arcopenia is a systemic skeletal muscle disorder characterized by a decrease in skeletal muscle mass and progressive decline in function， with multiple signaling pathways involved in its occurrence and development. Among them， the AMP-activated protein kinase （AMPK） signaling pathway， as a key pathway regulating cellular energy homeostasis， plays an important role in the regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism and functional maintenance by improving abnormalities in glucose and lipid metabolism， balancing skeletal muscle protein synthesis and degradation， improving mitochondrial function， promoting autophagy， and inhibiting inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. This article reviews the research progress on how various traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） monomers， including polyphenols， flavonoids， and terpenoids； various traditional Chinese medicine extracts， such as those from Lycium barbarum ， Asini Corii Colla， and Panax quinquefolium ， and TCM compounds， such as Guiqi zhuangjin decoction， Jianpi qiangji granules， and Qigu capsules， intervene in sarcopenia by regulating the AMPK signaling pathway to promote muscle protein synthesis， inhibit protein degradation， improve mitochondrial function， and alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress. Additionally， their molecular mechanisms are explored. The aim is to deeply elucidate the basis of TCM in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia and to provide theoretical support for the development of related innovative drugs.

【Objective】 To explore the effect of intraoperative cell salvage on allogeneic blood transfusion requirements, coagulation function and electrolytes in postpartum hemorrhage patients. 【Methods】 A study on postpartum hemorrhage patients undergoing cesarean section in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University form September 2016 to May 2022 was conducted retrospectively. A total of 137 patients were enrolled and divided into experimental group (n=70) and control group (n=67) according to whether intraoperative cell salvage was used during operation. The blood loss, proportion and volume of allogeneic red blood cells (RBCs) and coagulation component transfusion, hemoglobin (Hb) level, coagulation function, electrolyte, the incidence of complications, proportion of ICU admission, ICU stay and in-hospital stay were compared between the two groups. 【Results】 The proportion of patients receiving allogeneic RBCs in the experimental group and in the control group was 31.4% vs 100.0% (P<0.05). The experimental group also had lower use of plasma (31.4% vs 53.7%, P<0.05). The postoperative 24 h of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) in the two groups was longer than preoperative, and APTT in the control group did not recover at discharge (P<0.05). Fibrinogen (Fib) decreased postoperative 24 h in the two groups (P<0.05). The blood calcium in the two groups decreased 30 minutes after operation, but the decrease in the experimental group was slight, and two groups did not recover 24 h after operation (P<0.05). There was no statically significant difference in blood loss, volume of allogeneic RBCs and coagulation component transfusion, Hb level, incidence of complications, the proportion of ICU admission, ICU stay and in-hospital stay (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 This study demonstrated that intraoperative cell salvage could reduce the requirement for allogeneic RBCs without compromising coagulation function in postpartum hemorrhage patients undergoing cesarean section, but the changes of calcium need to be concerned after transfusion.

Objective: To understand the impact of screen time on duration and quality of sleep, so as to provide scientific basis for the development of interventions. Methods: A total of 3 584 preschool children in Haikou City were selected by stratified sampling method from March to June in 2022, and the Children s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and self designed questionnaire were used. Results: The average sleep duration of preschool children was (10.41±0.98)h/d, the rate of sleep deprivation was 28.71 %, and the report rate of sleep problems was 50.47%. The average sleep duration in general as well as on weekdays and weekends decreased by age ( F=21.00, 29.53, 3.26, P ＜0.05), and insufficient sleep duration rate significantly varied by age groups ( χ 2=29.85, P ＜ 0.01 ). The average screen time was (1.15±0.37)h/d, and the screen exposure rate was 55.39%. The total sleep problems ( 52.14 %), poor bedtime habits (43.02%), daytime sleepiness (67.10%), irregular sleep duration (53.05%), and abnormal sleep latency ( 24.99 %) were all higher than those in the non exposed group (48.41%, 39.59%, 63.29%, 48.91%, 19.57 %) ( χ 2= 4.94 , 4.31, 5.69 , 6.08, 14.85, P <0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age and weekend average screen time were negatively associated with sleep duration ( β =-0.01, -0.06), weekday and weekend average outdoor activity duration were positively correlated with sleep duration ( β =0.08, 0.08) ( P <0.05). Conclusion Screen exposure to preschool children s sleep time,sleep quality was closely related. Parents should cultivate good sleep habits of preschool children, and limit children s screen time to maximize outdoor activities, so as to ensure healthy development of children.

Objective: To explore current status of sleep disturbances and its influencing factors in preschool children in Haikou city, and to provide a reference for improving chidlren sleeping quality by taking effective measures. Methods: Layered random cluster sampling method was used to select 1 200 preschool children from kindergartens in Haikou city in 2018. Sleep status questionnaire was used to investigate children’s sleep disorders and analyze the influencing factors. Results: The detection rate of sleep disturbances was 50.00%, the rates in each group were 50.90% for boys, 48.87% for girls(χ2=0.49, P>0.05), and 48.45% for 3 years old group, 50.33% for 4 years old group, 50.55% for 5 years old group, and 49.55% for 6 years old group(χ2=0.24, P=0.97). The total daily sleep time of children was(10.53±1.05)h, and the duration of continuous sleep at night was(8.69±0.78)h, the length of sleep during the day was(1.84±0.67)h, sleep time decreased with the increase of age(F=7.52, 3.04, 7.88, P<0.05). The univariateand multivariate Logistic regression showed that, asthma(OR=2.65), frequent cold(OR=1.67), carpet at home(OR=1.40), poor appetite(OR=1.18), changing caregivers(OR=1.25), inconsistent rearing ideas(OR=1.42), parents falling asleep late (OR=1.39) and mothers with sleep problems (OR=1.73) were the risk factors for sleep problems, children and parents sleeping separately(OR=0.75), children’s sleeping rule (OR=0.32) were the protection factors(P<0.05). Conclusion It is necessary to do a good job in the sleep management of preschool children and reduce the detection rate of sleep problems from many aspects, such as family rearing environment, health knowledge of caregivers, parents undefined sleep habits, children undefined sleeping style and so on.

Objective To investigate the functional changes of anastomosed vascular or neurovascular mini-muscle transfer and to provide experimental data to clinical application. Methods 32 New Zealand rabbits were operated on by anastomosed neurovascular mini-muscle transfer. In group A, 16 rabbits accepted the anastomosed vascular mini-muscle transfer. In group B, 16 rabbits accepted the anastomosed neurovascular mini-muscle transfer. The electromyography was measured 2 months and 3 months after operation. Results The amplitude of electrical muscle graph (EMG) data in the group A was (2.02±0.41)mV 2 months after operation, and (1.73±0.18) mV 3 months after operation. The EMG data in the group B was (3.90±0.52) mV 2 months after operation and (3.35±0.86) mV 3months after opera-tion. The difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.01). The EMG of anastomosed neu-rovasular mini-muscle transfer was significantly greater than that of anastomosed vasular transfer only.There was no significant difference in latent period of EMG between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclu-sions The muscle functional recovery of anastomosed neurovascular mini-muscle transfer is significant with less demage and no secondary deformity. The results suggest that this technique is worthy to apply for treating facial paralysis.