Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) represents a paradigmatic approach to personalized medicine, developed through the systematic accumulation and refinement of clinical empirical data over more than 2000 years, and now encompasses large-scale electronic medical records (EMR) and experimental molecular data. Artificial intelligence (AI) has demonstrated its utility in medicine through the development of various expert systems (e.g., MYCIN) since the 1970s. With the emergence of deep learning and large language models (LLMs), AI's potential in medicine shows considerable promise. Consequently, the integration of AI and TCM from both clinical and scientific perspectives presents a fundamental and promising research direction. This survey provides an insightful overview of TCM AI research, summarizing related research tasks from three perspectives: systems-level biological mechanism elucidation, real-world clinical evidence inference, and personalized clinical decision support. The review highlights representative AI methodologies alongside their applications in both TCM scientific inquiry and clinical practice. To critically assess the current state of the field, this work identifies major challenges and opportunities that constrain the development of robust research capabilities-particularly in the mechanistic understanding of TCM syndromes and herbal formulations, novel drug discovery, and the delivery of high-quality, patient-centered clinical care. The findings underscore that future advancements in AI-driven TCM research will rely on the development of high-quality, large-scale data repositories; the construction of comprehensive and domain-specific knowledge graphs (KGs); deeper insights into the biological mechanisms underpinning clinical efficacy; rigorous causal inference frameworks; and intelligent, personalized decision support systems.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Artificial Intelligence ; Humans ; Precision Medicine ; Decision Support Systems, Clinical

The expert consensus on the clinical treatment of herpes zoster with fire needling was developed, and the commonly used fire needling treatment scheme verified by clinical research was selected to form a standardized diagnosis and treatment scheme for acute herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), so as to answer the core problems in clinical application. The consensus focuses on patients with herpes zoster, and forms recommendations for 9 key clinical issues, covering simple fire needling and TCM comprehensive therapy based on fire needling, including fire needling combined with cupping, fire needling combined with Chinese herb, fire needling combined with cupping and Chinese herb, fire needling combined with filiform needling, fire needling combined with moxibustion, and provides specific recommendations and operational guidelines for various therapies.
Humans ; Herpes Zoster/therapy* ; Acupuncture Therapy/instrumentation* ; Consensus ; Clinical Protocols

With the in-depth implementation of the national strategy of"Healthy China 2030",people's understanding and de-mand for health have been constantly evolving,promoting the transformation of the health model from"disease-centered"to"people-centered".This paper discusses the characteristics and limitations of the"disease-centered"health model,proposes the connotation of the"people-centered"health model and the method of maintaining health in traditional Chinese medicine,emphasizes overall health with prevention as the main focus and individual as the center,and specifically discusses the implementation measures of the"people-centered"health model:emphasize the transformation of ideas and concepts,give full play to the advantages of modern traditional Chi-nese medicine,and establish a system network of health models.It is also related to the transformation of the active health paradigm,in order to break through the limitations of the existing health model and achieve the goal of health for all.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with hepatitis B virus（HBV）-related primary hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）who were treated in a multidisciplinary team（MDT）for liver cancer，so as to provide a basis for clinical optimization of the diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B（CHB）.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed for 482 HBV-related HCC patients who were treated with HCC-MDT every Thursday afternoon in The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University from January 2022 to May 2024，aged 18-87（55.54±10.84）years，86.93%（419/482）males and 13.07%（63/482）females. According to the different underlying liver diseases at the time of initial medical treatment and the different prognostic outcomes at the later follow-up，the differences in clinical characteristics between groups under different conditions were compared and analyzed，and the influencing factors of HCC prognosis were understood by Logistic regression analysis. Results:At the time of MDT presentation，the differences in HBeAg status（ χ2=6.311 ，P=0.043），γ-glutamyl traspeptidase（GGT）（ Z=6.277， P=0.043），alkaline phosphatase（ALP）（ Z=7.236 ，P=0.027），and model for end-stage liver disease（MELD）scores（ Z=6.111， P=0.047）among patients with different underlying liver diseases were statistically significant. At follow-up，6.75%（11/163）of HBV-related HCC patients who presented to MDT had a family history of HCC，and their cumulative mortality rate was as high as 60.8%（205/337）at least for 1 year. Mulitivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that different underlying liver disease at the time of initial medical treatment，HBV DNA replication level，MELD score and choice of anti-cancer treatment regimen were the influencing factors for the prognosis of HCC（all P<0.05）. The worse the degree of cirrhosis at the initial presentation，the higher the level of HBV DNA replication，and the higher the MELD score，the worse the prognosis for HCC. Conclusion:Advancing the diagnosis and treatment of CHB，maximizing the inhibition of HBV DNA replication，reducing the MELD score，and optimizing the anti-cancer treatment regimen can reduce the mortality rate of HBV-related HCC.

