Blood compatibility is the main restriction of blood-contacting medical devices in clinical application, especially long-term blood-contacting medical devices will stimulate the immune defense mechanism of the host, resulting in thrombosis. Heparin anticoagulant coating links heparin molecules to the surface of medical device product materials, improves the compatibility between the material surface interface and the body, and reduces the host immune defense reactions. This study reviews the structure and biological properties of heparin, the market application status of heparin-coated medical products, the insufficiency and improvement of heparin coating, which can provide a reference for the application research of blood contact medical devices.
Humans ; Heparin/chemistry* ; Anticoagulants/chemistry* ; Thrombosis ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible/chemistry* ; Surface Properties

To study the anti-coagulant effect and influence of danggui Sini decoction (DSD) on rat's plasma endogenous metabolites by animal experiment and ¹H-NMR based metabolomics method. After intragastric administration of Danggui Sini Decoction for 7 days, Plasma thrombin time (TT) was measured. Rat plasma metabolic fingerprint in two groups was analyzed using ¹H-NMR, based on which the principal component analysis( PCA) and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) models for metabonomic analysis. Potential biomarkers were screened by using variable importance in the projection (VIP) and T test. DSD could prolong TT of the rat significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with control group, six kinds of endogenous metabolites in DSD group change significantly (P < 0.05), among which isobutyrate, carnitine and phenylalanine content had an upward trend (P < 0.01) and lysine, Histidine and cholesterol content had a downward trend (P < 0.05). It is likely that carnitine, phenylalanine, Histidine and cholesterol are the potential metabolic markers in the anti-coagulant process and DSD affects the platelet aggregation and the expression of tissue factor and fiber protease by regulating the energy, amino acid and lipid metabolism.
Animals ; Anticoagulants ; chemistry ; Blood Coagulation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Female ; Male ; Metabolomics ; methods ; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; methods ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the anticoagulant and antineoplastic activities of chemically modified low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH).

METHODSLMWH obtained by splitting unfractionated heparin (UFH) with sodium periodate oxidation and sodium borohydride reduction was subjected to acetylation catalyzed by DCC and DMAP to produce acetylated LMWH (ALMWH). The anticoagulant activity of ALMWH was determined in mice, and its antiproliferative and anti-invasion activities was assessed in human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and MFC-7.

RESULTSThe anticoagulant activity of LMWH was decreased significantly after acetylation. The concentrations of commercial LMWH* and ALMWH for doubling the coagulation time (CT) were 33.04 µmol/L and 223.56 µmol/L, respectively, and the IC(50) of ALMWH for doubling CT was 6 times of that of LMWH*. ALMWH and LMWH at 0.1, 0.3, 0.9, 2.7 and 8.1 mmol/L both significantly inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, but ALMWH produced stronger inhibitory effects. The IC(50) of LMWH and ALMWH for inhibiting cell proliferation was 3168.4 µmol/L and 152.6 µmol/L in MCF-7 cells, and 12299.6 µmol/L and 22.2 µmol/L in MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. ALMWH and LMWH all markedly suppressed the invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells with comparable effects.

CONCLUSIONChemical modification of structure can endow LMWH with a low anticoagulant and high antiproliferative activities.

Animals ; Anticoagulants ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Blood Coagulation ; Blood Coagulation Tests ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Heparin ; chemistry ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Mice

In order to enhance the anticoagulant properties of decellularized biological materials as scaffolds for tissue engineering research via heparinized process, the decellularized porcine liver scaffolds were respectively immobilized with heparin through layer-by-layer self-assembly technique (LBL), multi-point attachment (MPA) or end-point attachment (EPA). The effects of heparinization and anticoagulant ability were tested. The results showed that the three different scaffolds had different contents of heparin. All the three kinds of heparinized scaffolds gained better performance of anticoagulant than that of the control scaffold. The thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) of EPA scaffold group were longest in all the groups, and all the three times exceeded the measurement limit of the instrument. In addition, EPA scaffolds group showed the shortest prepared time, the slowest speed for heparin release and the longest recalcification time among all the groups. The decellularized biological materials for tissue engineering acquire the best effect of anticoagulant ability in vitro via EPA heparinized technique.
Animals ; Anticoagulants ; chemistry ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Heparin ; chemistry ; Liver ; Swine ; Tissue Engineering ; Tissue Scaffolds

We herein report the use of endoscopic n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate injections to obliterate a gastric varix, which led to cyanoacrylate embolisation in the splenic and portal veins in a single patient. Cyanoacrylate embolisation is a known but uncommonly reported complication of endoscopic sclerotherapy. This case report illustrates the successful management of this complication (i.e. cyanoacrylate embolisation in the splenic and portal veins) with anticoagulation and analyses the presentation and management of other cases of cyanoacrylate embolisation reported in the literature.
Aged ; Anticoagulants ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Blood Pressure ; Cyanoacrylates ; chemistry ; Embolism ; chemically induced ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Injections ; Male ; Portal Vein ; pathology ; Sclerotherapy ; Splenic Vein ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography, Doppler

