To explore the correlation between human body fat distribution and carotid athero-sclerosis.

The movement of wei qi （defensive qi） follows the circadian rhythm of "circulating on the yang during the day， and on the yin at night" and serves a defensive function to "protect the body". Guided by the theory of wei qi， it is believed that time rhythms and the immune system play significant roles in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis （UC）. Dysfunction in wei qi circulation， particularly when "yang fails to enter yin，" can lead to the onset of UC； the cyclical nature of wei qi's movement results in disease patterns characterized by "morning relief， daytime stability， evening aggravation， and nighttime worsening"， which align with the rhythmic characteristics of immune responses. The defensive function of wei qi is crucial in maintaining intestinal immunity of patients with UC， and the spleen and stomach， which are the sources of wei qi， are key to sustaining intestinal mucosal immune homeostasis； additionally， obstruction in the ascending and descending movements of wei qi， internal disruption， and latent pathogen in the intestines lead to the development of UC. Based on the theory of wei qi， treatment approaches for UC are proposed， including time-based dietary adjustments and chronotherapy to harmonize human activities with natural rhythms； these approaches emphasize protecting the spleen and stomach while also considering the lungs and kidneys， balancing sanjiao， and harmonizing ying qi and wei qi， so as to improve the clinical effectiveness of UC treatment.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), intricate reticular structures released by activated neutrophils, play a pivotal regulatory role in the pathogenesis of malignant tumors. Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies globally, with persistently high incidence and mortality rates. Recent studies have revealed that NETs dynamically modulate the tumor microenvironment through unique pathological mechanisms, exhibiting complex immunoregulatory characteristics during the progression of lung cancer, and this discovery has increasingly become a focal point in tumor immunology research. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the latest advancements in NETs research related to lung cancer, offering an in-depth analysis of their impact on lung cancer progression, their potential diagnostic value, and the current state of research on targeting NETs for lung cancer prevention and treatment. The aim is to propose novel strategies to enhance therapeutic outcomes and improve the prognosis for lung cancer patients.
.
Extracellular Traps/immunology* ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Neutrophils/metabolism* ; Animals ; Tumor Microenvironment

Protrusive facial deformities, characterized by the forward displacement of the teeth and/or jaws beyond the normal range, affect a considerable portion of the population. The manifestations and morphological mechanisms of protrusive facial deformities are complex and diverse, requiring orthodontists to possess a high level of theoretical knowledge and practical experience in the relevant orthodontic field. To further optimize the correction of protrusive facial deformities, this consensus proposes that the morphological mechanisms and diagnosis of protrusive facial deformities should be analyzed and judged from multiple dimensions and factors to accurately formulate treatment plans. It emphasizes the use of orthodontic strategies, including jaw growth modification, tooth extraction or non-extraction for anterior teeth retraction, and maxillofacial vertical control. These strategies aim to reduce anterior teeth and lip protrusion, increase chin prominence, harmonize nasolabial and chin-lip relationships, and improve the facial profile of patients with protrusive facial deformities. For severe skeletal protrusive facial deformities, orthodontic-orthognathic combined treatment may be suggested. This consensus summarizes the theoretical knowledge and clinical experience of numerous renowned oral experts nationwide, offering reference strategies for the correction of protrusive facial deformities.
Humans ; Orthodontics, Corrective/methods* ; Consensus ; Malocclusion/therapy* ; Patient Care Planning ; Cephalometry

Lumbar disc (LD) herniation and aging are prevalent conditions that can result in substantial morbidity. This study aimed to clarify the mechanisms connecting the LD aging and herniation, particularly focusing on cellular senescence and molecular alterations in the nucleus pulposus (NP). We performed a detailed analysis of NP samples from a diverse cohort, including individuals of varying ages and those with diagnosed LD herniation. Our methodology combined histological assessments with single-nucleus RNA sequencing to identify phenotypic and molecular changes related to NP aging and herniation. We discovered that cellular senescence and a decrease in nucleus pulposus progenitor cells (NPPCs) are central to both processes. Additionally, we found an age-related increase in NFAT1 expression that promotes NPPC senescence and contributes to both aging and herniation of LD. This research offers fresh insights into LD aging and its associated pathologies, potentially guiding the development of new therapeutic strategies to target the root causes of LD herniation and aging.
Intervertebral Disc Displacement/metabolism* ; Humans ; Aging/pathology* ; Nucleus Pulposus/pathology* ; Male ; Female ; Transcriptome ; Middle Aged ; Lumbar Vertebrae/pathology* ; Adult ; Cellular Senescence ; Stem Cells/pathology* ; Aged ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration/metabolism*

