The movement of wei qi （defensive qi） follows the circadian rhythm of "circulating on the yang during the day， and on the yin at night" and serves a defensive function to "protect the body". Guided by the theory of wei qi， it is believed that time rhythms and the immune system play significant roles in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis （UC）. Dysfunction in wei qi circulation， particularly when "yang fails to enter yin，" can lead to the onset of UC； the cyclical nature of wei qi's movement results in disease patterns characterized by "morning relief， daytime stability， evening aggravation， and nighttime worsening"， which align with the rhythmic characteristics of immune responses. The defensive function of wei qi is crucial in maintaining intestinal immunity of patients with UC， and the spleen and stomach， which are the sources of wei qi， are key to sustaining intestinal mucosal immune homeostasis； additionally， obstruction in the ascending and descending movements of wei qi， internal disruption， and latent pathogen in the intestines lead to the development of UC. Based on the theory of wei qi， treatment approaches for UC are proposed， including time-based dietary adjustments and chronotherapy to harmonize human activities with natural rhythms； these approaches emphasize protecting the spleen and stomach while also considering the lungs and kidneys， balancing sanjiao， and harmonizing ying qi and wei qi， so as to improve the clinical effectiveness of UC treatment.

To explore the correlation between human body fat distribution and carotid athero-sclerosis.

Objective:To compare and analyze the similarities and differences in clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, pathological characteristics, and prognosis between urticarial vasculitis (UV) and chronic spontaneous urticaria with pigmentation (CSUwp) .Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data and follow-up results from 35 UV patients and 54 CSUwp patients who attended the Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University from 2014 to 2024. The clinical characteristics (duration of rash, pigmentation, petechiae and ecchymosis, itching, burning sensation, fever, fatigue, skin lesion characteristics, etc.) , laboratory test results, pathological features, and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Statistical analysis was carried out by t test, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results:There were no significant differences in gender, age, or age of onset between the UV group and CSUwp group (all P < 0.05) . The proportions of patients with petechiae/purpura (68.57% [24/35] vs. 11.11% [6/54]) , and those with burning sensation (22.86% [8/35] vs. 3.70% [2/54]) were significantly higher in the UV group than in the CSUwp group (both P < 0.05) . Compared with the CSUwp patients, the UV patients presented with a greater number of lesions, larger lesion areas, and more frequent involvement of the lower limbs (all P < 0.05) , also showed significantly higher incidence rates of peripheral blood complement reduction, perivascular neutrophil infiltration, nuclear dust, fibrinoid necrosis of the vessel wall, and erythrocyte extravasation (all P < 0.05) , as well as more extensive dermal perivascular inflammation ( Z = -4.506, P < 0.001) . Among patients who achieved remission, the natural disease course was significantly longer in the CSUwp patients than in the UV patients (6.00 [2.5, 24] months vs. 2.00 [0.5, 24] months; Z = -2.618, P = 0.009]. However, the survival analysis showed no significant difference in the natural disease course or clinical outcomes between the two groups ( χ2 = 2.771, P = 0.096) . There were also no significant differences in rash duration or in the incidence rates of itching, angioedema, or joint pain between the two groups (all P > 0.05) . Conclusions:UV patients exhibited certain differences from CSUwp patients in clinical characteristics, laboratory test results, histopathological features, and prognosis. However, whether their natural disease courses differ requires further follow-up studies to confirm.

Objective The data related to adverse drug reaction of trastuzumab deruxtecan(T-DXd)were mined to provide references for its clinical management and adverse event handling.Methods Based on the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)database,the data reported from the post-marketing period of T-DXd until the fourth quarter of 2024 were extracted.The proportion imbalance method,specifically the reporting odds ratio(ROR)method,was used to mine and analyze the data related to adverse events of T-DXd.Results A total of 13 134 cases of adverse events related to T-DXd were obtained from the FAERS database.Gastrointestinal disorders were the most common,with 2348 adverse reaction signals,accounting for 17.88％.The most frequent adverse reactions were nausea(n=809),interstitial lung disease(n=732),and fatigue(n=579).The one with the highest ROR value was Listeriosis gastroenteritis(ROR=1228.74).The highest number of deaths were from interstitial lung disease(226),pneumonitis(90),and nausea(67).Conclusion By mining data on real-world adverse drug reaction related to T-DXd,suggests that pulmonary function,cardiac function,complete blood count and other parameters should be closely monitored during treatment for early diagnosis and treatment of corresponding complications.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), intricate reticular structures released by activated neutrophils, play a pivotal regulatory role in the pathogenesis of malignant tumors. Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies globally, with persistently high incidence and mortality rates. Recent studies have revealed that NETs dynamically modulate the tumor microenvironment through unique pathological mechanisms, exhibiting complex immunoregulatory characteristics during the progression of lung cancer, and this discovery has increasingly become a focal point in tumor immunology research. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the latest advancements in NETs research related to lung cancer, offering an in-depth analysis of their impact on lung cancer progression, their potential diagnostic value, and the current state of research on targeting NETs for lung cancer prevention and treatment. The aim is to propose novel strategies to enhance therapeutic outcomes and improve the prognosis for lung cancer patients.
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Extracellular Traps/immunology* ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Neutrophils/metabolism* ; Animals ; Tumor Microenvironment

