Objective:To explore the distribution and characteristics of microbiota in the lower reproductive tract of patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma infected by human papilloma virus (HPV) 16 subtype.Methods:A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 6 patients with HPV16 single subtype positive cervical squamous cell carcinoma admitted to the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from August 2019 to June 2020 were selected as cervical carcinoma group, and 6 healthy women who did not indicate abnormalities in thin-based layer cytology test (TCT) during the same period among the physical examination population and had HPV negative test result were selected as the healthy control group. A sterile cotton swab was used to collect secretions from the posterior cervical fornix in patients before antitumor treatment and healthy controls during physical examination. The high variable region of the 16S rRNA gene V1-V2 of the bacteria was amplified by using next generation sequencing (NGS), and then the distribution and characteristics of the bacteria were analyzed.Results:The age of cervical cancer group and the healthy control group was (51±8) years and (48±3) years, respectively, and the difference in age between the both groups was statistically significant ( t= 0.63, P= 0.540). The patients of both groups had reproductive history and no smoking experience. Alpha diversity analysis showed that compared with the healthy control group, the sobs ( t= 3.25, P= 0.009) and chao ( t= 2.91, P= 0.016) indexes were higher in cervical cancer group, and the differences were statistically significant. The shannon index was higher ( t= 2.07, P= 0.065) and simpson index was lower ( t= 1.74, P= 0.113) in cervical cancer group, while the difference was not statistically different. Data dimensionality reduction analysis in principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) based on bray-curtis distance showed that the difference in Beta diversity between the healthy control group and cervical cancer group was statistically significant ( R2= 0.154, P = 0.018). At the phylum level, the proportion of Firmicutes in cervical cancer group was lower than that in the healthy control group (30.21% vs. 68.28%), while the proportion of Bacteroidetes in cervical cancer group decreased slightly (6.87% vs. 8.11%); and the proportion of Actinobacteria (26.91% vs. 14.42%) and Proteobacteria (27.33% vs. 0.67%) had an increase in cervical cancer group. At the genus level, compared with the healthy control group, the proportion of Lactobacillus and Corynebacterium decreased in cervical cancer group, and loss of dominant flora could be detected; while Rhodococcus, Klebsiella and Aerococcus increased significantly in cervical cancer group. The bacteria species in cervical cancer group was increased compared with the healthy control group. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) showed that Rhodococcus (LDA = 5.04), Klebsiella (LDA = 4.71), Enterobacter (LDA = 4.29), Ralstonia (LDA = 4.28), Ochrobactrum (LDA = 4.23) and Veillonella (LDA = 4.14) were the distinctive microbiota of cervical cancer group at the genus level. At the phylum level, Firmicutes (LDA = 5.23) in the healthy control group could be considered as a marker species. At the species level, the proportions of Rhodococcus ( P = 0.025), Ralstonia ( P = 0.045), Veillonella ( P = 0.044), Paraburkholderia ( P = 0.045), Pseudomonas ( P = 0.043) in cervical cancer group were increased compared with the healthy control group, and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusions:HPV16 single positive patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma show the characteristics such as the increased diversity and richness of the lower reproductive tract microbiota compared with the healthy controls, while the abundance of Lactobacillus decreases. Rhodococcus and Klebsiella could serve as symbolic microbial in the lower reproductive tract. However, further studies still need to be verified.

