Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a gynecological, endocrine condition characterized by ovulatory disorders, clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS has significant metabolic and reproductive implications that affect the quality of life of women. This PCOS guideline summary is based on the Indonesian Reproductive Endocrinology and Fertility Association guidelines for PCOS. This guideline is expected to guide the diagnosis and long-term management of PCOS. Methods: We searched scientific evidence on the Cochrane and PubMed databases using the keyword “polycystic ovary syndrome”. This evidence was reviewed by experts in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and recommendations were made based on scientific evidence while considering patient values, costs, and resources. Results: A total of 127 recommendations and practice points were made regarding the diagnosis and management of PCOS. The levels of available health services and management algorithms for PCOS in Indonesia are also included. Conclusion The first-line treatment for managing hyperandrogenism and menstrual disorders in patients with PCOS is combined oral contraceptives. The first-line treatment for ovulation induction is letrozole, while clomiphene citrate, metformin, gonadotropins, and ovarian surgery serve as the second-line treatment. The third-line treatments included in vitro fertilization, with or without in vitro maturation.

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a gynecological, endocrine condition characterized by ovulatory disorders, clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS has significant metabolic and reproductive implications that affect the quality of life of women. This PCOS guideline summary is based on the Indonesian Reproductive Endocrinology and Fertility Association guidelines for PCOS. This guideline is expected to guide the diagnosis and long-term management of PCOS. Methods: We searched scientific evidence on the Cochrane and PubMed databases using the keyword “polycystic ovary syndrome”. This evidence was reviewed by experts in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and recommendations were made based on scientific evidence while considering patient values, costs, and resources. Results: A total of 127 recommendations and practice points were made regarding the diagnosis and management of PCOS. The levels of available health services and management algorithms for PCOS in Indonesia are also included. Conclusion The first-line treatment for managing hyperandrogenism and menstrual disorders in patients with PCOS is combined oral contraceptives. The first-line treatment for ovulation induction is letrozole, while clomiphene citrate, metformin, gonadotropins, and ovarian surgery serve as the second-line treatment. The third-line treatments included in vitro fertilization, with or without in vitro maturation.

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a gynecological, endocrine condition characterized by ovulatory disorders, clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS has significant metabolic and reproductive implications that affect the quality of life of women. This PCOS guideline summary is based on the Indonesian Reproductive Endocrinology and Fertility Association guidelines for PCOS. This guideline is expected to guide the diagnosis and long-term management of PCOS. Methods: We searched scientific evidence on the Cochrane and PubMed databases using the keyword “polycystic ovary syndrome”. This evidence was reviewed by experts in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and recommendations were made based on scientific evidence while considering patient values, costs, and resources. Results: A total of 127 recommendations and practice points were made regarding the diagnosis and management of PCOS. The levels of available health services and management algorithms for PCOS in Indonesia are also included. Conclusion The first-line treatment for managing hyperandrogenism and menstrual disorders in patients with PCOS is combined oral contraceptives. The first-line treatment for ovulation induction is letrozole, while clomiphene citrate, metformin, gonadotropins, and ovarian surgery serve as the second-line treatment. The third-line treatments included in vitro fertilization, with or without in vitro maturation.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly heterogeneous tumor, and molecular profiling serves as the foundation for personalized treatment of ICC. Accurate detection methods are clinically significant for comprehensively screening patients suitable for targeted therapies. This consensus is based on clinical practice data from both domestic and international sources, tailored to the Chinese context, and focuses on key targets for ICC. We present 15 recommendations aimed at guiding the precision detection of ICC.

Intraoperative cell salvage (IOCS) has been widely applied as an important blood conservation measure in surgical operations. However, there is currently a lack of clinical practice guidelines for the implementation of IOCS in patients with malignant tumors. This report aims to provide clinicians with recommendations on the use of IOCS in patients with malignant tumors based on the review and assessment of the existed evidence. Data were derived from databases such as PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and Wanfang. The guideline development team formulated recommendations based on the quality of evidence, balance of benefits and harms, patient preferences, and health economic assessments. This study constructed seven major clinical questions. The main conclusions of this guideline are as follows: 1) Compared with no perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion (NPABT), perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion (PABT) leads to a more unfavorable prognosis in cancer patients (Recommended); 2) Compared with the transfusion of allogeneic blood or no transfusion, IOCS does not lead to a more unfavorable prognosis in cancer patients (Recommended); 3) The implementation of IOCS in cancer patients is economically feasible (Recommended); 4) Leukocyte depletion filters (LDF) should be used when implementing IOCS in cancer patients (Strongly Recommended); 5) Irradiation treatment of autologous blood to be reinfused can be used when implementing IOCS in cancer patients (Recommended); 6) A careful assessment of the condition of cancer patients (meeting indications and excluding contraindications) should be conducted before implementing IOCS (Strongly Recommended); 7) Informed consent from cancer patients should be obtained when implementing IOCS, with a thorough pre-assessment of the patient's condition and the likelihood of blood loss, adherence to standardized internally audited management procedures, meeting corresponding conditions, and obtaining corresponding qualifications (Recommended). In brief, current evidence indicates that IOCS can be implemented for some malignant tumor patients who need allogeneic blood transfusion after physician full evaluation, and LDF or irradiation should be used during the implementation process.

