ObjectiveTo construct an animal model of respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）-infected pneumonia suitable for preclinical studies. MethodsThe virulence of RSV to the four cell lines was observed by cytopathic effect （CPE）， and 50% tissue culture infective dose（TCID₅₀） was calculated. Twenty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a normal group and a model group. Six BALB/c-hIGF1R mice served as the humanized IGF1R model group. Except for the normal group， the other groups received intranasal RSV infection on days 1 and 3 to establish a viral pneumonia model. The efficacy of establishing an RSV-induced pneumonia animal model based on humanized insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor （IGF1R） mice was evaluated by measuring organ indices， peripheral blood lymphocyte percentages， pulmonary pathology and imaging， and pulmonary viral load. Additionally， ten BALB/c mice served as normal group， and thirty-two BALB/c-hIGF1R mice were randomly assigned to humanized IGF1R model group， ribavirin group （82.5 mg·kg^-¹·d^-¹）， and high and low dose groups of Lianhua Qingwen （3.3 mg·kg^-¹·d^-¹ ， 1.65 mg·kg^-¹·d^-¹）， with 8 mice per group. The viral load in lung tissue was measured after ribavirin and Lianhua Qingwen intervention， and the model was applied to the evaluation of anti-RSV drugs. ResultsIn the lungs of the humanized IGF1R model group， large solid and diffuse ground-glass shadows were seen， and the lung volume was significantly increased （P<0.01）. The lung index was significantly increased （P<0.01）， and both the spleen index and thymus index were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The percentages of CD3⁺ and CD4⁺T cells were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， and there was a large amount of inflammation and stasis in the perivascular area of the lung tissue， which was predominantly characterized by lymphocytes. The endothelium of blood vessels was partially detached， with a small number of eosinophils. After infecting BALB/c-hIGF1R mice with RSV， the expression of viral nucleic acids in the lung tissue of the mice was significantly increased， with significant differences compared with the normal group （P<0.01）. The expression of viral nucleic acids in the ribavirin group and the high and low dose groups of Lianhua Qingwen was significantly reduced， with significant differences compared with the normal group （P<0.01）. ConclusionHumanized IGF1R mice are more susceptible to respiratory SVC， and the animal model of RSV-infected pneumonia based on humanized IGF1R mice was successfully constructed， which is suitable for the evaluation of anti-RSV drugs.

Currently， viral pneumonia （VP） presents a major challenge to global public health. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） prevention and treatment of VP is guided by the core concept of strengthening vital energy and eliminating pathogenic factors rather than targeting specific pathogens， alongside a holistic approach of syndrome differentiation and treatment. By summarizing the clinical syndromes of patients， the core pathogenesis was clarified to achieve individualized therapy. Animal models for disease-syndrome combination integrate the etiology and pathogenesis of VP and simulate the individualized manifestations of patients at different disease stages， providing an experimental platform for elucidating the theoretical basis of TCM in treating VP and promoting the development of effective TCM formulations. However， there are limitations in the application and promotion of disease-syndrome combination animal models due to the lack of standardization and normalization of model construction systems， which arise from diverse species selection， compound modeling methods， and multidimensional evaluation indicators. This paper systematically reviewed the recent research on animal models for disease-syndrome combination in VP from the perspective of species selection， modeling methods， evaluation indicators， and application status. Furthermore， it summarized the advantages and limitations of existing models， identifies future directions for improvement， and proposes optimization strategies. This review provides a reference for establishing standardized and normalized animal models for disease-syndrome combinations in VP， supporting the theoretical modernization of TCM in preventing and controlling emerging respiratory infectious diseases， and contributing to the development of new TCM drugs.