[Objective] To explore the efficacy and safety of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) using a flexible negative pressure suction sheath in the treatment of upper urinary tract stones >2 cm in diameter, to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of such disease. [Methods] Clinical data of 155 patients who underwent surgery for upper urinary tract stones during Nov.2022 and Nov.2023 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into 3 groups: percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) group (n=54), conventional sheath RIRS group (n=41), and flexible sheath RIRS group (n=60). The general and clinical data of the 3 groups were compared. [Results] The PCNL group had more patients with severe hydronephrosis (22.22% vs. 4.88%, 5.00%, P=0.027) and smaller IPA involving the lower calyx [(36.17±17.6)° vs. (48.57±17.56)°, (47.41±10.82)°, P=0.014] than the conventional sheath RIRS group and flexible sheath RIRS group.Three days after operation, the stone-free rate (SFR) was 90.74%, 53.66% and 78.33% in the PCNL, conventional sheath RIRS, and flexible sheath RIRS groups, respectively (P<0.05). At 1 month postoperatively, the SFR was 92.59%, 73.17%, and 81.67%, with no statistically significant difference between the PCNL and flexible sheath RIRS groups (P>0.05), but was higher than that in the conventional sheath RIRS group (P<0.05). The PCNL group had shorter operation time than the two RIRS groups [(65.22±17.67) min vs. (91.73±20.57) min, (94.38±24.75) min, P<0.001], longer postoperative hospital stay [(5.0(4.0, 7.0) d vs.3.0(2.0, 4.0) d, 3.0(2.0, 4.0) d, P<0.001], greater decrease in hemoglobin level [(18.00±5.78) g/L vs. (5.57±5.16) g/L, (7.42±5.09) g/L, P<0.001], and higher visual analogue scale (VAS) score [(4.83±1.48) min vs. (2.95±1.07) min, (3.05±1.21) min, P<0.001], while there was no difference between the two RIRS groups (P>0.05). The costs were lower in the flexible sheath RIRS group than in the conventional sheath RIRS group but higher than in the PCNL group [(23 311.19±1 341.20)yuan vs.(24 550.49±1 172.51)yuan, (15 351.97±1 101.4)yuan, P<0.001]. The overall incidence of complications was similar among the three groups, but stone street occurred only in the conventional sheath RIRS group. [Conclusion] For the treatment of patients with upper urinary tract stones >2 cm, RIRS has shorter postoperative hospital stay, lower hemoglobin decrease, and lower VAS score compared to PCNL; the early postoperative SFR of flexible sheath RIRS is superior to that of conventional sheath RIRS, and the 1-month SFR is comparable to that of PCNL, with a low incidence of stone street.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features of pregnant associated Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (PTCM).Methods:We reviewed reported PTCM cases published from January 2007 to June 2022 using the keywords "Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy""Takotsubo cardiomyopathy" "stress cardiomyopathy" AND "parturition" "pregnancy" "cesarean delivery" "postpartum" "peripartum" "eclampsia" "abortion" in Pubmed and Web of Science databases and the corresponding Chinese words in Wanfang and Chinese Medical Journal Network. Age, obstetric history, mode of delivery, mode of anesthesia, etiological factors, clinical manifestations, treatment, and prognosis of PTCM were recorded. Descriptive statistical analysis was adopted.Results:A total of 55 articles were included, covering 60 patients with PTCM. (1) Age and time of onset: The age of onset was (32.4±6.0) years old. PTCM occurred most frequently during labor [42% (25/60)] and within one day postpartum [32% (19/60)] and during the gestational period [13%(8/60), 33.0 weeks (24.5-37.7 weeks)]. (2) Delivery-related factors: There were 38% (16/42) primiparas and 60% (25/42) multiparas. Among them, 67% (38/57) and 18% (10/57) were delivered by cesarean section and vaginal delivery, respectively. PCTM often lacks obvious triggers [40% (24/60)], with the most common inducing factor being pregnancy-related diseases [27% (16/60)]. (3) Clinical features: The initial symptoms of PTCM were dyspnea [44% (26/59)], followed by chest pain accompanied by dyspnea [17% (10/59)]. The most common subtype of PTCM was the apical type [45% (26/58)], followed by the basal type [24% (14/58)], while the biventricular type was the least common [3% (2/58)] in the PTCM classification. The left ventricular ejection fraction was (31.6±12.1) % at the onset of PTCM, which recovered to (58.2±7.6) % at discharge. PCTM was often complicated by pulmonary edema [67% (40/60)] and cardiogenic shock [55% (33/60)]. (4) Treatment and prognosis: Patients with PCTM usually require noninvasive or invasive ventilator-assisted ventilation [40% (23/58)]. One pregnant woman and five neonates died, while the remaining patients recovered well.Conclusions:PTCM should be considered in differential diagnosis of patients experiencing dyspnea and chest pain during labor and pregnancy. PTCM patients are younger and have more pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock. Mechanical ventilation is often required, but the prognosis is favorable.

