Investigation of Klinefelter syndrome among infertility men Background: Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the most common sex chromosomal anomaly, which is estimated to be 1 in 500-1000 male live births and 2.1-28.4 % among infertility men. Klinefelter syndrome is defined as LD50.30 by International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision. So far, KS syndrome has not investigated among Mongolian infertility men. Materials and methods: We recruited participants who were diagnosed in Center of Infertility, Child and Maternal National Center from October 2017 to October 2019. These participants showed azoospermia and the clinical characteristics of KS. Clinical characteristics of KS were as the anthropometric values, testicle size and also gingival cells were checked by Sanderson method to detect Barr body. Cytogenetically, blood lymphocytes were incubated and evaluated by standard method of G-band using “Metasystem” for karyotyping diagnosis. Results: During the research period, we recruited 1636 male participants with infertility and out of them 145 people were shown the azoospermia and nine people had clinical characteristics of KS. We confirmed the diagnosis of KS in five cases out of these nine patients (3,4%). The mean age of these KS cases was 33.5±4.5. Gynecomastia was presented in 100% (n=5), no underarm hair in 80% (n=4) cases, sparse body hair in 20% (n=1) cases, no facial hair in 100% (n=5) cases, female-like pubertal hair was detected in 80% (n=4) cases. Mean size of testicles was as 4±1.25 ml in left and as 4±0.75 ml in the right. We found that karyotyping pattern of the cases was in 80% 47,ХХУ (n=3) and mosaicism in 20% 48,ХХХУ/47,ХХУ (n=1) and 20% 46,ХХ (n=1), and Barr body was detected in all 100% (n=5) cases. Conclusions: Azoosperm was detected in 8.9% among infertility men in our study. Klinefelter syndrome cases were detected in 3.4% among infertility Mongolian men.

Children with impaired hearing have communication and learning difficulty due to delay in the development of receptive and expression communications. Communication difficulties can often lead to social isolation and poor self-estimation. Oral health status in children with impaired hearing tends to be poor due to several reasons as difficulty of adequate training of caregiving parents, parents luck of information and effort. Aim: To study oral health status and oral education level among students of special school №29 for disabled children.A cross-sectional descriptive study. 224 students aged 6-22 years were selected for this study. Participants were subjected to oral examination and were asked to answer to the questionnairePrevalence of caries and DMFT index, dental plague, occlusion and the oral education levels were assessed. The caries prevalence was 95.9%, and the mean DMFT index was 5.5. Dental plaques were identified in 31.7-49.2% of subjects differing among age groups. Among examined children, 32% of subjects had a malocclusion and 18 children underwent cleft lip palate surgical treatment. According to questionnaire 21% of subjects reported that tooth brushing is not significant measure to maintain oral health, which shows that oral education level among subjects was low. Oral health status of children with impaired hearing was in a level comparable to that of healthy children, although the incidence of cleft lip and palate and gingivitis were higher.