Computational modeling is an invaluable tool for mechanism analysis, directed engineering, and rational design of biological parts, metabolic networks, and even cellular systems. It can provide new technological solutions to address biological challenges at different levels and has become a central focus of research in biomanufacturing. In the computational modeling of proteins, which are the key parts in biological systems, the traditional physics-based methods (computer software and mathematical model) have been widely used to study the physical and chemical processes in the functioning of proteins, and have thus been recognized as a powerful tool for understanding complex biological systems and guiding experimental designs. As the scale of computational modeling continues to expand, traditional modeling techniques face difficulties in balancing computational accuracy and speed. In recent years, the explosive growth of biological data has made it possible to construct high-performance artificial intelligence (AI) models, which brings new opportunities to the computational modeling of proteins, and the AI-enhanced physics-based computational modeling technologies have emerged. This combined strategy not only incorporates the chemical knowledge and established physical principles but also is powerful in data processing and pattern recognition, which greatly improves the computational efficiency and prediction accuracy, as well as possesses stronger interpretation ability, transferability, and robustness. The AI-enhanced physics-based computational modeling technologies have already shown great potential and value in biocatalysis, paving a new way for the future development of biomanufacturing.
Artificial Intelligence ; Proteins/chemistry* ; Computer Simulation ; Software ; Computational Biology/methods*

With the in-depth implementation of the national strategy of"Healthy China 2030",people's understanding and de-mand for health have been constantly evolving,promoting the transformation of the health model from"disease-centered"to"people-centered".This paper discusses the characteristics and limitations of the"disease-centered"health model,proposes the connotation of the"people-centered"health model and the method of maintaining health in traditional Chinese medicine,emphasizes overall health with prevention as the main focus and individual as the center,and specifically discusses the implementation measures of the"people-centered"health model:emphasize the transformation of ideas and concepts,give full play to the advantages of modern traditional Chi-nese medicine,and establish a system network of health models.It is also related to the transformation of the active health paradigm,in order to break through the limitations of the existing health model and achieve the goal of health for all.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with hepatitis B virus（HBV）-related primary hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）who were treated in a multidisciplinary team（MDT）for liver cancer，so as to provide a basis for clinical optimization of the diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B（CHB）.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed for 482 HBV-related HCC patients who were treated with HCC-MDT every Thursday afternoon in The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University from January 2022 to May 2024，aged 18-87（55.54±10.84）years，86.93%（419/482）males and 13.07%（63/482）females. According to the different underlying liver diseases at the time of initial medical treatment and the different prognostic outcomes at the later follow-up，the differences in clinical characteristics between groups under different conditions were compared and analyzed，and the influencing factors of HCC prognosis were understood by Logistic regression analysis. Results:At the time of MDT presentation，the differences in HBeAg status（ χ2=6.311 ，P=0.043），γ-glutamyl traspeptidase（GGT）（ Z=6.277， P=0.043），alkaline phosphatase（ALP）（ Z=7.236 ，P=0.027），and model for end-stage liver disease（MELD）scores（ Z=6.111， P=0.047）among patients with different underlying liver diseases were statistically significant. At follow-up，6.75%（11/163）of HBV-related HCC patients who presented to MDT had a family history of HCC，and their cumulative mortality rate was as high as 60.8%（205/337）at least for 1 year. Mulitivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that different underlying liver disease at the time of initial medical treatment，HBV DNA replication level，MELD score and choice of anti-cancer treatment regimen were the influencing factors for the prognosis of HCC（all P<0.05）. The worse the degree of cirrhosis at the initial presentation，the higher the level of HBV DNA replication，and the higher the MELD score，the worse the prognosis for HCC. Conclusion:Advancing the diagnosis and treatment of CHB，maximizing the inhibition of HBV DNA replication，reducing the MELD score，and optimizing the anti-cancer treatment regimen can reduce the mortality rate of HBV-related HCC.