ObjectiveTo construct an animal model of respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）-infected pneumonia suitable for preclinical studies. MethodsThe virulence of RSV to the four cell lines was observed by cytopathic effect （CPE）， and 50% tissue culture infective dose（TCID₅₀） was calculated. Twenty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a normal group and a model group. Six BALB/c-hIGF1R mice served as the humanized IGF1R model group. Except for the normal group， the other groups received intranasal RSV infection on days 1 and 3 to establish a viral pneumonia model. The efficacy of establishing an RSV-induced pneumonia animal model based on humanized insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor （IGF1R） mice was evaluated by measuring organ indices， peripheral blood lymphocyte percentages， pulmonary pathology and imaging， and pulmonary viral load. Additionally， ten BALB/c mice served as normal group， and thirty-two BALB/c-hIGF1R mice were randomly assigned to humanized IGF1R model group， ribavirin group （82.5 mg·kg^-¹·d^-¹）， and high and low dose groups of Lianhua Qingwen （3.3 mg·kg^-¹·d^-¹ ， 1.65 mg·kg^-¹·d^-¹）， with 8 mice per group. The viral load in lung tissue was measured after ribavirin and Lianhua Qingwen intervention， and the model was applied to the evaluation of anti-RSV drugs. ResultsIn the lungs of the humanized IGF1R model group， large solid and diffuse ground-glass shadows were seen， and the lung volume was significantly increased （P<0.01）. The lung index was significantly increased （P<0.01）， and both the spleen index and thymus index were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The percentages of CD3⁺ and CD4⁺T cells were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， and there was a large amount of inflammation and stasis in the perivascular area of the lung tissue， which was predominantly characterized by lymphocytes. The endothelium of blood vessels was partially detached， with a small number of eosinophils. After infecting BALB/c-hIGF1R mice with RSV， the expression of viral nucleic acids in the lung tissue of the mice was significantly increased， with significant differences compared with the normal group （P<0.01）. The expression of viral nucleic acids in the ribavirin group and the high and low dose groups of Lianhua Qingwen was significantly reduced， with significant differences compared with the normal group （P<0.01）. ConclusionHumanized IGF1R mice are more susceptible to respiratory SVC， and the animal model of RSV-infected pneumonia based on humanized IGF1R mice was successfully constructed， which is suitable for the evaluation of anti-RSV drugs.

Currently， viral pneumonia （VP） presents a major challenge to global public health. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） prevention and treatment of VP is guided by the core concept of strengthening vital energy and eliminating pathogenic factors rather than targeting specific pathogens， alongside a holistic approach of syndrome differentiation and treatment. By summarizing the clinical syndromes of patients， the core pathogenesis was clarified to achieve individualized therapy. Animal models for disease-syndrome combination integrate the etiology and pathogenesis of VP and simulate the individualized manifestations of patients at different disease stages， providing an experimental platform for elucidating the theoretical basis of TCM in treating VP and promoting the development of effective TCM formulations. However， there are limitations in the application and promotion of disease-syndrome combination animal models due to the lack of standardization and normalization of model construction systems， which arise from diverse species selection， compound modeling methods， and multidimensional evaluation indicators. This paper systematically reviewed the recent research on animal models for disease-syndrome combination in VP from the perspective of species selection， modeling methods， evaluation indicators， and application status. Furthermore， it summarized the advantages and limitations of existing models， identifies future directions for improvement， and proposes optimization strategies. This review provides a reference for establishing standardized and normalized animal models for disease-syndrome combinations in VP， supporting the theoretical modernization of TCM in preventing and controlling emerging respiratory infectious diseases， and contributing to the development of new TCM drugs.

The chemical components of Carthami Flos were investigated by using macroporous resin, silica gel column chromatography, reversed-phase octadecylsilane(ODS) column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). The planar structures of the compounds were established based on their physicochemical properties and ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis), infrared(IR), high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(HR-ESI-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopic technology. The absolute configurations were determined by comparing the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism(ECD). Six flavonoid C-glycosides were isolated from the 30% ethanol elution fraction of macroporous resin obtained from the 95% ethanol extract of Carthami Flos, and identified as saffloquinoside F(1), 5-hydroxysaffloneoside(2), iso-5-hydroxysaffloneoside(3), isosafflomin C(4), safflomin C(5), and vicenin 2(6). Among these, the compounds 1 to 3 were new chalcone C-glycosides. The compounds 1, 2, 4, and 5 could significantly increase the viability of H9c2 cardiomyocytes damaged by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R) at a concentration of 50 μmol·L~(-1), showing their good cardioprotective activity.
Glycosides/pharmacology* ; Flowers/chemistry* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Carthamus tinctorius/chemistry* ; Chalcones/pharmacology* ; Animals

Objective:To explore the correlation between ASXL1 gene mutation characteristics and clinical manifestations and prognosis in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS).Methods:The clinical date of 264 patients with MDS in Xuzhou Central Hospital,Southeast University from August 2010 to April 2024 was retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into ASXL1wt group and ASXL1mut group according to the presence of ASXL1 gene mutation,and the correlation between gene mutation characteristics and clinical manifestations and prognosis was analyzed.Results:Compared with ASXL1wt group,the ASXL1mut group had a higher age of onset(P＜0.05),a higher proportion of males(P＜0.05),while the incidence of del(5q)was lower(P＜0.01).The mutation frequency of ASXL1 in MDS patients was 21.97％,and most of them were frameshift mutations.The p.Gly646fs was the most common amino acid variant,with a mutation frequency of 20.69％.The median overall survival(OS)and leukemia-free survival of patients with this sequence variant was 18.1 and 23.8 months,respectively,while in those without this sequence variant was 30 months and not reached,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that the mutation of NRAS,WT1,KIT gene and the p.Gly646fs sequence mutation of ASXL1 gene were independent prognostic factors for OS in ASXL1mut patients.The median OS of ASXL1wt and ASXL1mut patients was 27.9(21.3-40.4)and 23.7(18.6-NA)months,respectively(P＞0.05).Among 58 ASXL1mut patients,5 cases(8.6％)transformed to acute leukemia,including 3 cases with RUNX1 mutation and 3 cases with TET2 mutation.Among 206 ASXL1wt patients,28 cases(13.6％)transformed to acute leukemia.The difference in leukemia transformation rate between the two groups was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The efficacy of different treatment regimens was similar in the ASXL1mut group,while in the ASXL1wt group,patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation had a significantly better prognosis than those receiving other treatment regimens(P＜0.001).The overall response rate to demethylation therapy was 68.7％and 67.6％in ASXL1mut and ASXL1wt group,respectively,and the difference between the two groups was not significant(P＞0.05).Conclusion:The overall survival of MDS patients with ASXL1mut is poor.The patients with p.Gly646fs sequence mutation have a higher proportion of bone marrow blasts and a worse prognosis.There are no statistical differences in efficacy of different treatment strategies in ASXL1mut group.ASXL1 mutation shows no significant effect on the response of MDS to hypomethylating agent therapy.

