Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) poses a significant risk of neural damage during pregnancy. As the most prevalent intrauterine infectious agent in low- and middle-income countries, HCMV disrupts the development of neural stem cells, leading to fetal malformations and abnormal structural and physiological functions in the fetal brain. This review summarizes the current understanding of how HCMV infection dysregulates the Wnt signaling pathway to induce fetal malformations and discusses current management strategies.
Humans ; Cytomegalovirus Infections/virology* ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Cytomegalovirus/physiology* ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology* ; Congenital Abnormalities/virology* ; Animals

Abstract In recent years, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents has risen rapidly, posing a serious threat to their physical and mental health. To provide scientific, systematic, and standardized weight management guidance for overweight and obese children and adolescents, the study focuses on the core concept of healthy lifestyle intervention, integrates multidisciplinary expert opinions and research findings,and proposes a comprehensive multidisciplinary intervention framework covering scientific exercise intervention, precise nutrition and diet, optimized sleep management, and standardized psychological support. It calls for the establishment of a multi agent collaborative management mechanism led by the government, implemented by families, fostered by schools, initiated by individuals, optimized by communities, reinforced by healthcare, and coordinated by multiple stakeholders. Emphasizing a child and adolescent centered approach, the consensus advocates for comprehensive, multi level, and personalized guidance strategies to promote the internalization and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle. It serves as a reference and provides recommendations for the effective prevention and control of overweight and obesity, and enhancing the health level of children and adolescents.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of surgical navigation system for the foreign bodies removal from deep space of oral,maxillofacial and cervical regions.Methods The data of 64 patients with foreign body removal treated in the department of stomatology of this hospital during 2014-2021 were retrospectively analyzed,in which the control group (n=52) received the traditional surgical treatment for foreign body removal,and the observation group (n=12) received surgical navigation system guided foreign body removal from deep space of oral,maxillofacial and cervical regions.The surgery-related indexes and oc-currence situation of complications were compared between the two groups.Results The constituent ratio of males in the two groups was higher than that of females,the foreign bodies were common in oral and maxillo-facial regions,which was dominated by nonmetal foreign bodies.The foreign bodies in the observation group all were successfully removed,which in 96.15％ of patients in the control group were successfully removed. Compared with the control group,the volumes of intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage in the observation group were decreased (P<0.05),the operation time and hospitalization duration were decreased,the operation incision length was shortened,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The incidence rate of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (0 vs. 32.69％,P<0.05).Conclusion The use of surgical navigation system guidance for foreign body re-moval from deep space of oral,maxillofacial and cervical regions could precisely locate the position of the for-eign body,help to shorten the operation time,decrease the wound length,improve the prognosis of the pa-tients.

The optimal operation room cooling source can be selected to save energy in the whole hospital life cycle ac-cording to special cooling load characteristics of specialized hospital.This paper demonstrates the energy-saving performance of the system of water-cooled and air-cooled dual cooling source based on theoretical analysis.Taking the operation room of Zhongs-han Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University as an example,the energy consumption data is analyzed under different season and different chilled water temperature of the transformed dual cooling source operation room.It is proposed that utilizing central-ized water-cooling system may not be more energy saving than the that of individual air-cooling system during transitional season or winter,and the vertical temperature rise and cold loss of chilled water should be considered as well,providing a reference for the dual cooling source in domestic specialized operation rooms.

Objective To analyze the relationship between fragmented QRS(fQRS)and microalbuminuria(MAU)and serum uric acid(SUA)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods From October 2022 to June 2023,245 T2DM patients diagnosed by The Department of Endocrinology,Jinhua Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine were selected and divided into fQRS group(fQRS,n=111)and T2DM group(n=134)according to ECG results.The general data,biochemical indexes,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDd),left ventricular end-systolic diameter(LVESd),interventricular septum(IVS),left ventricular posterior wall(LVPW),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left atrial diameter(LAd),peak value ratio of mitral orifice blood flow velocity in early and late diastole(E/A)and mitral orifice blood flow velocity in early diastole were compared between the two groups.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between fQRS wave and other indexes in T2DM patients,and Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of fQRS.Results The prevalence rates of UACR,SUA,HbA1c and MAU in fQRS group were higher than in T2DM group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).LVEDd,LAd,E,E/e'and E/A>1.5 in QRS group were higher than in T2DM group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Pearson correlation analysis showed that fQRS wave was positively correlated with smoking history,BMI,HbA1c,UACR,MAU,SUA,LVEDd,LAd,E/A and E/e'(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that MAU was the influencing factor of fQRS wave in T2DM patients.Conclusions The fQRS in ECG in patients with T2DM is associated with MAU and SUA and may be an important evidence of myocardial fibrosis associated with subclinical cardiac diastolic dysfunction.

Objective:To explore the effects of internet-based group cognitive-behavioral therapy(IGCBT)on the depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder(MDD).Methods:Eighty pa-tients with MDD were recruited and randomly divided into IGCBT combined drug therapy group and control group with drug therapy.Blind assessments were performed using the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)three times at baseline,4 weeks after treatment and 8 weeks after treatment,respectively.Results:The effective rates of HAMD and HAMA at the end of the 4th and 8th week,and the effective rates of HAMA at the end of the 8th week were higher in the combined treatment group than those in the control group(Ps＜0.05).The total scores of HAMD and HAMA in the combined treatment group and the control group were lower at the end of the 4th and 8th week than those at baseline(Ps＜0.001).The total scores of HAMD and HAMA were lower in the combined treatment group than those in the control group at the baseline,4 weeks and 8 weeks after treatment(Ps＜0.01).Conclusion:It suggests that intemet-based group cognitive-behavioral therapy combined with antidepressant medication has a better effect on relieving depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with ma-jor depressive disorder than drug therapy alone,and especially has a better effect on improving anxiety symptom.

Traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome (TSOFS) is a symptom complex caused by nerve entrapment in the supraorbital fissure after skull base trauma. If the compressed cranial nerve in the supraorbital fissure is not decompressed surgically, ptosis, diplopia and eye movement disorder may exist for a long time and seriously affect the patients′ quality of life. Since its overall incidence is not high, it is not familiarized with the majority of neurosurgeons and some TSOFS may be complicated with skull base vascular injury. If the supraorbital fissure surgery is performed without treatment of vascular injury, it may cause massive hemorrhage, and disability and even life-threatening in severe cases. At present, there is no consensus or guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS that can be referred to both domestically and internationally. To improve the understanding of TSOFS among clinical physicians and establish standardized diagnosis and treatment plans, the Skull Base Trauma Group of the Neurorepair Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Neurosurgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Traumatology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome ( version 2024) based on evidence of evidence-based medicine and clinical experience of diagnosis and treatment. This consensus puts forward 12 recommendations on the diagnosis, classification, treatment, efficacy evaluation and follow-up of TSOFS, aiming to provide references for neurosurgeons from hospitals of all levels to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS.

The occurrence and development of malignant tumors are closely related to immune checkpoint receptors, and tumor cells can evade immune surveillance by activating the immune checkpoint pathway. T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain(TIGIT) is an inhibitory receptor expressed on lymphocytes, which can inhibit the function of natural killer cells(NK) and T cells through a variety of mechanisms, making tumor cells escape from the surveillance of the immune system. This article made a systematic review on the research progress of the immunosuppressive mechanism of TIGIT, and reviewed the research progress of the immunosuppressive mechanism of TIGIT.

Objective: To evaluate the secondary attack rates of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and the associated factors. Methods: A total of 328 primary cases and 40 146 close contacts of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant routinely detected in local areas of Jiangsu Province from February to April 2022 were selected in this study, and those with positive nucleic acid test results during 7 days of centralized isolation medical observation were defined as secondary cases. The demographic information and clinical characteristics were collected, and the secondary attack rate (SAR) and the associated factors were analyzed by using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: A total of 1 285 secondary cases of close contacts were reported from 328 primary cases, with a SAR of 3.2% (95%CI: 3.0%-3.4%). Among the 328 primary cases, males accounted for 61.9% (203 cases), with the median age (Q₁, Q₃) of 38.5 (27, 51) years old. Among the 1 285 secondary cases, males accounted for 59.1% (759 cases), with the median age (Q₁, Q₃) of 34 (17, 52) years old. The multivariate logistic regression model showed that the higher SAR was observed in the primary male cases (OR=1.632, 95%CI: 1.418-1.877), younger than 20 years old (OR=1.766, 95%CI: 1.506-2.072),≥60 years old (OR=1.869, 95%CI: 1.476-2.365), infected with the BA.2 strain branch (OR=2.906, 95%CI: 2.388-3.537), the confirmed common cases (OR=2.572, 95%CI: 2.036-3.249), and confirmed mild cases (OR=1.717, 95%CI: 1.486-1.985). Meanwhile, the higher SAR was observed in the close contacts younger than 20 years old (OR=2.604, 95%CI: 2.250-3.015),≥60 years old (OR=1.287, 95%CI: 1.052-1.573) and exposure for co-residence (OR=27.854, 95%CI: 23.470-33.057). Conclusion: The sex and age of the primary case of the Omicron variant, the branch of the infected strain, case severity of the primary case, as well as the age and contact mode of close contacts are the associated factors of SAR.
Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Adult ; COVID-19/epidemiology* ; Incidence ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Logistic Models

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of multiple serological methods in the identification of complex antibodies. METHODS: The blood group antigens were detected by saline and microcolumn agglutination methods. The saline method was used to screen and identify IgM-type antibodies in the patient's serum, while the polybrene, anti-globulin, microcolumn agglutination, enzymic and absorption-elution methods were used to screen and identify IgG-type antibodies. RESULTS: The patient was B/CCDee/Jk(a-b+)/Fy(a-b+) blood type. The serum reacted with panel cells, and the reaction presented anti-E pattern in the saline medium. It was fully positive in the microcolumn agglutination card, except 2 negative ones after using papain to treat the panel cells. Referring to the pattern table, it was concluded that there existed anti-c, anti-E, and anti-Jk^a antibodies, and one antibody corresponding to an antigen that was easily destroyed by papain. The red blood cells with specific phenotype were selected for absorption-elution to identify IgG-type anti-c, anti-E, anti-Jk^a and anti-Fy^a antibodies. CONCLUSION It is confirmed that IgM-type anti-E, and IgG-type anti-c, anti-E, anti-Jk^a and anti-Fy^a antibodies exist in the patient's serum by multiple serological methods.
Humans ; Papain ; Blood Group Antigens ; Erythrocytes ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M