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common sensorimotor disorder. Although it does not pose a threat to life, it seriously affects the quality of life of patients. RLS pathogenesis is still unclear, and its incidence is associated with a variety of risk factors, including genetic factors and non-genetic factors. Genetic factors involve more than 20 risk genes, such as meis homeobox 1 ( MEIS1), BTB domain containing 9 ( BTBD9), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 ( MAP2K5), and protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Db ( PTPRD). Non-genetic factors include regional age, gender, obesity, medical related diseases, neuropsychiatric diseases and drugs. This paper reviews the recent advance in risk factors and related pathogenesis of RLS to provide references for early prevention and treatment of the disease.

Objective To explore the value of apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)values of magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging(MR-DWI)in predicting the prognosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)treated by radiofrequency ablation(RFA).Methods A prospective study was conducted on 178 patients with HCC.All patients were treated with RFA and followed up for 1 year after treatment.MR-DWI was performed before RFA and one month after RFA,and the changes in ADC value were calculated.These changes of the cancer in patients with different clinicopathological parameters were compared.The factors affecting the prognosis of HCC patients with RFA,and the value of ADC value changes in predicting the prognosis were analyzed.Results The changes of ADC values in patients with high alpha-fetoprotein,Barcelona clinic live cancer(BCLC)stage C,and poorly differentiated were lower than those in patients with low alpha-fetoprotein,BCLC stage B,and moderately well-differentiated(P<0.05).Six cases were lost to follow-up,and 120 of the remaining 172 patients survived.Cox regression analysis showed that the changes in ADC value,tumor stage and degree of differentiation were independent factors affecting the prognosis of HCC patients with RFA(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve results showed that the best cut-off point,sensitivity,specificity and area under the curve(AUC)of ADC value change in predicting the prognosis of HCC patients with RFA were 0.42×10-3 mm2/s,75.00%,78.33%and 0.801.There were 16 deaths in the high change group of ADC value(>0.42)and 36 deaths in the low change group(≤0.42).The overall survival curve of the high change group of ADC value was better than that of the low change group(P<0.05).Conclusion The change in ADC value of MR-DWI sequence before and after short-term RFA treatment in HCC patients is related to the patient's pathology and prognosis,with a good predictive effect.The low change in ADC value has a higher risk of poor prognosis.