Protrusive facial deformities, characterized by the forward displacement of the teeth and/or jaws beyond the normal range, affect a considerable portion of the population. The manifestations and morphological mechanisms of protrusive facial deformities are complex and diverse, requiring orthodontists to possess a high level of theoretical knowledge and practical experience in the relevant orthodontic field. To further optimize the correction of protrusive facial deformities, this consensus proposes that the morphological mechanisms and diagnosis of protrusive facial deformities should be analyzed and judged from multiple dimensions and factors to accurately formulate treatment plans. It emphasizes the use of orthodontic strategies, including jaw growth modification, tooth extraction or non-extraction for anterior teeth retraction, and maxillofacial vertical control. These strategies aim to reduce anterior teeth and lip protrusion, increase chin prominence, harmonize nasolabial and chin-lip relationships, and improve the facial profile of patients with protrusive facial deformities. For severe skeletal protrusive facial deformities, orthodontic-orthognathic combined treatment may be suggested. This consensus summarizes the theoretical knowledge and clinical experience of numerous renowned oral experts nationwide, offering reference strategies for the correction of protrusive facial deformities.
Humans ; Orthodontics, Corrective/methods* ; Consensus ; Malocclusion/therapy* ; Patient Care Planning ; Cephalometry

Lumbar disc (LD) herniation and aging are prevalent conditions that can result in substantial morbidity. This study aimed to clarify the mechanisms connecting the LD aging and herniation, particularly focusing on cellular senescence and molecular alterations in the nucleus pulposus (NP). We performed a detailed analysis of NP samples from a diverse cohort, including individuals of varying ages and those with diagnosed LD herniation. Our methodology combined histological assessments with single-nucleus RNA sequencing to identify phenotypic and molecular changes related to NP aging and herniation. We discovered that cellular senescence and a decrease in nucleus pulposus progenitor cells (NPPCs) are central to both processes. Additionally, we found an age-related increase in NFAT1 expression that promotes NPPC senescence and contributes to both aging and herniation of LD. This research offers fresh insights into LD aging and its associated pathologies, potentially guiding the development of new therapeutic strategies to target the root causes of LD herniation and aging.
Intervertebral Disc Displacement/metabolism* ; Humans ; Aging/pathology* ; Nucleus Pulposus/pathology* ; Male ; Female ; Transcriptome ; Middle Aged ; Lumbar Vertebrae/pathology* ; Adult ; Cellular Senescence ; Stem Cells/pathology* ; Aged ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration/metabolism*

Objective:To investigate the effects and mechanism of Shenshuaikang Enema on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) NRK-52E cells; To provide references for Shenshuaikang Enema to treat AKI.Methods:The H/R-induced NRK-52E cell model was established, and control group, model group, drug-containing serum group, drug-containing blood group +p53 agonist group, p53 agonist group, p53 inhibitor group were set up. Cell viability was detected by CCK8. The cell cycle distribution in each group was analyzed using flow cytometry, while cell senescence was assessed via β-galactosidase staining. The levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the cell supernatant were evaluated using ELISA. Western Blot analyses were conducted to measure the protein expressions of p53, phosphorylated p53 (p-p53), and p21.Results:Compared with model group, NRK-52E cell vitality significantly increased in the drug-containing serum group and p53 inhibitor group ( P<0.01, P<0.05), S phase and G2/M phase percentage was significantly reduced ( P<0.01), β-galactoase staining decreased ( P<0.01), the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α decreased ( P<0.05, P<0.01), the protein expressions of p-p53 and p21 decreased ( P<0.01). Compared with the drug-containing serum group, NRK-52E cell vitality significantly decreased in the drug-containing serum+p53 agonist group and p53 agonist group ( P<0.01), S phase and G2/M phase percentage was significantly increased ( P<0.01), β-galactoase staining increased ( P<0.01), the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α increased ( P<0.01), the protein expressions of p-p53 and p21 increased ( P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion:The drug-containing serum of Shenshuaikang Enema may promote cell proliferation, improve cell cycle arrest, inhibit pro-inflammatory and senescence related secretory phenotypes, and inhibit cell senescence by inhibiting p53/p21 signaling pathway, so as to promote H/ R-induced NRK-52E cell damage repair.