Objective:To explore the morbidity, clinical features and mortality of unilateral pulmonary edema (PE) in the intensive care unit (ICU).Methods:Clinical data of PE patients in ICU between January 2018 and January 2021 were retrospectively collected. All patients were divided into the bilateral PE and unilateral PE groups according to imaging manifestations. Etilogy, clinical performance, cardiac ultrasound parameters, complications, treatment and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to screen out the risk factors of death.Results:Of the 314 PE patients, 14 (4.5%) were unilateral PE patients , and 11 (78.5%) were right-sided unilateral PE. There were no differences in age, gender, heart rate, respiratory rate and left ventricular eject fraction between the unilateral and bilateral PE groups. Compared with the bilateral PE group, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower in the unilateral PE group [128 (102.7-138) mmHg vs. 135 (116-166) mmHg, 72 (54-88.2) mmHg vs. 82 (69-97.7)mmHg, respectively]. The incidence of cardiac arrest and hospital mortality were higher in the unilateral PE group [28.6% vs. 8.0%, 42.9% vs. 10%, all P<0.05]. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that age, unilateral PE, and use of vasoactive agent were associated with poor prognosis. Odds ratio of unilateral PE and use of vasoactive agent were 17.78 and 11.67, respectively. Conclusions:Unilateral PE is not rare, which is an independent risk factors for mortality and should be promptly recognized to avoid delays in treatment.

Objective:To investigate the effects of additional chromosomal abnormalities (ACA) in Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph +) cells on biological characteristics, therapy efficacy, and prognosis of patients with primary chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) -chronic phase (CP) and those who developed CML-accelerated phase/blast phase (AP/BP) during therapy. Methods:The clinical data of 410 patients with Ph + CML, including 348 patients with primary CML-CP and 62 patients who progressed to CML-AP/BP during treatment, who were admitted to Henan People's Hospital from January 2013 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed to categorize into high-risk, non-high-risk, and non-ACA groups according to the ELN2020 criteria. The effects of high- and non-high-risk ACA on biological characteristics, therapy efficacy, and prognosis were compared. Results:①Among the 348 patients with primary CML-CP, 20 patients (5.75% ) had ACA, including 3 and 17 patients with high-risk and non-high-risk ACA, respectively, whereas the remaining 328 patients did not have ACA. There were no significant differences in baseline clinical characteristics between those with and without ACA ( P>0.05 for all) . The rates of complete hematological response, complete cytogenetic response, major molecular remission, and 5-year overall survival (OS) were not significantly different between the non-high-risk ACA and non-ACA groups ( P>0.05 for all) ; however, the 5-year progression-free survival of the non-high-risk ACA group (42.0% ) was significantly lower than that of the non-ACA group (74.5% ) ( χ2=4.766, P=0.029) .②Of the 62 patients who progressed to CML-AP/BP during treatment, 41 patients (66.13% ) had ACA, including 28 and 13 patients with high-risk and non-high-risk ACA, respectively, whereas the remaining 21 patients did not have ACA. Platelet counts of the high-risk ACA group (42.5×10 9/L) were lower than those of the non-high-risk (141×10 9/L) and non-ACA groups (109×10 9/L) ( χ2=4.968, P=0.083) . There was no significant difference in the incidence of point mutations in ABL kinase among the three groups ( P=0.652) . The complete cytogenetic response of the high-risk ACA group (5.3% ) was significantly lower than that of the non-ACA group (46.7% ) ( χ2=5.851, P=0.016) . The 5-year OS of the high-risk ACA group was lower than that of the non-ACA group (46.2% vs 77.8% , χ2=3.878, P=0.049) . Subgroup analysis revealed that the 5-year OS rate of the high-risk group Ⅱ, which included -7/7q-, i (17q) , and complex karyotype comprising ≥2 high-risk ACA, was significantly lower than that of the non-ACA group (28.6% vs 77.8% , χ2=8.035, P=0.005) whereas the 5-year OS rate was not significantly different between high-risk group Ⅰ, which included +8,+Ph, and complex ACA with +8/+Ph, and the non-ACA group (54.5% vs 77.8% , χ2 =1.514, P=0.219) . Conclusion:Due to different disease stages and ACA/Ph + types, treatment response and prognosis vary among patients with CML harboring ACA/Ph +. The emergence of high-risk ACA during therapy suggests worse therapy efficacy and prognosis. Strict and standardized cytogenetic monitoring is critical for early detection, precise diagnosis, and treatment of these patients.

Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics of 141 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) and the imaging characteristics of High Resolution CT(HRCT) in the chest. Methods: From January 20, 2020 to 28, 141 NCP patients, 77 males and 64 females, with a median age of 49 (9,87), were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical features, laboratory examination indexes and HRCT findings of 141 NCP patients were analyzed. Results: In 141 NCP patients, 38 (26.95%) had a decrease in leukocyte count and 71 (50.35%) had a decrease in lymphocyte ratio. Among 141 NCP patients, 139 (98.58%) had fever (over 37.5 ° C), 106 (75.18%) coughed, 11 (7.80%) had headache, 41 (29.08%) coughed up sputum, 93 (65.96%) had chest distress, and 4 (2.84%) had diarrhea. HRCT of 141 NCP patients were abnormal, 52 (36.88%) showed ground glass shadow (GGO) and patchy shadow, mainly subpleural distribution; 23 (16.31%) showed GGO with focal consolidation; 27 (19.15%) had small patchy blur; 20 (14.18%) had large patchy consolidation; 48 (34.04%) had bronchovascular bundle thickening and vascular perforator sign; 5 (3.55%) had Air bronchus sign; small nodule shadow in 7 cases (4.96%); fibrosis, grid shadow or strip shadow in 5 cases (3.55%); bilateral pleural effusion in 7 cases (4.96%); mediastinal or bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy in 4 cases (2.84%). Conclusions The clinical features and HRCT images of NCP are various. Under the specific epidemiological background of NCP, HRCT scan of chest should be carried out in time to make early warning of disease.

Objective:To summarize the clinical and high resolution CT(HRCT) characteristics of 141 patients with COVID-19.Methods:From January 20 to 28, 2020, 141 COVID-19 patients, 77 males and 64 females, with a median age of 49 (9, 87), were enrolled in the study. The clinical features, laboratory test results and HRCT findings of all patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results:In all of the patients, the decreasing leukocyte countin 38 (26.95%) and lymphocyte ratio in 71 (50.35%), a fever over 37.5 ℃ in 139 (98.58%), coughing in 106 (75.18%), headache in 11 (7.80%), expectoration in 41 (29.08%), chest distress in 93 (65.96%), and diarrhea in 4 (2.84%) were found. The HRCT of all patients were abnormal, including ground glass opacity (GGO) with patchy opacity in 52 (36.88%) mainly distributed along subpleural area, GGO with focal consolidation in 23 (16.31%),small patchy opacity in 27 (19.15%),large patchy consolidation in 20 (14.18%),thickened bronchovascular bundleing and blood vessel crossing the lesion in 48 (34.04%), air bronchus sign in 5 (3.55%), small nodule in 7 (4.96%),fibrous stripes and reticular opacities in 5 (3.55%), bilateral pleural effusion in 7 (4.96%), and mediastinal or bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy in 4 (2.84%).Conclusions:The clinical and HRCT manifestations of COVID-19 are various. Under the specific epidemiological background of COVID-19, chest HRCT scan should be carried out as soon as possible for early warning of this disease.

Objective:This study aims to investigate the characteristics of gene mutation and clinical prognosis in de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with myelofibrosis (MF) .Methods:From January 1, 2016, to February 1, 2020, 103 newly diagnosed AML patients in Henan Provincial People’s Hospital who simultaneously underwent bone marrow biopsy examination were included. They were divided into the AML-MF group (MF grades 1-3) and the AML without MF group (MF grade 0) , and the clinical features, gene alterations, chemotherapy efficacy, and prognosis were compared between the two groups retrospectively.Results:①MF was confirmed in 44.7% of AML patients (46/103) , of which 84.8% (39/46) were MF-1 and 15.2% (7/46) were MF-2/3, while MF was not confirmed in 55.3% (57/103) of AML patients. The median of WBC in the AML-MF group was significantly higher than in the AML without MF group [11.205 (0.69-191.82) ×10 9/L vs 4.64 (0.18-95.10) ×10 9/L, P=0.024]. More patients in the AML-MF group had nucleated erythrocytes in the peripheral blood (43.5% vs 24.6% , χ2=4.119, P=0.042) . All four AML-M 0 patients were in the AML-MF group, while AML without MF group had a higher proportion of AML-M 2 ( P=0.014) . ②FLT3-ITD and NPM1 mutations were more frequent in the AML-MF group ( P=0.021 and 0.039) , while CEBPA mutation was more frequent in the AML without MF group ( P=0.029) . ③The CR rate in the AML-MF group was significantly lower than in the AML without MF group (69.7% vs 93.2% ) ( χ2 =7.412, P=0.006) . Multivariate analysis showed that MF, especially the grade of fibrosis, was an independent risk factor for CR in de novo AML. ④The 3-year OS of patients in the AML-MF group was significantly lower than in the AML without MF group (20.5% vs 72.2% , χ2=4.032, P=0.045) . Subgroup analysis showed that OS and PFS of AML-MF1 and AML-MF 2/3 groups were also significantly worse than those of the AML without MF group ( P=0.001) and MF, especially MF ≥2, was an independent marker for inferior OS and PFS in de novo AML ( P=0.021 and 0.044) . Conclusion:AML-MF has unique laboratory and clinical characteristics. MF is an independent risk factor for CR, OS, and PFS in AML. Evaluation of MF is very significant for therapy efficacy and prognosis judgment in de novo AML.

