ObjectiveTo explore the effect and mechanism of tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-α）-regulated circular RNA Williams Beuren syndrome chromosomal region 22 （circWBSCR22） on the malignant behaviors of cervical cancer cells. MethodsHuman cervical cancer HeLa cells were treated with TNF-α. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction （RT-qPCR） was used to detect the expression level of circWBSCR22. Nuclear-cytoplasmic RNA separation experiments were conducted to determine the localization of circWBSCR22 in cells. Cell migration， invasion， viability， and proliferation were assessed through Transwell assay， tetrazolium salt （MTT） assay， and colony formation assay， respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assays were performed to verify the targeting relationship between microRNA-512-5p （miR-512-5p） and circWBSCR22 or family with sequence similarity 60A （FAM60A）. RT-qPCR was used to detect the RNA levels of miR-512-5p and FAM60A. Western blot was used to detect the protein level of FAM60A. ResultsCompared with the Control group， the expression level of circWBSCR22 in HeLa cells treated with TNF-α increased （P<0.05）. About 66% of circWBSCR22 was found in the cytoplasm. Compared with the control group， the migration （P<0.01） and invasion （P<0.01） of HeLa cells transfected with circWBSCR22 were enhanced， but the cell activity and cell proliferation were not significantly affected （P>0.05）. The double luciferase reporter gene assay showed that the relative luciferase activity of the co transfected circWBSCR22-WT and miR-512-5p groups was lower than that of the co transfected circWBSCR22-WT and miR-NC groups （P<0.01）. Compared with the control group， the expression level of miR-512-5p in HeLa cells transfected with circWBSCR22 decreased （P<0.01）. Compared with the control group， the migration （P<0.01） and invasion （P<0.05） ability of HeLa cells transfected with miR-512-5p decreased. Double luciferase reporter gene assay showed that compared with the co transfected FAM60A 3´-UTR-WT and miR-NC groups， the fluorescence activity of the co transfected FAM60A 3´-UTR-WT and miR-512-5p groups decreased （P<0.01）.Compared with the control group， the expression levels of FAM60A mRNA （P<0.05） and protein （P<0.01） in HeLa cells transfected with miR-512-5p decreased. Compared with the control group， the migration （P<0.01） and invasion （P<0.01） of cervical cancer HeLa cells transfected with FAM60A were enhanced. Compared with the control group， the expression levels of FAM60A mRNA （P<0.01） and protein （P<0.05） in the cells transfected with circWBSCR22 increased. The results of rescue experiment showed that compared with the pcDNA+miR-NC group， the expression levels of FAM60A RNA （P<0.01） and protein （P<0.001） in the pcDNA+miR-512-5p group decreased， and the ability of migration （P<0.01） and invasion （P<0.05） decreased； Compared with pcDNA+miR-512-5p group， the expression levels of FAM60A RNA （P<0.01） and protein （P<0.001） in circWBSCR22+miR-512-5p group increased， and the ability of migration （P<0.01） and invasion （P<0.05） was enhanced. ConclusionTNF-α promotes the migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells through the circWBSCR22/miR-512-5p/FAM60A regulatory axis.

