low and stable.

Background: During inversion injuries of the ankle joint, the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) is the most commonly injured structure. Injuries to the lateral collateral ligaments of the ankle, either in isolation or in combination with injury to the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL), account for approximately 60-65% of all ankle ligament injuries. In recent years, several studies have examined the impact of lateral ankle ligament injuries on lifestyle and overall health. Repeated inversion injuries-particularly those occurring three or more times-can lead to chronic ankle instability (CAI). In the treatment of ankle instability, both open and arthroscopic surgical techniques are widely used internationally. In Mongolia, there is an increasing clinical need to evaluate and compare the outcomes of arthroscopic versus open surgical repair of lateral ankle ligament injuries. This need forms the basis of the current study. Aim: The comparative studies on open vs arthroscopic anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) repair are limited. This study aimed to compare the early therapeutic efficacy and cost between the traditional open Broström-Gould repair and all-arthroscopic anatomical repair of the ATFL for chronic lateral ankle instability. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 patients with chronic lateral ankle instability undergoing repair of the ATFL be tween September 2024 and February 2025 were retrospectively included with a traditional open surgery (n=10) group and an arthroscopy (n=17) group. The surgery duration, surgical cost, postoperative complications, and the preoperative/postoperative American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society Score (AOFAS) and Karlsson-Peterson score were compared between groups. Results: Compared to the anatomical group, the non-anatomical group had significantly shorter surgery and hospitalization durations. Three months after the operation, the AOFAS and Karlsson scores significantly improved in both groups. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in the AOFAS and Karlsson scores between groups at both preoperative and postoperative assessments. No significant difference was found in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups. Conclusion 1. These results suggest that open Broström-Gould repair and all-arthroscopic anatomical repair of the ATFL have comparable therapeutic efficacy for chronic lateral ankle instability. 2. The arthroscopic surgery had a smaller incision, while the open Broström-Gould had a shorter surgery duration and lower cost.

BACKGROUND. Congenital Cleft Lip and/or Palate (CL/P) is a common craniofacial birth defect and occurs 1 per 500-700 live births in average. Children with CL/P at a higher risk for speech/language problems due to the anatomical and structural differences in the oral and nasal cavities, Velopharyngeal Insufficiency causing speech disorders with articulation, phonation, and resonance, respectively. It leads to long-lasting adverse outcomes, influencing quality of life and causes obstacles in child’s socialization. Speech in 2007 Therapy team of School of Dentistry ( G. Ariuntuul , B. Bulgan, U. Azzaya, B. Batsukh, M. Bat-Erdene), Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences (MNUMS) (former Health Sciences University of Mongolia) established and successfully conducted a first clinical speech therapy sessions for children with clefts in Mongolia based on the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (G. Ayanga et al.) of National Maternal and Children’s Health Center (NMCHC). Since 2012 the speech therapy team of School of Dentistry, officially transferred the equipped operating speech room to NMCHC and speech pathologist B. Bulgan, supervised and trained by Ariuntuul G. recruited by NMCHC for a full time position and working as a member of multidisciplinary team till present. OBJECTIVES. To assess and analyze registry data of children with clefts, visited speech therapy sessions of speech pathology team of School of Dentistry, MNUMS during 2007 through 2012. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Registry based retrospective study was conducted to obtain demographic and speech disorder related data of children with clefts, visited speech therapy sessions between 2012-2017 at the NMCHC. RESULTS. In total 203 participants are attended the speech therapy sessions: 103 male (51%), 100 female (49%). Out of total 203 children 144 (71%) had Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP), 44 had cleft palate only (22%), 15 had cleft lip (7%), respectively. Average age for primary cleft surgery was 1y13m, where as for secondary was 4y22m. CONCLUSION. For speech therapy session for children with clefts boys were dominant compared to girls (1:1.03). By the types of clefts children diagnosed with Cleft Lip and Palate was prevalent to attend treatment classes. There is a need in early CL/P diagnosis, using birth screening and furthermore, traning of speech therapists/pathologists are important for development of multidisciplinary team, surgery outcome and improvement of quality of life of children with clefts.