Objective:To investigate the effect of lower limb exoskeleton robots on balance function in children with spas-tic diplegia. Method:Twenty children with spastic diplegia who were admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation of the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from July 2022 to December 2022 were includ-ed in the treatment group.The other 20 children matched with age,gender and functional status were includ-ed in the control group.Both groups were given conventional rehabilitation training(exercise therapy,suspen-sion training,isokinetic muscle strength training),and the treatment group were received the 30-min lower limb exoskeleton robot training 5 times a week for 8 weeks.Before and after treatment,the two groups were tested with surface electromyography(sEMG)data,dynamic balance response displacement,static balance score,and Pediatric Balance Scale(PBS). Result:Before treatment,there was no statistically significant difference(P＞0.05)in sEMG values(gluteus maximus,gluteus medius,quadriceps femoris and tibialis anterior muscle),dynamic balance reaction displace-ment,static balance score,and PBS score between the two groups.There were significant improvements in the scores of these measurements(P＜0.05)in both group before and after treatment.Compared with the con-trol group,there were statistically significant differences in sEMG values(gluteus maximus P=0.021;gluteus medius P=0.016;quadriceps femoris P=0.004),dynamic balance reaction displacement(anterior P=0.014;left P=0.003;right P=0.003),static balance score(P=0.005),and PBS score(P=0.004)in the treatment group af-ter treatment. Conclusion:Lower limb exoskeleton robot gait training combined with conventional rehabilitation treatment can effectively improve the balance function of cerebral palsy children with spastic diplegia.

To summarize Professor TU Jinwen's clinical experience in the treatment of severe influenza based on the “heat toxin theory”. He believed that “heat toxin” is the main disease mechanism of severe influenza， emphasized the pathogenesis process that toxin enters with the pathogenic qi， heat generates by the toxin， and changes initiate from the toxin， and proposed simultaneous treatment of warmth and toxin and combination of multiple methods as the treatment principles. Syndrome differentiation in clinic should combine with wei-qi-ying-blood. The disease in the early stage located in wei （defensive） and qi level， treated by clearing heat and resolving toxins， releasing the exterior and expelling pathogen， harmonizing the exterior and interior， dredging the bowels with diarrhea， and combining other methods to get rid of the heat and toxin， and modified Self-Prescribed Tuire No. 1 Formula （自拟退热1号方） is recommended； the disease in progression stage located in ying-blood， treated by relieving heat and resolving toxins， and clearing the ying level and cool the blood， with prescriptions as modified Self-Prescribed Tuire No. 1 Formula plus Qingying Decoction （清营汤）， or Xijiao Dihuang Decoction （犀角地黄汤）； the disease in the late stage with of yin fluid consumption， and heat toxin in the blood level， treated by eliminating heat and resolving toxins， and enriching yin and cooling the blood， with prescriptions as modified Shashen Maidong Decoction （沙参麦冬汤） and Zhuye Shigao Decoction （竹叶石膏汤）. At the same time， it is emphasised that heat-clearing and fire-draining method and harmonising methods are important， and that dispelling pathogen should not injure healthy qi， and that the selection of prescriptions and medicines need consider syndrome differentiation and treatment.

OBJECTIVE To explore the potential mechanism of action of Gexia zhuyu decoction in the intervention of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease （MAFLD） based on ferroptosis. METHODS With the help of network pharmacology， the central targets of Gexia zhuyu decoction intervening in ferroptosis of MAFLD were screened， then gene ontology， Kyoto Encyclopedia Gene and Genomes enrichment analysis and molecular docking were performed. Juvenile zebrafish with normal development at 3 d post-fertilization were randomly divided into control group， model group （5 mmol/L thioacetamide）， magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate group （positive control， 5 mg/mL）， and Gexia zhuyu decoction low- ， medium- and high- concentration groups （20， 40， 80 μg/mL， calculated by crude drugs）. After cultured for 72 h， the contents of alanine transaminase （ALT）， aspartate transaminase （AST）， total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， glutathione （GSH）， reactive oxygen species （ROS） and Fe2+ were determined； the cellular structure of the liver tissues and hepatic steatosis were observed； the protein expression of silence information regulator 1 （SIRT1）， nuclear factor- erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2） and glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4） were detected. RESULTS The central targets of potential active ingredients of Gexia zhuyu decoction that act on ferroptosis in MAFLD included tumor proteins p53， SIRT1， Nrf2， etc.， which were enriched in biological processes such as positive/negative regulation of RNA polymerase Ⅱ promoter transcription， cellular components such as nucleus and cytoplasm， molecular functions such as protein binding， as well as signaling pathways such as ferroptosis and the cancer pathway， and they might be tightly linked to the main active ingredients. Compared with model group， the contents of ALT， AST， TC， TG， MDA， ROS and Fe2+ were all decreased significantly in each administration group， while the contents of SOD and GSH were increased significantly （P＜0.05）； the pathological damage of liver tissue cells had improved， and the accumulation of liver lipids had decreased. The protein expressions of SIRT1， Nrf2 and GPX4 had been significantly upregulated （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Gexia zhuyu decoction can regulate lipid metabolism， improve the level of oxidative stress， maintain Fe2+ homeostasis， and inhibit the process of ferroptosis in juvenile zebrafish with MAFLD， and the above effects may be related to the activation of the SIRT1/Nrf2/GPX4 axis.