Objective To investigate the role and underlying mechanism of C1q-like protein 4 (C1ql4) in regulating the characteristics of breast cancer stem cells. Methods qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of C1ql4 in breast cancer and normal breast epithelial cell lines, as well as to verify the transfection efficiency of C1ql4. Western blot analysis was employed to examine the phosphorylation levels of AKT, IKK, and IκB in different groups. An AKT activator was added to MDA-MB-231 cells with C1ql4 knockdown, whereas inhibitors targeting AKT, IKK, IκB, and NF-κB nuclear translocation were separately introduced to C1ql4-overexpressing MCF-7 cells. The nuclear translocation of NF-κB, expression levels of the target genes TNF-α and IL-1β, formation ability of tumorspheres, and proportion of CD44⁺/CD24^−/low stem-like subgroups were analyzed. Results C1ql4 expression in breast cancer cell lines was significantly upregulated compared with that in normal breast epithelial cells. Western blot analysis showed that p-AKT/AKT, p-IKK/IKK, and p-IκB/IκB ratios markedly reduced in C1ql4-knockdown MDA-MB-231 cells (all P<0.05) but significantly increased in C1ql4-overexpressing MCF-7 cells (all P<0.05). Rescue experiments demonstrated that the addition of an AKT activator to C1ql4-knockdown MDA-MB-231 cells resulted in the enhanced nuclear translocation of NF-κB, the increased nuclear/cytoplasmic NF-κB ratios, the elevated TNF-α and IL-1β expression levels, and significant recovery of tumorsphere formation ability and the proportion of CD44⁺/CD24^−/low stem-like subpopulations (all P<0.05). Conversely, in C1ql4-overexpressing MCF-7 cells, treatment with AKT, IKK, IκB, or NF-κB nuclear translocation inhibitors led to a reduction in NF-κB nuclear translocation, decreased nuclear/cytoplasmic NF-κB ratios, and declines in TNF-α and IL-1β expression levels, tumorsphere formation ability, and the CD44⁺/CD24^−/low subpopulation (all P<0.05). Conclusion C1ql4 promotes the translocation of NF-κB from the cytoplasm to the nucleus through the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway and enhances the expression of stemness in breast cancer cells.

To verify whether chaperones can promote the soluble expression of PlpE in Escherichia coli and whether the expressed protein is active,prokaryotic expression and Western blot detection were performed.The results showed that:The PlpE prokaryotic expression vector pET-32a(+)-plpE was expressed as inclusion body,and the expression form was not changed by changing the concentration of inducer,induction time and temperature.The companion proteins pG-KJE8,pGro7,pKJE7 and pG-Tf2 were co-expressed with pET-32a(+)-plpE in Eschierichia coli expres-sion system,respectively.When the final concentration of IPTG of 0.5 mmol/L,L-arabinose of 0.5 g/L or tetracycline of 5.0 μg/L were added as inducers and induced at 37 ℃ for 8 h,the results showed that the molecular companion pGro7 could change the expression of rp-PlpE from inclu-sion body to soluble expression.pG-KJE8,pKJE7 and pG-Tf2 had no effect on the expression of rp-PlpE.The soluble rp-PlpE can react specifically with the positive serum of Mannheimia haemolyti-ca.Therefore,the study showed that the co-expression of the chaperone protein pGro7 can make the rp-PlpE protein express in a soluble form,and the purified protein exhibits reactogenicity.These findings lay the foundation for the establishment of a subunit vaccine and serological diagno-sis methods for Mannheimia haemolytica.

Background The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is a vast area with a wide array of ecological environments, resulting in considerable regional variations in air pollution characteristics. Current research is limited by a scarcity of systematic, region-wide studies and risk assessments. Objective To assess the health risks associated with inhalation exposure to nine heavy metal and metalloid elements in atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) for the population of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Methods From the 10th to the 16th of each month throughout 2023, atmospheric PM_2.5 samples were collected at designated monitoring sites in 12 leagues (cities) across the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to analyze the characteristics and trends in concentration. The health risk assessment model developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency was employed to evaluate both the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks associated with the heavy metal elements beryllium (Be), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), hydrargyrum (Hg), plumbum (Pb), manganese (Mn), and nickel (Ni) and the metalloid elements stibium (Sb) and arsenic (As). Results In 2023, a total of 1206 valid PM_2.5 samples were analyzed from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The annual average PM_2.5 concentrations in Inner Mongolia, as well as in the cities of Ordos, Wuhai, and the Alxa League, all exceeded the national limit of 35 μg·m⁻³. The PM_2.5 concentrations across the leagues (cities) exhibited a clear seasonal variation, peaking in winter, followed by spring, and reaching a minimum in summer and autumn. The median PM_2.5 concentration in Ordos throughout the year was higher than that in the other leagues (cities) of the region. Concerning health risks, the non-carcinogenic risks associated with the 9 elements detected in each league (city) were all below 1, indicating acceptable levels. However, the non-carcinogenic risk values for Mn, Cr, and As were relatively high; specifically, Ordos City displayed the highest non-carcinogenic risk values for Mn (7.74×10⁻¹) and Cr (2.97×10⁻²), while Chifeng City recorded the highest value for As (2.34×10⁻³). The carcinogenic risk values for As, Cd, Cr, and Ni fell within the range of 1×10⁻⁹ to 1×10⁻⁵, representing an acceptable level. The health risks varied with age, and the elderly residents faced the highest non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks. Conclusion While the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks from heavy metals and metalloids within atmospheric PM_2.5 in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region are generally within acceptable limits, the potential risks that Mn, As, and Cr pose to the health of elderly people warrants particular attention, and Ordos and Chifeng cities exhibit notably higher health risks among other areas. It is recommended that regular, long-term monitoring be conducted, taking into account the specific conditions at monitoring sites across each league (city), and that targeted air quality management strategies be implemented to protect public health.

