Traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome (TSOFS) is a symptom complex caused by nerve entrapment in the supraorbital fissure after skull base trauma. If the compressed cranial nerve in the supraorbital fissure is not decompressed surgically, ptosis, diplopia and eye movement disorder may exist for a long time and seriously affect the patients′ quality of life. Since its overall incidence is not high, it is not familiarized with the majority of neurosurgeons and some TSOFS may be complicated with skull base vascular injury. If the supraorbital fissure surgery is performed without treatment of vascular injury, it may cause massive hemorrhage, and disability and even life-threatening in severe cases. At present, there is no consensus or guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS that can be referred to both domestically and internationally. To improve the understanding of TSOFS among clinical physicians and establish standardized diagnosis and treatment plans, the Skull Base Trauma Group of the Neurorepair Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Neurosurgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Traumatology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome ( version 2024) based on evidence of evidence-based medicine and clinical experience of diagnosis and treatment. This consensus puts forward 12 recommendations on the diagnosis, classification, treatment, efficacy evaluation and follow-up of TSOFS, aiming to provide references for neurosurgeons from hospitals of all levels to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS.

Objective To study the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution and pathogenic factors in patients with ankylosing spondylitis(AS).Methods One hundred patients of AS and their family members who had medical consultation in the Fifth Hospital of Xi'an(i.e.,Shaanxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine)in August 2019 and September 2020 were selected as the study subjects.The guidelines of Classification and Determination of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution issued by the China Association of Chinese Medicine were adopted to determine the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution types of the study subjects.The sociodemographic information,living habits,clinical symptoms,and TCM constitution types of the AS patients and their family members were collected by means of questionnaires and clinical investigations,and then the pathogenic factors of the patients with AS were investigated.The binomial Logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between TCM constitution types and pathogenic factors in patients with AS.Results(1)Among the 100 AS patients,the majority of them had the biased constitutions,and the biased constitutions with the occurrence frequency in descending order were yang deficiency constitution,qi deficiency constitution,and damp-heat constitution,which accounted for 33.00%,14.00%,and 18.00%,respectively.(2)The prevalence rates of AS in the first-,second-,and third-degree relatives of AS patients were 56.25%,40.00%and 25.00%,respectively.For the positive rates of human leukocyte antigen B27(HLA-B27)in AS patients and their family members,HLA-B27 in AS patients was all positive,while the positive rates of HLA-B27 in the first-,second-,and third-degree relatives of AS patients were 44.31%,30.67%and 15.63%,respectively.(3)The results of regression analysis showed that the disease duration of AS patients was significantly correlated with qi deficiency constitution,the grading of sacroiliac arthritis was correlated with qi stagnation constitution,and age was correlated with blood stasis constitution(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The results indicated that disease duration and age were the important factors affecting the constitution types of AS patients,and disease duration was closely related to qi deficiency while age was closely related to blood stasis.Conclusion AS is a highly hereditary autoimmune disease,and its onset is associated with HLA-B27.Yang deficiency is the basic constitution type of AS,and damp-heat constitution is the main constitution type in the progression of AS(especially in the active stage of the disease).The prolongation of the disease will exacerbate the illness condition of AS and then the manifestations of qi deficiency will be more obvious.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of surgical navigation system for the foreign bodies removal from deep space of oral,maxillofacial and cervical regions.Methods The data of 64 patients with foreign body removal treated in the department of stomatology of this hospital during 2014-2021 were retrospectively analyzed,in which the control group (n=52) received the traditional surgical treatment for foreign body removal,and the observation group (n=12) received surgical navigation system guided foreign body removal from deep space of oral,maxillofacial and cervical regions.The surgery-related indexes and oc-currence situation of complications were compared between the two groups.Results The constituent ratio of males in the two groups was higher than that of females,the foreign bodies were common in oral and maxillo-facial regions,which was dominated by nonmetal foreign bodies.The foreign bodies in the observation group all were successfully removed,which in 96.15％ of patients in the control group were successfully removed. Compared with the control group,the volumes of intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage in the observation group were decreased (P<0.05),the operation time and hospitalization duration were decreased,the operation incision length was shortened,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The incidence rate of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (0 vs. 32.69％,P<0.05).Conclusion The use of surgical navigation system guidance for foreign body re-moval from deep space of oral,maxillofacial and cervical regions could precisely locate the position of the for-eign body,help to shorten the operation time,decrease the wound length,improve the prognosis of the pa-tients.