Objective:To explore the effect of lower limb exoskeleton robot gait training on walking function and gait in children with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy. Method:A total of 21 cerebral palsy children with spastic diplegia who visited the Rehabilitation Department of the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University Medical College from August 2022 to January 2023 were recruited as the treatment group.A matched control group of 21 children was selected based on age,gen-der,and functional status.Both groups underwent 8 weeks of conventional motor rehabilitation training(includ-ing exercise therapy,suspension training,and isokinetic strength training)five times per week.The treatment group additionally received lower limb exoskeleton robot gait training.Before and after 8-week treatment,the 6-minute walk test(6MWT),the Gross Motor Function Measure(GMFM-88)in domains D and E,and gait pa-rameters such as walking of the children such as gait speed,stride frequency,stride length,and support phase duration was evaluated using the IDEEA motion capture system. Result:There was no significant difference(P＞0.05)between the two groups of children in terms of 6MWD,GMFM-88 D-zone score,E-zone score,stride speed,stride frequency,stride length,and the proportion of bi-lateral support phase before treatment.After treatment,both groups showed improvements in 6MWD,GMFM-88 domain D and E score,stride speed,stride frequency,and stride length,while the proportion of bilateral support phase decreased.However,there were no significant differences between the groups in these post-treat-ment parameters(P＞0.05).There were significant differences between groups in 6MWD difference(P＜0.01),GMFM-88 domain D score(P＜0.01),domain E score(P＜0.01),stride speed difference(P＜0.05),stride length dif-ference(P＜0.05),and bilateral support ratio difference(P＜0.01)before and after treatment.The improvement in the treatment group was better than that in the control group. Conclusion:The combination of exoskeleton robot training and routine rehabilitation therapy can effectively im-prove walking function and gait in children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Objective To explore method of establishing and evaluating an asthma rat model with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome.Methods 60 SD male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups,a normal group,asthma group,combination of disease and syndrome(combination)group,DM group,and KCLW group,with 12 rats in each group.Asthma models were established using ovalbumin(OVA).A syndrome model of phlegm and blood stasis was established using a high-fat diet combined with the ice water bath method.We evaluated the asthma model through animal behavior observation,pathological section observation,inflammation index detection,and airway reactivity measurements.The phlegm and blood stasis syndrome model was evaluated via measurements of rat body mass,blood glucose,blood lipids,coagulation function,and hemorheological indexes and by observing symptoms and syndrome determination by Kechuan Liuwei mixture.Results(1)After OVA induction,the rats in the asthma model group and combination group showed symptoms such as shortness of breath,open mouth breathing,abdominal movement,restlessness,and irritability.HE staining showed the disordered arrangement of the bronchial mucosa in lung tissue,local detachment,thickening of the basement membrane and the bronchial tube wall,narrowing of the lumen,extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells,and congestion of capillaries.Compared with the normal group,the asthma model group and combination group(P＜0.05)had increased serum IL-4,IL-6,and TGF-β1.Penh values were increased after stimulation with various concentrations of Mch(P＜0.05).(2)Rats in the combination group showed symptoms such as chills,curling up with minimal movement,purple and dark claws,purple and black bruises on the tail,loose stools,and unclean perianal area.Compared with the rats in the asthma model group,rats in the combination group had increased body mass(P＜0.05)and blood glucose,triglyceride,and total cholesterol levels(P＜0.05),a shortened thrombin time(P＜0.05),increased fibrinogen content(P＜0.05),and significantly increased whole-blood viscosity at low,medium,and high shear rates(P＜0.05).The indexes were significantly improved after Kechuan Liuwei mixture administration.Conclusions The asthma rat model with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome can be established through OVA induction and high-fat diet combined with ice water bath.The model can be evaluated through behavioral observation,index measurements,and syndrome determination via formulas.