Objective:To investigate the effects and mechanism of Shenshuaikang Enema on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) NRK-52E cells; To provide references for Shenshuaikang Enema to treat AKI.Methods:The H/R-induced NRK-52E cell model was established, and control group, model group, drug-containing serum group, drug-containing blood group +p53 agonist group, p53 agonist group, p53 inhibitor group were set up. Cell viability was detected by CCK8. The cell cycle distribution in each group was analyzed using flow cytometry, while cell senescence was assessed via β-galactosidase staining. The levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the cell supernatant were evaluated using ELISA. Western Blot analyses were conducted to measure the protein expressions of p53, phosphorylated p53 (p-p53), and p21.Results:Compared with model group, NRK-52E cell vitality significantly increased in the drug-containing serum group and p53 inhibitor group ( P<0.01, P<0.05), S phase and G2/M phase percentage was significantly reduced ( P<0.01), β-galactoase staining decreased ( P<0.01), the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α decreased ( P<0.05, P<0.01), the protein expressions of p-p53 and p21 decreased ( P<0.01). Compared with the drug-containing serum group, NRK-52E cell vitality significantly decreased in the drug-containing serum+p53 agonist group and p53 agonist group ( P<0.01), S phase and G2/M phase percentage was significantly increased ( P<0.01), β-galactoase staining increased ( P<0.01), the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α increased ( P<0.01), the protein expressions of p-p53 and p21 increased ( P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion:The drug-containing serum of Shenshuaikang Enema may promote cell proliferation, improve cell cycle arrest, inhibit pro-inflammatory and senescence related secretory phenotypes, and inhibit cell senescence by inhibiting p53/p21 signaling pathway, so as to promote H/ R-induced NRK-52E cell damage repair.

To summarize Professor TU Jinwen's clinical experience in the treatment of severe influenza based on the “heat toxin theory”. He believed that “heat toxin” is the main disease mechanism of severe influenza， emphasized the pathogenesis process that toxin enters with the pathogenic qi， heat generates by the toxin， and changes initiate from the toxin， and proposed simultaneous treatment of warmth and toxin and combination of multiple methods as the treatment principles. Syndrome differentiation in clinic should combine with wei-qi-ying-blood. The disease in the early stage located in wei （defensive） and qi level， treated by clearing heat and resolving toxins， releasing the exterior and expelling pathogen， harmonizing the exterior and interior， dredging the bowels with diarrhea， and combining other methods to get rid of the heat and toxin， and modified Self-Prescribed Tuire No. 1 Formula （自拟退热1号方） is recommended； the disease in progression stage located in ying-blood， treated by relieving heat and resolving toxins， and clearing the ying level and cool the blood， with prescriptions as modified Self-Prescribed Tuire No. 1 Formula plus Qingying Decoction （清营汤）， or Xijiao Dihuang Decoction （犀角地黄汤）； the disease in the late stage with of yin fluid consumption， and heat toxin in the blood level， treated by eliminating heat and resolving toxins， and enriching yin and cooling the blood， with prescriptions as modified Shashen Maidong Decoction （沙参麦冬汤） and Zhuye Shigao Decoction （竹叶石膏汤）. At the same time， it is emphasised that heat-clearing and fire-draining method and harmonising methods are important， and that dispelling pathogen should not injure healthy qi， and that the selection of prescriptions and medicines need consider syndrome differentiation and treatment.