Femoral neck fracture (FNF) in the elderly patients is currently a major health challenge worldwide, with excessive consumption of medical resources, high incidence of complications as well as suboptimal outcome and prognosis. Hip joint arthroplasty (HJA) has been the mainstream treatment for FNF in the elderly, but the conventional surgical approaches and techniques are still confronted with a series of bottlenecks such as dislocation, limp and limb length discrepancy. In recent years, direct anterior approach (DAA) for HJA (DAA-HJA) has been a major new choice in the field of joint replacement, which achieves improved clinical effectiveness of HJA in the treatment of elderly FNF, due to the fact that DAA approach involves the neuromuscular interface and accords with the idea of soft tissue retention and enhanced recovery after surgery. However, there is still a lack of unified understanding of standard technique and procedure of DAA-HJA in the treatment of elderly FNF. Therefore, relevant experts from the Hip Joint Group of Chinese Orthopedics Association of Chinese Medical Association, Youth Arthrology Group of Orthopedic Committee of PLA, Orthopedic Committee of Chongqing Medical Association, Branch of Orthopedic Surgeons of Chongqing Medical Doctor Association and Sport Medicine Committee of Chongqing Medical Association were organized to formulate the " Chinese expert consensus on the technical standard of direct anterior hip arthroplasty for elderly femoral neck fracture ( version 2023)" based on evidence-based medicine. This consensus mainly proposed 13 recommendations covering indications, surgical plans, prosthesis selections, surgical techniques and processes, and postoperative management of DAA-HJA in elderly patients with FNF, aiming to promote standardized, systematic and patient-specific diagnosis and treatment to improve the functional prognosis of the patients.

ObjectiveTo observe and analyze the effect of modified Shenling Baizhusan on gastrointestinal dysfunction and protein-energy wasting （PEW） of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis （CAPD） patients with the syndrome of spleen deficiency， blood stasis， and dampness. MethodA total of 66 CAPD patients with the above syndrome were randomized into the observation group and control group， 33 cases in each group. However， 3 cases in each group dropped out， finally leaving 30 cases in each group. Both groups received CAPD and conventional symptomatic treatment. On this basis， the observation group was given modified Shenling Baizhusan （1 bag/day， once in the morning and again in the evening， 12 weeks）， and the control group the bifidobacterium capsules （1.05 g/time， twice/day， 12 weeks）. Before and after treatment， the traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome score， gastrointestinal symptom rating scale （GSRS） score， and malnutrition-inflammation score （MIS） in two groups were recorded， and the levels of serum albumin （ALB）， prealbumin （PA）， transferrin （TRF）， gastrin-17 （G-17）， tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-α）， interferon-γ （IFN-γ）， and interleukin-10 （IL-10） were detected. Moreover， body mass index （BMI） was calculated. ResultAfter treatment， the alleviation of the TCM syndrome in the observation group was better than that in the control group （Z=-2.591， P<0.05）， and the TCM syndrome score in the observation group was lower than that in the control （P<0.05）. The symptom scores， MIS， and G-17 of the observation group were significantly decreased compared with those before observation and in the control group （P<0.05）. After treatment， the GSRS scores of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment （P<0.05）， particularly the observation group （P<0.05）. ALB， PA， TRF， and BMI of the observation group after treatment were increased compared with those before treatment and those of the control group after treatment （P<0.05）. After treatment， serum TNF-α and IFN-γ of the two groups were significantly reduced compared with those before treatment （P<0.05）， and the levels of the two in the observation group were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group （P<0.05）. After treatment， IL-10 level of the observation group was higher than that before treatment and in the control group （P<0.05）. ConclusionThe modified Shenling Baizhusan can relieve the gastrointestinal dysfunction and PEW in CAPD patients with the syndrome of spleen deficiency， blood stasis， and dampness.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether skin tests are suitable to predict the allergy reactions induced by Chinese herbal injections (CHIs). METHODS: The skin tests including skin prick tests (SPT), intradermal tests (IDT) and provocation tests including subcutaneous tests and intravenous tests were administered to 249 healthy subjects and 180 allergic patients for 3 CHIs, including ginkgolide injection, diterpene ginkgolide meglumine injection and Salvianolate lyophilized injection. The results of the provocation tests were used as the "gold standard" to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the skin tests. RESULTS: The results did not show any significant differences between the healthy and allergy groups in both skin tests and provocation tests (P>0.05). The specificities of SPT and IDT were 0.976 and 0.797, respectively, and the sensitivities of both SPT and IDT were 0. CONCLUSION Skin tests are insufficient to predict the likelihood of allergic reactions resulting from CHIs. (ChiCTR-CPC-15006921).
China ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Intradermal Tests ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Skin Tests

A determination method for bilirubin in cultured cow-bezoar was developed in this study, with which the bilirubin in 15 batches of samples was quantified. The samples were first processed with 10% oxalic acid solution for the conversion of bilirubin from conjugated to unconjugated, followed by the extraction with dichloromethane. Then the obtained sample solutions were analyzed at 450 nm by HPLC[chromatographic column: Agilent TC-C_(18)(4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm); mobile phase: acetonitrile and 1% glacial acetic acid aqueous solution(95∶5); flow rate: 1.0 mL·min~(-1)]. The bilirubin content in the 15 batches of cultured cow-bezoar was ranged from 21.9% to 41.7% with the average of 32.4%. The proposed method is accurate and reliable, thus making it suitable for the quantitation of bilirubin in cultured cow-bezoar and its quality assessment and control.
Animals ; Bezoars ; Bilirubin ; Cattle ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Female