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a gynecological, endocrine condition characterized by ovulatory disorders, clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS has significant metabolic and reproductive implications that affect the quality of life of women. This PCOS guideline summary is based on the Indonesian Reproductive Endocrinology and Fertility Association guidelines for PCOS. This guideline is expected to guide the diagnosis and long-term management of PCOS. Methods: We searched scientific evidence on the Cochrane and PubMed databases using the keyword “polycystic ovary syndrome”. This evidence was reviewed by experts in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and recommendations were made based on scientific evidence while considering patient values, costs, and resources. Results: A total of 127 recommendations and practice points were made regarding the diagnosis and management of PCOS. The levels of available health services and management algorithms for PCOS in Indonesia are also included. Conclusion The first-line treatment for managing hyperandrogenism and menstrual disorders in patients with PCOS is combined oral contraceptives. The first-line treatment for ovulation induction is letrozole, while clomiphene citrate, metformin, gonadotropins, and ovarian surgery serve as the second-line treatment. The third-line treatments included in vitro fertilization, with or without in vitro maturation.

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a gynecological, endocrine condition characterized by ovulatory disorders, clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS has significant metabolic and reproductive implications that affect the quality of life of women. This PCOS guideline summary is based on the Indonesian Reproductive Endocrinology and Fertility Association guidelines for PCOS. This guideline is expected to guide the diagnosis and long-term management of PCOS. Methods: We searched scientific evidence on the Cochrane and PubMed databases using the keyword “polycystic ovary syndrome”. This evidence was reviewed by experts in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and recommendations were made based on scientific evidence while considering patient values, costs, and resources. Results: A total of 127 recommendations and practice points were made regarding the diagnosis and management of PCOS. The levels of available health services and management algorithms for PCOS in Indonesia are also included. Conclusion The first-line treatment for managing hyperandrogenism and menstrual disorders in patients with PCOS is combined oral contraceptives. The first-line treatment for ovulation induction is letrozole, while clomiphene citrate, metformin, gonadotropins, and ovarian surgery serve as the second-line treatment. The third-line treatments included in vitro fertilization, with or without in vitro maturation.

OBJECTIVE To provide guidance for the scientific and standardized application of artificial intelligence （AI） technology in supporting pharmaceutical care services， and to promote the high-quality development of pharmaceutical care. METHODS Using keywords such as “artificial intelligence” and “pharmaceutical care”， a comprehensive search was conducted across domestic and international databases and relevant policy documents. Drawing upon practical experience in AI-assisted pharmaceutical care services in China， a consensus framework and preliminary recommendations were drafted. Consensus was defined as agreement by 70% or more of expert panel members. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS Through two rounds of the Delphi method and multiple rounds of discussions， 23 strong recommendations （approval rate ＞90%） were formulated. These address the definition， scope， objectives， multiple application scenarios （including pharmaceutical outpatient， medication reconciliation， medication education， adverse drug event prediction and monitoring， home-based pharmaceutical care services， and drug supply）， ethical considerations and accountability， challenges encountered， and quality control recommendations for AI-assisted pharmaceutical care. Intended for use by professional technical staff engaged in pharmaceutical care， managers， and AI technology developers within healthcare institutions， these recommendations provide guidance for the practice of pharmaceutical care in the era of AI.

OBJECTIVE To standardize the implementation methods for therapeutic drug monitoring （TDM） of meropenem and ensure the accuracy of TDM results， thereby facilitating the scientific development of individualized treatment regimens for meropenem. METHODS The expert consensus was launched by the Society of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Pharmacists of Chinese Pharmacists Association. The compilation team comprised experts in clinical pharmacy， TDM technology， and pharmaceutical administration， and it was developed in accordance with the relevant recommendations from the methodology handbook of WHO and the guidelines for TDM guidelines development. Twelve clinical questions were selected through a three- round Delphi voting process conducted by the committee， followed by a comprehensive review of relevant original articles， systematic reviews， and guidelines through general databases. The GRADE approach was employed to evaluate the quality of evidence so as to formulate the consensus recommendations. The experts’ opinions were organized， revised and finally formed into a consensus. RESULTS Ultimately， the consensus presented 14 recommendations， mainly regarding all aspects of TDM processes including necessity， method， monitor timing， target PK/PD， medication adjustments based on PK/PD， and the quality control of TDM. CONCLUSIONS This consensus provides standardized methods and process suggestions for meropenem TDM in medical institutions in China， and is of great significance for meropenem individualized drug use， improving clinical efficacy， and ensuring drug safety.

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