ObjectiveTo analyze the monitoring results and trends of Oncomelania in Songjiang District of Shanghai from 2007 to 2023， and to provide reference for future monitoring work. MethodsThe data of snail monitoring in Songjiang District from 2007 to 2023 were collected， including the location of snail spots， the number of survey frames， the area with snails， the number of frames with snails， the total number of snails， etc. The density of living snails and the occurrence rate of living snail frames were calculated. ResultsFrom 2007 to 2023， a total of 158 snail spots were found in 22 administrative villages in 4 towns in Songjiang District， including 131 emerging snail habitats （82.91%） and 27 reemerging snail habitats （17.09%）. The total snail area was 175 980 m²， the number of snail frames was 10 061， and 33 302 snails were captured. The highest density was 260/0.11 m²， and 15 662 snails were dissected. No positive snails were found. The average density of living snails was 0.60/0.11 m² and the average occurrence rate of living snail frames was 17.99%. The snail areas in different areas were Yexie Town 126 000 m² （71.60%）， Maogang Town 26 470 m² （15.04%）， Xinbang Town 17 040 m² （9.68%）， and Shihudang Town 6 470 m² （3.68%）. The average density of living snails in different areas was 0.89/0.11 m² in Yexie Town， 0.65/0.11 m² in Maogang Town， 0.26/0.11 m² in Shihudang Town and 0.24/0.11 m² in Xinbang Town. The snail areas of different snail habitats were as follows： woodland 151 250 m²（85.95%）， river 13 810 m²（7.85%）， ditch 6 910 m²（3.93%）， farmland 4 010 m²（2.28%）. The average density of living snails in different snail habitats： ditch 1.01/0.11 m²， beach 0.86/0.11 m²， woodland 0.57/0.11 m²， river 0.40/0.11 m². The occurrence rate of living snail frames in different regions and different snail environment types showed a downward trend and the difference was statistically significant. ConclusionAlthough the snail monitoring indicators such as snail area， average living snail density and average living snail frame occurrence rate in Songjiang District are still at its historically low level， the average living snail density and average living snail frame occurrence rate are still high compared with other regions or the national average. We should focus on the upper reaches and tributaries of the Huangpu River， especially the key areas of seedling transplantation， and strengthen monitoring and supervision to reduce the risk of snail input.

According to the latest global cancer statistics， the incidence and mortality of lung cancer rank first in China. Classical therapies remain the most common cancer treatment options， such as surgical resection， radiotherapy， and chemotherapy， but not all cancer patients respond to classical therapies， which require new lung cancer treatment strategies. After decades of research and development， cancer immunotherapy has achieved certain curative effect， which provides new possibilities for cancer treatment. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase （cGAS） is a cytosolic DNA sensor. It can induce protective immune defense responses against various DNA-containing pathogens and provide anti-tumor immunity by activating the interferon （IFN） gene stimulator （STING） protein. At present， relevant researchers in China and abroad have done a lot of research on the occurrence and development of lung cancer and the pathophysiological mechanism of drug intervention in the treatment of lung cancer. The results show that cGAS/STING signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of the disease， and traditional Chinese medicine monomers or compounds can intervene in lung cancer cells by regulating the cGAS/STING signaling pathway， induce their autophagy and death， regulate their cycle operation， promote senescence， inhibit their proliferation and tumor angiogenesis， promote their invasion and metastasis， and promote the immune activation of anti-lung cancer cells， so as to inhibit or delay the occurrence and development of lung cancer. In recent years， the related research results have been updated rapidly， and the previous literature has not included the latest research results in time， which causes a lot of inconvenience for many scholars to search the literature. Based on this， this paper mainly summarized the mechanism of cGAS/STING signaling pathway intervention in lung cancer in China and abroad in recent years， as well as the research progress of related traditional Chinese medicine intervention， so as to provide new ideas for the development of lung cancer in molecular biology， drug treatment research， and clinical new drug research and provide a reference for further mechanism research.