Objective:To investigate the inhibitory effects and mechanism of Reyanning mixture （RYN） combined with linezolid （LNZ） against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA） and its biofilm. Method:The minimum inhibitory concentrations （MICs） of RYN and LNZ against MRSA were determined by microdilution assay. The microplate method was used to detect the changes in viable count before and after MRSA administration at four time points （0， 6， 12， 24 h） in the process of biofilm growth. The morphological changes of MRSA after 24 h were observed by scanning electron microscope. Metabonomic technique was applied to analyze the changes in terminal metabolites of endogenous small molecules from MRSA treated by the two drugs at four time points. Result:The MICs of RYN and LNZ were 1/2 of the stock solution concentration and 4 mg·L^-1， respectively. The inhibitory effect of LNZ （2 mg·L^-1） against viable bacteria at 0 h was better than that of 1/16 RYN. At 6， 12， 24 h， 1/16 RYN was superior to LNZ in inhibiting MRSA. The inhibitory effects of RYN combined with LNZ were better than those of RYN or LNZ alone at the four time points. RYN combined with LNZ caused more severe damages to the morphological structure of MRSA biofilm at 24 h than RYN or LNZ alone. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate （cAMP）， adenosine diphosphate （ADP）-D-ribose and 2-methylbutanoyl-coenzyme A （2M-CoA）， as the metabolites related to biofilm formation， were immune to LNZ， but 2M-CoA and ADP-D-ribose were influenced by RYN at 12 h and 24 h. The combined use of RYN and LNZ interfered with the three metabolites at 24 h. L-tryptophan， phenylpyruvic acid， cytidine and sebacic acid were the pharmacometabolic markers of LNZ， and the related biological pathways were phenylalanine， tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism. Four metabolites such as L-histidine， uric acid， and L-lysine were the pharmacometabolic markers of RYN， with phenylalanine metabolism and aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid （tRNA） biosynthesis confirmed as the related biological pathways. Nine metabolites such as L-tryptophan， L-lysine， and sphingosine-1-phosphate were responsible for the efficacy of RYN combined with LNZ. The related biological pathways involved aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis， phenylalanine， tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis， novobiocin biosynthesis， and tyrosine metabolism. Conclusion:RYN combined with LNZ better exerts the inhibitory effects against MRSA at each time point of its biofilm formation， which is attributed to cAMP metabolism. The synergistic effect resulted from aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and phenylalanine， tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis. RYN combined with LNZ can serve as a potentially effective solution to MRSA infection.

In this study, 10 batches of samples of cultured Bovis Calculus(cow-bezoar) were determined for the investigation of chemical profile of bile acids with the UPLC-QDA method established. The results showed that nine common bile acids, cholic acid(CA), deoxycholic acid(DCA), chenodeoxycholic acid(CDCA), taurocholic acid(TCA), taurodeoxycholic acid(TDCA), taurochenodeoxycholic acid(TCDCA), glycocholic acid(GCA), glycodeoxycholic acid(GDCA) and glycochenodeoxycholic acid(GCDCA), were founded in samples and 7 bile acids were quantified except GDCA and GCDCA. In these samples, unconjugated bile acids, the major type of bile acids, accounted for more than 97% of all types of bile acids. As for unconjugated bile acids, CA was the most major bile acid in cultured cow-bezoar and it was about twice as much as DCA. The relative low-cost method established in the current study is accurate, rapid and sensitive, which is suitable for the studies of other drugs from animal bile.
Animals ; Bile ; Bile Acids and Salts ; Calculi ; Cattle ; Female

A sensing system based on AuNP-AuNP-UCNP triple structure for efficient detection of dual targets was constructed. In the preparation of triple structure, the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and upconversion nanoparticles (NaYF4: Yb, Er, Gd, UCNPs) were synthesized and surface modified. Then the two nanoparticles and their aptamers were connected to form two kinds of optical fluorescent probes. A nucleic acid sequence that matches with two aptamers was designed, rendering the probes to get close based on the principle of complementary base pairing. On the basis of this, a sensing system with a triple structure was prepared,and its connecting effect was characterized by TEM. With this system, dual targets of bisphenol A and estradiol were efficiently and conveniently detected through quantitative determination by fluorescence and UV spectrophotometer. At reaction temperature of 30℃ and pH=7.8,this method exhibited good linear range for determination of bisphenol A and estradiol from 2 ng/mL to 200 ng/mL and from 10 ng/mL to 150 ng/mL, with limits of detection of 0.2 ng/mL and 0.5 ng/mL, respectively. This sensing system with the triple structure owned better specificity to structural and functional analogues, and showed good repeatability and stability. What's more,this sensing system was applied in actual water detection,with the recoveries between 86.1% and 107. 4%, and the relative standard deviation below 6. 8%. This method showed promising applications in other environmental estrogens in water samples.