Objective:To explore the correlation between ASXL1 gene mutation characteristics and clinical manifestations and prognosis in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS).Methods:The clinical date of 264 patients with MDS in Xuzhou Central Hospital,Southeast University from August 2010 to April 2024 was retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into ASXL1wt group and ASXL1mut group according to the presence of ASXL1 gene mutation,and the correlation between gene mutation characteristics and clinical manifestations and prognosis was analyzed.Results:Compared with ASXL1wt group,the ASXL1mut group had a higher age of onset(P＜0.05),a higher proportion of males(P＜0.05),while the incidence of del(5q)was lower(P＜0.01).The mutation frequency of ASXL1 in MDS patients was 21.97％,and most of them were frameshift mutations.The p.Gly646fs was the most common amino acid variant,with a mutation frequency of 20.69％.The median overall survival(OS)and leukemia-free survival of patients with this sequence variant was 18.1 and 23.8 months,respectively,while in those without this sequence variant was 30 months and not reached,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that the mutation of NRAS,WT1,KIT gene and the p.Gly646fs sequence mutation of ASXL1 gene were independent prognostic factors for OS in ASXL1mut patients.The median OS of ASXL1wt and ASXL1mut patients was 27.9(21.3-40.4)and 23.7(18.6-NA)months,respectively(P＞0.05).Among 58 ASXL1mut patients,5 cases(8.6％)transformed to acute leukemia,including 3 cases with RUNX1 mutation and 3 cases with TET2 mutation.Among 206 ASXL1wt patients,28 cases(13.6％)transformed to acute leukemia.The difference in leukemia transformation rate between the two groups was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The efficacy of different treatment regimens was similar in the ASXL1mut group,while in the ASXL1wt group,patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation had a significantly better prognosis than those receiving other treatment regimens(P＜0.001).The overall response rate to demethylation therapy was 68.7％and 67.6％in ASXL1mut and ASXL1wt group,respectively,and the difference between the two groups was not significant(P＞0.05).Conclusion:The overall survival of MDS patients with ASXL1mut is poor.The patients with p.Gly646fs sequence mutation have a higher proportion of bone marrow blasts and a worse prognosis.There are no statistical differences in efficacy of different treatment strategies in ASXL1mut group.ASXL1 mutation shows no significant effect on the response of MDS to hypomethylating agent therapy.

Objective To investigate the impact of county-level"Unified ECG Network"construction on the treatment efficiency and clinical outcomes of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of STEMI patients from Beichuan County and Yanting County in Mianyang City,and Jiange County in Guangyuan City,Sichuan Province,during the 18 months before(128 cases)and 18 months after(187 cases)the establishment of the"Unified ECG Network."Differences in demographic characteristics,treatment efficiency,therapeutic methods,and clinical outcomes between the two groups were compared.Results There was no statistically significant difference in general demographic characteristics between the two groups(all P＞0.05).Compared with the pre-construction group,the post-construction group showed significantly shorter times in initial ECG completion[5(3,7)min vs.6(4,8)min],initial ECG diagnosis[3(2,4)min vs.5(2,6)min],first medical contact to preliminary diagnosis[10(9,12)min vs.13(11,15)min],network hospital door-in-door-out time[21(19,23)min vs.26(23,30)min],and first medical contact to wire-crossing time[(94.82±11.87)min vs.(107.97±18.39)min](allP＜0.001).The proportion of patients bypassing the emergency department and coronary care unit significantly increased(64.17％vs.32.81％,P＜0.001).The proportion of patients undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention significantly increased(72.73％vs.51.56％,P＜0.001),while the proportions of thrombolytic therapy and non-reperfusion therapy significantly decreased(both P＜0.05).Additionally,in-hospital mortality rate,Killip class≥Ⅱ proportion,incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events,and average length of hospital stay were all significantly reduced(all P＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences among the three county-level chest pain centers in terms of major treatment efficiency,therapeutic strategies,or clinical outcomes(all P＞0.05).Conclusions The construction of the county-level"Unified ECG Network"can significantly improve the treatment efficiency of STEMI patients,optimize reperfusion therapy strategies,improve clinical outcomes,and demonstrate substantial clinical promotion value.