Lung cancer has the highest incidence and mortality rate among all cancers in China， with its complex and variable nature， long treatment duration， and often poor prognosis. Currently， the treatment of lung cancer mainly employs classical therapies such as surgery， radiotherapy， and chemotherapy， but some patients may experience a series of adverse reactions， which affect their quality of life， survival period， and treatment outcomes. As reported， oxidative stress is one of the important pathogenic factors of lung cancer， affecting its occurrence and development. Oxidative stress is a state of imbalance between oxidative products and antioxidant defense mechanisms in the body. The intervention of oxidative stress in the occurrence and development of lung cancer is related to multiple signaling pathways， including the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 （Keap1）-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2） signaling pathway， phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）/mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） signaling pathway， mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathway， and nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway. Currently， researchers in China and abroad have conducted extensive studies on the occurrence and development of lung cancer and the pathophysiological mechanisms of drug intervention. The results have shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the occurrence and development of lung cancer. Chinese medicine monomers and compounds can regulate oxidative stress levels and intervene in related signaling pathways， thereby inhibiting or delaying the occurrence and development of lung cancer. Based on this， this article mainly summarized the relevant signaling pathways regulating oxidative stress intervention in lung cancer in recent years， and also reviewed the latest research on Chinese medicine monomers and compounds in regulating oxidative stress to treat lung cancer， aiming to provide new ideas for research on drug treatment of lung cancer and clinical drug development， as well as to provide references and guidance for further in-depth mechanistic studies in the future.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death， characterized by high invasiveness， early metastasis and poor prognosis. It has the highest incidence and mortality rates among cancers in China. Currently， the treatment of lung cancer is still dominated by the classic therapies such as surgery， radiotherapy， chemotherapy and targeted therapy. However， the classic therapies are not suitable for all patients with lung cancer， so new treatment strategies and methods are needed to prevent and treat lung cancer. In recent years， Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma has attracted wide attention in the field of anti-lung cancer research， and traditional Chinese medicine has a substantial theoretical and practical foundation in treating lung cancer. Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma ， as a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine， has the functions of replenishing vital Qi， replenishing veins， strengthening the spleen and lung， and nourishing body and blood. The main active components of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma ， known as ginsenosides， exhibit anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore， the mechanism and pharmacological activity of ginsenosides in the intervention of lung cancer have been extensively studied by researchers worldwide. The results show that ginsenosides can effectively inhibit the proliferation， invasion， migration， epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis of lung cancer cells. Additionally， they inhibit drug resistance， enhance chemotherapy sensitivity and efficacy， and promote apoptosis and autophagy of lung cancer cells. Ginsenosides also modulate the tumor microenvironment and regulate immunity， thereby delaying the occurrence and development of lung cancer. The rapid advancements in related research have outpaced previous literature review， creating challenges for scholars seeking the latest information. Based on this， this article summarizes recent findings on the mechanism and pharmacological activities of ginsenosides in lung cancer intervention， aiming to provide new insights for the development of molecular biology， drug treatment research and clinical new drug research in lung cancer. It also provides the reference for further mechanism research.

Objective:To explore changes of acid-base metabolism in the brain tissue of patients with chronic ischemic cerebrovascular disease (CICVD) using MRI amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) imaging.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. From January 2021 to July 2022, thirty-nine patients with CICVD at West China Hospital, Sichuan University were retrospectively included. All patients received CT perfusion (CTP) and APTw imaging. NeuBrainCARE brain perfusion software was used to analyze the impaired perfusion sites and measure the mean transit time (MTT) and time to peak (TTP). Standard spatial matching between CTP and APTw images was performed to measure the APTw values of the same sites. For comparison with normal tissue, APTw values were measured for normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) in the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere, the contralateral cerebral hemisphere, and the ipsilateral cerebellar hemisphere in areas of impaired perfusion. ANOVA was used to compare the APTw values of impaired perfusion brain tissue, ipsilateral cerebral NAWM, contralateral cerebral NAWM, and ipsilateral cerebellar NAWM. The Bonferroni method was used to correct for multiple comparisons. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between APTw values and MTT and TTP in the cerebral tissue with impaired perfusion.Results:In 39 patients with CICVD, both the mean and minimum APTw values of cerebral tissue with impaired perfusion were significantly lower than those in the NAWM of the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere, the contralateral cerebral hemisphere, and the ipsilateral cerebellar hemisphere ( P<0.001). In the NAWM of the cerebellar hemispheres with unimpaired perfusion, both the mean and minimum APTw values were significantly higher than those in the ipsilateral cerebral hemispheres and the contralateral cerebral hemisphere ( P<0.001). Correlation analysis showed that MTT was significantly negatively correlated with both the mean APTw and the minimum APTw ( r values were -0.90 and -0.82, P<0.001). TTP was significantly negatively correlated with both the mean APTw and the minimum APTw ( r values were -0.86 and -0.78, P<0.001). Conclusion:APTw value can reflect acidosis in cerebral tissue with impaired perfusion in patients with CICVD.