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of surgery combined with photodynamic therapy on ear keloid.Methods:The clinical data of patients with ear keloid admitted to the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, the First People’s Hospital of Jinzhong were analyzed retrospectively. According to the treatment methods, they were divided into surgery combined with isotope therapy group (isotope group) and surgery combined with photodynamic therapy group (photodynamic group). Patients in both groups underwent surgical excision of keloid core first. In the isotope group, stitches were removed on the 7th day after the operation. After stitches were removed, 90Sr- 90Y applicator was applied to the skin close to the incision for 5 min each time, once every other day, with a dose of 6 Gy each time and a total dose of 18 Gy for three times, and the second course was conducted after an interval of 3 months. In the photodynamic group, photodynamic therapy was performed on the third day after the operation. The prepared 5-aminolevulinic acid solution with a concentration of 20% was applied to the incision of ear keloid surgery, and then it was sealed in the dark for 3 hours. After that, it was irradiated with a photodynamic laser therapeutic instrument with a wavelength of 635 nm, with an irradiation distance of 10 cm, an energy density of 80-100 J/cm 2, an irradiation time of 30 min. The treatment was performed 3 times with an interval of 7-10 days. Before the operation and one year after treatment, two dermatologists who participated in the treatment used Vancouver scar scale (VSS) to score scars, with a total score of 0-10 points. The higher the score, the more serious the scar. The patients scored the scar by the patient scar assessment scale (PSAS), with a total score of 6-60 points. The higher the score, the more serious the scar. One year after the end of treatment, the therapeutic effect (including cured, effective and ineffective) was evaluated, and the total effective rate [(cured cases+ effective cases)/total cases ×100%] and the recurrence rate (recurrent cases/total cases ×100%) were analysed. The treatment process and complications of the two groups were recorded. SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the data. The measurement data in accordance with normal distribution were expressed as Mean±SD. Comparisons between the groups were performed using t-test, and comparisons within the groups were performed using paired t-test. The counting data was expressed by the number of cases and percentage. Chi-square test was used for the comparison between groups. P<0.05 indicated that the difference was statistically significant. Results:Thirty-one patients (6 males and 25 females) were included in the isotope group. The age was (35.0±1.1) years. The course of disease was (2.0±1.1) years. The volume of keloid was (1.8±0.1)cm 3. Thirty cases were included in photodynamic group, 6 males and 24 females. The age was (34.0±4.8) years, the course of disease was (2.0±0.5) years, and the volume of keloid was (1.7±0.3) cm 3. There was no significant difference in general data between the two groups ( P>0.05). The ear keloids of 61 patients were all removed and the incision healed well. The VSS score in isotope group was (2.72±0.06) points one year after treatment, which was significantly lower than that before treatment [(8.36±0.12) points] ( t=2.75, P<0.001). The VSS score in photodynamic group was (2.81±0.04) points one year after treatment, which was also significantly lower than that before treatment [(8.21±0.34) points] ( t=2.77, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in VSS scores between the two groups before treatment and one year after treatment ( P>0.05). PSAS score in isotope group was (8.80±0.02) points one year after treatment, which was significantly lower than that before treatment [(44.51±0.15) points] ( t=2.83, P<0.001). The PSAS score in photodynamic group was (8.80±0.06) points one year after treatment, which was also significantly lower than that before treatment [(44.60±0.27) points] ( t=2.90, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in PSAS scores between the two groups before treatment and one year after treatment ( P>0.05). One year after treatment, 22 cases were cured, 7 cases were markedly effective and 2 cases were ineffective in the isotope group, with a total effective rate of 93.5% (29/31) and a recurrence rate of 6.5% (2/31). In the photodynamic group, 19 cases were cured, 8 cases were markedly effective and 3 cases were ineffective. The total effective rate was 90.0% (27/30) and the recurrence rate was 10.0% (3/30). There were no significant differences in the total effective rate, and the recurrence rate between the two groups ( P>0.05). All patients in the isotope group had itchy skin on the second day of treatment, and 22 cases were accompanied by desquamation. Symptoms disappeared in 25 cases after symptomatic treatment. Six patients developed radiation dermatitis, and the skin healed after symptomatic treatment. However, 2 patients with skin ulceration showed depigmentation at the skin lesions. The patients in the photodynamic group showed mild redness and swelling on the second day after treatment, accompanied by slight itching and desquamation, and the symptoms subsided spontaneously in 1-3 days. Pigmentation appeared in 12 cases at 1 week, and subsided spontaneously 1 week after treatment. No skin ulceration and depigmentation occurred. Conclusion:Surgery combined with photodynamic therapy can improve the appearance of ear keloids, relieve the clinical symptoms of patients and reduce the recurrence rate. Its curative effect is equivalent to isotope therapy, but there are fewer complications and higher safety.