Objective To investigate the effect of Shugan Lipi Prescription on patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)of liver stagnation and spleen deficiency type from the perspective of bile acid-intestinal flora axis imbalance.Methods From May 2022 to May 2023,a total of 122 patients with IBS-D of liver stagnation and spleen deficiency type admitted to the Xi'an No.9 Hospital were enrolled into the investigation.The patients were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group by random number table method,with 61 patients in each group.The control group was given conventional western medicine treatment with oral administration of Dicetel plus Compound Diphenoxylate Tablets and Bifidobacterium Quadruple Viable Tablets,and the observation group was treated with Shugan Lipi Prescription on the basis of treatment for the control group.One course of treatment covered seven days,and both groups were treated for four courses in total.The changes of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptom Severity Scale(IBS-SSS)score,levels of serum bile acid and the fecal levels of intestinal flora such as Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus,and Enterococcus in the two groups of patients before and after treatment were observed.Moreover,the clinical efficacy and the incidence of adverse reactions during the treatment of the two groups were compared.Results(1)After four courses of treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 96.72%(59/61)and that of the control group was 83.61%(51/61),and the intergroup comparison(tested by chi-square test)showed that the efficacy of the observation group was significantly superior to that of the control group(P<0.05).(2)After treatment,the scores of IBS-SSS items such as abdominal pain,abdominal pain duration,abdominal distension,defecation satisfaction and life interference in the two groups were all decreased when compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P<0.01).(3)After treatment,the levels of serum taurodeoxycholic acid(TDCA),taurocholic acid(TCA)and taurolithocholic acid(TLCA)in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P<0.01).(4)After treatment,the fecal level of Enterococcus,a kind of pathogenic bacterium,in both groups was decreased when compared with that before treatment(P<0.05),and the fecal levels of probiotics of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in both groups were increased when compared with those before treatment(P<0.05).The effects on the decrease of fecal Enterococcus level and on the increase of fecal Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus levels in the observation group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).(5)The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 8.20%(5/61)and that in the control group was 6.55%(4/61),and the intergroup comparison showed that the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion Shugan Lipi Prescription exerts certain therapeutic effect for IBS-D patients of liver stagnation and spleen deficiency type,and is with higher safety.Its therapeutic mechanism may be related to the restoration of the function of bile acid-intestinal flora axis.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of non-contrast chest CT in acute pulmonary thromboembolism(APTE).Methods A total of 187 patients with suspected APTE who underwent non-contrast chest CT and computed tomography pulmonary angiography(CTPA)within 2 h were included.Among 187 patients,there were 89 patients with APTE(APTE group)and 98 patients without APTE(control group).The clinical characteristics and chest CT features between the APTE group and the control group were compared.The sensitivity and specificity of non-contrast chest CT findings in the diagnosis of central APTE and peripheral APTE were analyzed.Results Chest CT showed pulmonary artery hyperdensity sign in 35 cases in the APTE group and none in the control group,with the difference was statistically significant(χ2=47.414,P<0.001);Subpleural shadow appeared in 33 cases in the APTE group and 11 cases in the control group,with the difference was statistically significant(χ2=17.327,P<0.001).The sensitivity and specificity of pulmonary artery hyperdensity sign in the diagnosis of central APTE and peripheral APTE were 72.92%,100%and 0%,100%,respectively.The sensitivity and specificity of sub-pleural shadow in the diagnosis of central APTE and peripheral APTE were 39.58%,88.78%and 34.15%,88.78%,respectively.The difference was not statistically significant in pleural effusion,pulmonary artery diameter,or pulmonary artery diameter to aorta diameter ratio between the two groups.Conclusion The pulmonary artery hyperdensity sign on non-contrast chest CT is a useful sign of APTE,which can avoid CTPA examination.