Objective:To evaluate the perioperative application effect of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) clinical pathway in percutaneous vertebro plasty (PVP).Methods:The clinical data of 274 patients who underwent PVP treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from May 2023 to August 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to the different numbers of surgical segments: the single-segment group ( n=211) and the multisegment group ( n=63). Patients in the single-segment group underwent single-segment surgery, while patients in the multisegment group underwent surgery on ≥2 segments. The core points of the ERAS clinical pathway adopted in this study include perioperative education, pain management, early mobilization, application of "outfast", and joint guidance from the departments of nutrition and rehabilitation. Comparison was made between the two groups of patients in terms of visual analog scale (VAS) scores for low back pain at preoperative, 2 h, 6 h, 24 h postoperatively, and on the day of discharge; Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores preoperatively and on the day of discharge; time to first ambulation postoperatively, total length of hospital stay, postoperative length of stay, perioperative complications, and perioperative application of Opioid consumption. Measurement data were expressed as mean±standard deviation ( ± s), and the independent sample t-test was used for comparison between groups; count data were expressed as cases and percentage, and the Chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. The VAS pain scores at each stage of the perioperative period were evaluated using repeated measures analysis of variance or generalized estimating equations. Results:Compared with that before the operation [(6.17±0.93) points, (6.29±0.83) points], the VAS scores of low back pain of patients in the single-segment group and the multisegment group at 2 hours after surgery [(3.09±0.82) points, (3.27±0.65) points], 6 hours after surgery [(2.60±0.79) points, (2.62±0.55) points], and 24 hours after surgery [(1.89±0.77) points, (1.97±0.72) points] and on the day of discharge [(1.72±0.71) points, (1.81±0.64) points] were significantly decreased, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). At the same stage, the VAS scores of low back pain in both groups were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). The ODI scores of patients in the single-segment group and the multisegment group on the day of discharge [(24.21±2.35) points, (24.63±3.31) points] were significantly lower than those before the operation [(64.50±4.81) points, (65.52±4.08) points], and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in perioperative complications and the proportion of Opioid drug application between the two groups of patients ( P>0.05). Conclusion:For patients with single-segment or multisegment OVCF, PVP surgical treatment under ERAS clinical pathway management can achieve immediate pain relief, early ambulation exercise, and satisfactory perioperative efficacy.

The control and utilization of microorganisms in space-based animal culture constitute a pivotal challenge underpinning research domains such as space life sciences and extraterrestrial life-support system.This paper systematically examines the origins,transmission routes,and latent risks of microbial contamination in space-based animal culture facilities.A comprehensive analysis is conducted on the advancements in on-orbit implementation of microbial containment strategies,including physical filtration systems,antimicrobial surface coatings,and environmental parameter optimization.Additionally,the study evaluates the prospective applications of probiotic consortia and functionally engineered microorganisms in enhancing animal welfare,stabilizing biosphere conditions,and enabling closed-loop waste recycling.Notably,this work highlights the paradigm shift from reactive microbial suppression to proactive microbiome engineering in space-based animal husbandry,thereby establishing a theoretical framework for sustainable development of space-based animal culture.