Objective To investigate the impact of county-level"Unified ECG Network"construction on the treatment efficiency and clinical outcomes of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of STEMI patients from Beichuan County and Yanting County in Mianyang City,and Jiange County in Guangyuan City,Sichuan Province,during the 18 months before(128 cases)and 18 months after(187 cases)the establishment of the"Unified ECG Network."Differences in demographic characteristics,treatment efficiency,therapeutic methods,and clinical outcomes between the two groups were compared.Results There was no statistically significant difference in general demographic characteristics between the two groups(all P＞0.05).Compared with the pre-construction group,the post-construction group showed significantly shorter times in initial ECG completion[5(3,7)min vs.6(4,8)min],initial ECG diagnosis[3(2,4)min vs.5(2,6)min],first medical contact to preliminary diagnosis[10(9,12)min vs.13(11,15)min],network hospital door-in-door-out time[21(19,23)min vs.26(23,30)min],and first medical contact to wire-crossing time[(94.82±11.87)min vs.(107.97±18.39)min](allP＜0.001).The proportion of patients bypassing the emergency department and coronary care unit significantly increased(64.17％vs.32.81％,P＜0.001).The proportion of patients undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention significantly increased(72.73％vs.51.56％,P＜0.001),while the proportions of thrombolytic therapy and non-reperfusion therapy significantly decreased(both P＜0.05).Additionally,in-hospital mortality rate,Killip class≥Ⅱ proportion,incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events,and average length of hospital stay were all significantly reduced(all P＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences among the three county-level chest pain centers in terms of major treatment efficiency,therapeutic strategies,or clinical outcomes(all P＞0.05).Conclusions The construction of the county-level"Unified ECG Network"can significantly improve the treatment efficiency of STEMI patients,optimize reperfusion therapy strategies,improve clinical outcomes,and demonstrate substantial clinical promotion value.

ObjectiveTo explore host factors interacting with influenza virus nucleoprotein （NP） and study their effects on influenza virus replication， as well as the mechanism of gardenia jasminoides iridoid glycoside （IGE） in inhibiting influenza virus. MethodA yeast two-hybrid system was utilized to screen host factors that interacted with influenza virus NP. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0 （HNRNPD）， glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase 1 （GNPDA1）， poly（rC）-binding protein 1 （PCBP1）， and protein inhibitor of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription （STAT） protein 1 （PIAS1） were validated by immunoprecipitation assay. The effects of PIAS1 and HNRNPD on influenza virus replication were compared by a dual luciferase assay， and the effects of IGE on influenza virus replication were examined in the presence of transfected ribonucleoprotein （RNP） and knockdown of PIAS1. ICR mice were randomly divided into a normal group， model group， oseltamivir phosphate group， and high， medium， and low dose IGE groups， with 10 mice in each group. In addition to the normal group， each group was infected with the influenza A virus FM1 strain by nasal drip to establish a viral pneumonia model. The high， medium， and low dose IGE groups were given drugs of 50， 25， and 12.5 mg∙kg^-1 by gavage， and the oseltamivir phosphate group was given the drug of 27.5 mg∙kg^-1 by gavage. Equal amounts of distilled water were instilled in the normal and model groups for four consecutive days. Later， protein expression of PIAS1， NP， phosphorylated （p）-STAT3， STAT3， p-STAT1， and STAT1 were detected in the lung tissue by Western blot. ResultIn yeast two-hybrid assays， 16 potential host targets interacting with influenza virus NP were identified. Immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that HNRNPD and PIAS1 could interact with influenza virus NP. The dual luciferase reporter assays found that both PIAS1 knockdown and overexpression significantly affected IAV RNP activity （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the effect of HNRNPD on IAV RNP was not significant. Both high and low dose IGE groups reduced influenza virus replication （P<0.05） and reversed the increase in influenza virus replication caused by the knockdown of PIAS1（P<0.05， P<0.01）. The expressions of PIAS1， NP， p-STAT3， p-STAT1， and STAT1 in the lung tissue of infected mice were reduced to different degrees in each IGE group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionPIAS1 interacts with influenza virus NP and is able to inhibit influenza virus replication. IGE may exert antiviral effects by inhibiting the activity of IAV RNP through the PIAS1/STAT1 pathway.