Objective:To evaluate the value of preoperative prediction of vessel invasion (VI) of locally advanced gastric cancer by machine learning model based on the venous phase enhanced CT radiomics features.Methods:A retrospective analysis of 296 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer confirmed by pathology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July 2011 to December 2020 was performed. The patients were divided into VI positive group ( n=213) and VI negative group ( n=83) based on pathological results. The data were divided into training set ( n=207) and test set ( n=89) according to the ratio of 7∶3 with stratification sampling. The clinical characteristics of patients were recorded, and the independent risk factors of gastric cancer VI were screened by multivariate logistic regression. Pyradiomics software was used to extract radiomic features from the venous phase enhanced CT images, and the minimum absolute shrinkage and selection algorithm (LASSO) was used to screen the features, obtain the optimal feature subset, and establish the radiomics signature. Four machine learning algorithms, including extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), logistic, naive Bayes (GNB), and support vector machine (SVM) models, were used to build prediction models for the radiomics signature and the screened clinical independent risk factors. The efficacy of the model in predicting gastric cancer VI was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results:The degree of differentiation (OR=13.651, 95%CI 7.265-25.650, P=0.003), Lauren′s classification (OR=1.349, 95%CI 1.011-1.799, P=0.042) and CA199 (OR=1.796, 95%CI 1.406-2.186, P=0.044) were independent risk factors for predicting the VI of locally advanced gastric cancer. Based on the venous phase enhanced CT images, 864 quantitative features were extracted, and 18 best constructed radiomics signature were selected by LASSO. In the training set, the area under the curve (AUC) of XGBoost, logistic, GNB and SVM models for predicting gastric cancer VI were 0.914 (95%CI 0.875-0.953), 0.897 (95%CI 0.853-0.940), 0.880 (95%CI 0.832-0.928) and 0.814 (95%CI 0.755-0.873), respectively, and in the test set were 0.870 (95%CI 0.769-0.971), 0.877 (95%CI 0.788-0.964), 0.859 (95%CI 0.755-0.961) and 0.773 (95%CI 0.647-0.898). The logistic model had the largest AUC in the test set. Conclusions:The machine learning model based on the venous phase enhanced CT radiomics features has high efficacy in predicting the VI of locally advanced gastric cancer before the operation, and the logistic model demonstrates the best diagnostic efficacy.

Objective:To evaluate the barrier-free level of village clinics of a city in the aging era, for references in improving the barrier-free medical environment for the elderlies.Methods:The village dectors of 156 village clinics in 12 counties of a city were selected as the objects of a questionnaire survey from Dec.2020 to Jan.2021, with 6 evaluation indexes established, each set with 1-10 points. This questionnaires was used to survey the barrier-free construction levels of village clinics. The data were statistically analyzed by rank sum ratio and quadrant graph model.Results:The barrier-free buildings of such clinics scored 32.86 points in average. Among the six indexes, the barrier-free access and doors(7.21 points) scored the highest, and the barrier-free parking space(4.71points) and toilets(3.28 points) scored the lowest. All the counties of the city fell into four categories, including 2 counties with high degree of aging-high level of accessibility, 4 counties with low degree of aging-high level of accessibility, 4 counties with low degree of aging-low level of accessibility, and 2 counties with high degree of aging-low level of accessibility, according to the quadrant graph model built based on the aging degrees and the barrier-free levels of village clinics.Conclusions:The barrier-free level of the village clinics in a city needs to be further improved, and the barrier-free transformation of parking space and toilets should also be strengthened in the future. The government should take different measures in view of conditions of each county to improve the accessibility of village clinics and facilitate the health care-seeking of elderlies.

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) on long-wave UV damage in mouse skin in order to provide ideas for the treatment of skin photodamage.Methods:The inguinal and perirenal adipose tissues of C57BL/6 mice were extracted and processed to obtain mouse ADSCs, and the surface markers, adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation capabilities were identified. The mouse photoaging model was irradiated with the SS-03AB UV illuminator, the total UVB dose was 9.45 J/cm 2, and the total UVA dose was 94.5 J/cm 2. Experimental mice (72 in total) were divided into normal group, model group, DMEM (medium) group and ADSC group, each with 18 mice. In the normal group and model group, the materials were taken two weeks after the end of irradiation. After irradiation, the ADSC group was given a subcutaneous injection of 200 μl ADSC suspension, and the DMEM group was given 200 μl of serum-free medium for treatment, and the materials were taken for pathological staining after 2 weeks. The experimental data was processed by analysis of variance. This study was carried out from August 2018 to July 2019 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Results:The extracted cells were identified as adipose-derived stem cells. HE staining showed that the inflammatory cell infiltration in the ADSC group was significantly reduced compared with the DMEM group ( t=20.649, P<0.001) and the normal group ( t=16.147, P<0.001), and the thickness of the dermis layer was significantly increased. Masson staining showed collagen fibers were arranged neatly and the density increased significantly after ADSC treatment. Conclusions:Subcutaneous injection of ADSC can reduce inflammation, promote collagen tissue proliferation, increase the thickness of the dermis, effectively resist inflammatory damage and collagen breakdown caused by UVB.