Objective: To analyze the percentage of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blast cells, and to explore the correlation of MPO expression with the clinical features, gene alterations, therapeutic response and prognosis of AML. Methods: The expressions of MPO in BM blasts cells of 233 newly diagnosed AML were retrospectived analyzed, they were divided into two groups using the percentage of MPO-positive blast [low (≤70%) and high (>70%)], clinical features, gene alterations, chemotherapy efficacy and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results: ①Of the 233 patients, 121(51.9%) were in the low MPO group, and the rest 112(48.1%) in the high MPO group. Favorable-risk group according NCCN guidelines of AML was always MPO-high (χ²=32.773, P<0.001), while MPO-low was closely related to poor-risk (χ²=7.078, P=0.008); ②DNMT3A mutation (χ²=6.905, P=0.009), spliceosome genes mutation (SF3B1/SRSF2/U2AF1) (χ²=5.246, P=0.022), RUNX1 mutation (χ²=4.577, P=0.032), ASXL1 mutation (χ²=7.951, P=0.005) and TP53 mutation (P=0.004) were more likely to be seen in the low MPO group, while C-KIT mutation (χ²=8.936, P=0.003) and CEBPA mutation (χ²=12.340, P<0.001) were more frequent in the high MPO group, especially CEBPA double mutation; ③The rates of first complete remission in the low MPO group were significantly lower than that in the high MPO group (38.8% vs 68.1%, χ²=15.197, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that low MPO positivity significantly affected the CR₁ unfavourably. ④The overall survival (OS) and the progression-free survival (PFS) were significantly worse in the low MPO group (18.0% vs 89.4% for OS, and 11.5% vs 56.7% for PFS, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis disclosed that the low number of MPO was significantly unfavourable prognostic factor. ⑤The low MPO group still showed a worse survival even when restricted to the patients with normal karyotype, the OS and the PFS were 31.1% and 18.8% respectively. Conclusions AML with different MPO expression percentage had a unique gene mutation spectrum. Low expression of MPO was an independent risk factor for CR₁, OS and PFS in AML patients, which may be a simple and highly significant factor for AML patients when evaluating the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis.

Biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following curative resection are not currently sufficient for prognostic indication of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic performance of osteopontin (OPN), matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7), and pregnancy specific glycoprotein 9 (PSG9) in patients with HCC. A total of 179 prospective patients with HCC provided plasma before hepatectomy. Plasma OPN, MMP7, and PSG9 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Correlations between plasma levels, clinical parameters, and outcomes (OS and DFS) were overall analyzed. High OPN ( ⩾ 149.97 ng/mL), MMP7 ( ⩾ 2.28 ng/mL), and PSG9 ( ⩾ 45.59 ng/mL) were prognostic indicators of reduced OS (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.007, respectively). Plasma PSG9 protein level was an independent factor in predicting OS (P = 0.008) and DFS (P = 0.038). Plasma OPN + MMP7 + PSG9 elevation in combination was a prognostic factor for OS (P < 0.001). OPN was demonstrated to be a risk factorassociated OS in stage I patients with HCC and patients with low α-fetoprotein levels ( < 20 ng/mL). These findings suggested that OPN, MMP7, PSG9 and their combined panels may be useful for aiding in tumor recurrence and mortality risk prediction of patients with HCC, particularly in the early stage of HCC carcinogenesis.
Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; blood ; mortality ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood ; mortality ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Osteopontin ; blood ; Pregnancy-Specific beta 1-Glycoproteins ; analysis ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Survival Analysis