With the rapid advancements in pancreatic cancer diagnosis and treatment research,the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)has released two editions of pancreatic cancer diagnosis and treatment guidelines in 2022 and 2024.The present article systematic-ally compares the differences between the two editions in terms of diagnostic stratification,treatment pathways,and supportive manage-ment.By integrating insights from cutting-edge international research,the scientific rationale and clinical value of the underlying guideline revisions are explored.Clinicians are encouraged to adopt the new guidelines to dynamically assess the biological characteristics and treat-ment tolerance of patients,thereby formulating personalized diagnosis and treatment plans that ultimately lead to the synergistic enhance-ment of both survival benefits and quality of life for patients.

Spine fracture and dislocation are common traumatic spinal conditions that often require surgical intervention due to compromised spinal stability. Surgical approaches include anterior, posterior, and combined anterior-posterior spinal procedures. According to the specific surgical requirements, patients may be placed in the prone position or repositioned between prone and supine positions during surgery. Intraoperative repositioning has become an essential step in patient positioning. However, during repositioning, patients with spinal fracture and dislocation are at increased risk for complications such as hemodynamic instability, nerve injury, and pressure injuries to the skin and soft tissue. Notably, due to the instability of the spinal cord, even minor manipulations can further exacerbate the damage, potentially leading to severe outcomes like paraplegia. Although the current clinical guidelines provide instructive recommendations for standard position, there remains no specific protocols for intraoperative repositioning in patients with spine fracture and dislocation. With a concern for the lack of clinical studies on positioning techniques, risk prevention, and operational norms for special patients, no applicable guidelines or standards are available. A consensus was required to provide clinical reference, meet the requirements of surgical treatment, and minimize the safety risks of patients caused by improper placement of positions. Professional Committee of Operating Room Nursing of Shaanxi Nursing Association organized experts in nursing management and operating room nursing from major hospitals across China to formulate Expert consensus on intraoperative repositioning for patients with spinal fracture and dislocation ( version 2025). The consensus provides 11 recommendations covering pre-repositioning preparation, intraoperative maneuvers, and post-repositioning observation, aiming to provide references for clinical standardization of the intraoperative repositioning process and protection of patients′ safety.

Objective To investigate the correlation between skeletal muscle mass index(ASMI)and islet β cell reserve function in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 100 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM were included in this study.All the patients were admitted to the Department of Endocrinology in the First People's Hospital of Yinchuan between June 2022 and November 2023.They were divided into two groups according to their skeletal muscle mass index(ASMI):patients with T2DM accompanied by sarcopenia(Sar,n=50)group,and patients with simple T2DM(T2DM,n=50)group.Additionally,a control(NC)group consisting of 50 healthy participants was selected.Fasting C-peptide levels,liver and kidney function,blood lipid profiles,and other indicators were assessed in all the individuals.The correlation between ASMI and other indicators was analyzed,and the influencing factors for ASMI and T2DM combined with sarcopenia were analyzed respectively.Results The levels of HbA1c,FPG,and TG were higher,while FC-P and Scr levels were lower in the T2DM group and Sar group compared with the NC group(P<0.05).FPG was higher,while ASMI,FC-P,BMI were lower in the Sar group than in the T2DM group(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between ASMI and FPG and HbA1c(P<0.05),whereas a positive correlation was observed with BMI,ALT,Scr,SUA and FC-P(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that BMI,HbA1c and FC-P were influencing factors for ASMI(P<0.05).Furthermore,logistic regression analysis demonstrated that BMI,HbA1c,FC-P were influencing factors for T2DM with sarcopenia(P<0.05).Conclusions The level of ASMI may be related to the reserve function of islet β cells.