The fine structure of enoxaparin sodium samples with different degree of 1,6-anhydro derivatives were analyzed with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, high performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A further study of anticoagulation activity of enoxaparins was performed, including those on their inhibition activities of coagulation factor Xa (FXa) and thrombin (FIIa). The results showed that the anti-FXa and -FIIa activities of enoxaparins with different degree of 1,6-anhydro derivatives (20.0%-39.7%) with similar structure characteristics, had decreasing tendency when the degree of 1,6-anhydro derivatives increased. Especially, the anti-FXa activity was sensitive to the change of the degree of 1,6-anhydro derivatives.
Anticoagulants ; chemistry ; Enoxaparin ; chemistry ; Factor Xa Inhibitors ; chemistry ; Thrombin ; antagonists & inhibitors

SHG was sulfated by chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine method, and six samples which we got were prepared in different reaction conditions. There is a characteristic absorption peak near 260 nm in UV spectra and there are two characteristic absorption peaks near 1240 cm(-1) and 810 cm(-1) in the FT-IR. Degree of sulfation (DS) was calculated by elemental analysis and turbidimetry. Under the same conditions the absorption peaks become strong with the DS increase. The anticoagulant activity of SHG and sulfated modification samples was evaluated by the classic coagulant assays of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thrombin time (APTT) live enzymes, and plasma thrombin time (TT). Results show that sulfated SHG has a good anticoagulant activity in vitro, and DS increased activity within a certain range.
Animals ; Anticoagulants ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Blood Coagulation Tests ; Fabaceae ; chemistry ; Glucans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Prothrombin Time ; Rabbits ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Sulfonic Acids ; chemistry ; Thrombin Time

OBJECTIVETo separate anticoagulant components from the pepsin enzymolysis of centipede by gel filtration and reverse-phase C18 chromatography, and to detect the distribution range of their molecular mass.

METHODCingula and 280 nm ultraviolet spectrometry were used to detect and collect the chromatographic solutions. The components' anticoagulant activity in vitro was detected with activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) as the index, and the molecular mass range of the active composition was detected by MALDI-TOF-MS.

RESULTAnticoagulant active compounds were produced by gel filtration and reverse-phase C18 chromatography. The distribution range of relative molecular mass was determined to be from 597 to 1 146.

CONCLUSIONGel filtration and reverse-phase C18 chromatography are feasible for separating and purifying the pepsin enzymolysis of Centipede. The anticoagulant active compounds are oligopeptides.

Animals ; Anticoagulants ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Arthropods ; chemistry ; enzymology ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Male ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Pepsin A ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Peptides ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization

BACKGROUND: Specimen requirements such as type of anticoagulant and number of tube for body fluid analysis vary with specimen type and requested laboratory tests. We compared the results of six clinical chemistry tests between EDTA anticoagulated and anticoagulant-free body fluids. METHODS: A total of 191 body fluids (45 pleural, 28 bronchoalveolar lavage, 35 peritoneal, 45 peritosol, and 38 synovial fluids) were aliquoted into EDTA tubes and anticoagulant-free tubes, and were simultaneously tested for total protein, albumin, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase, adenosine deaminase, and amylase. RESULTS: The coefficient of determination (R2) for all six clinical chemistry test results between EDTA anticoagulated and anticoagulant-free body fluids are more than 0.95 with the exception of glucose in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (R2= 0.78). CONCLUSIONS: EDTA anticoagulated specimen could be used for testing routinely requested clinical chemistry tests in body fluid analysis, that only one tube of specimen is necessary to perform cell count, differential count, and clinical chemistry tests.
Adenosine Deaminase ; Anticoagulants ; Body Fluids ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Cell Count ; Chemistry, Clinical ; Clinical Chemistry Tests ; Edetic Acid ; Glucose ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for determining anticoagulation potency of Sparganii Rhizoma, and evaluate the effect of Sparganii Rhizoma herbs from different producing areas on promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis; and study the material basis of Sparganii Rhizoma through the correlation analysis on its anticoagulation potency, ferulic acid and total flavonoid content.

METHODThe anticoagulation time of Sparganii Rhizoma from different producing areas with activeated partial thromboplastin time for their active extracts. Their biopotency was calculated by using the method of "parallel lines of dose effect" (3, 3). The degree of correlation between their anticoagulation potency and chemical constituents were calculated by using Pearson correlational analysis method.

RESULTSparganii Rhizoma and is control drugs had a good linear relationship between dose and effect (Y = 172.76X - 193.39, R2 = 0.9955). The method had better accuracy (RSD 4.7%), repeatability (RSD 2.3%) and intermediate precision (RSD 5.4%), finding that the biopotency of Sparganii Rhizoma from different producing areas ranged between 52.33-238.58 U x g(-1), and all of them passed the test on reliability. The results of correlation analysis showed no remarkable relationship between the anticoagulation potency of Sparganii Rhizoma and the contents of the two chemical constituents.

CONCLUSIONThis biopotency determination method established in the experiment can be used as one of approaches for qulaity evaluation on Sparganii Rhizoma.

Animals ; Anticoagulants ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Blood Coagulation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Typhaceae ; chemistry