Purpose To explore the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for assessing the therapeutic effect of RANKL monoclonal antibody for vertebral giant cell tumors.Materials and Methods PET/CT data of 11 patients with vertebral giant cell tumors treated with RANKL monoclonal antibody in Peking University Third Hospital from October 2020 to September 2021 were retrospectively collected.Imaging characteristics such as the number,location and type of bone destruction were analyzed,the maximum standardized uptake value(SUVmax)and the longest diameter of the lesions were measured.The objective tumor response was evaluated based on the modified European organization for research and treatment of cancer(EORTC)criteria,response evaluation criteria in solid tumors(RECIST)1.1 and inverse Choi density/size(ICDS)criteria.Results The skeletal lesions of 11 patients were all single,with lytic destruction and incomplete bone cortex,and marginal bone sclerosis was observed after treatment.The lesions had a baseline SUVmax of 12.12±3.64 and a post-treatment SUVmax of 4.39±2.10,with a%ΔSUVmax ranging from 31.81%to 80.52%.Based on the modified EORTC criteria,two cases had complete response and nine cases showed partial response.The median longest diameter was 46.21(33.84,85.93)mm at baseline and 42.25(32.44,79.29)mm after medication,with a decrease ranging from 0.71%to 22.90%.Based on the modified RECIST 1.1 criteria,11 cases showed stable disease.Based on ICDS criteria,two cases had partial response and nine cases had stable disease.Conclusion PET/CT can be used to assess the efficacy of RANKL monoclonal antibody therapy for vertebral giant cell tumors,with a high objective response based on the modified EORTC criteria.

Purpose To explore the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for assessing the therapeutic effect of RANKL monoclonal antibody for vertebral giant cell tumors.Materials and Methods PET/CT data of 11 patients with vertebral giant cell tumors treated with RANKL monoclonal antibody in Peking University Third Hospital from October 2020 to September 2021 were retrospectively collected.Imaging characteristics such as the number,location and type of bone destruction were analyzed,the maximum standardized uptake value(SUVmax)and the longest diameter of the lesions were measured.The objective tumor response was evaluated based on the modified European organization for research and treatment of cancer(EORTC)criteria,response evaluation criteria in solid tumors(RECIST)1.1 and inverse Choi density/size(ICDS)criteria.Results The skeletal lesions of 11 patients were all single,with lytic destruction and incomplete bone cortex,and marginal bone sclerosis was observed after treatment.The lesions had a baseline SUVmax of 12.12±3.64 and a post-treatment SUVmax of 4.39±2.10,with a%ΔSUVmax ranging from 31.81%to 80.52%.Based on the modified EORTC criteria,two cases had complete response and nine cases showed partial response.The median longest diameter was 46.21(33.84,85.93)mm at baseline and 42.25(32.44,79.29)mm after medication,with a decrease ranging from 0.71%to 22.90%.Based on the modified RECIST 1.1 criteria,11 cases showed stable disease.Based on ICDS criteria,two cases had partial response and nine cases had stable disease.Conclusion PET/CT can be used to assess the efficacy of RANKL monoclonal antibody therapy for vertebral giant cell tumors,with a high objective response based on the modified EORTC criteria.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effictiveness and safety of recombinant human endostatin combined with afatinib and teggio in the treatment of advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS A total of 25 patients with driver-negative advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma were included in this single-arm prospective study, and the enrolled patients were treated with recombinant human endostatin combined with afatinib and teggio as scheduled. Progression-free survival(PFS), overall survival(OS), disease control rate(DCR), objective response rate(ORR), and adverse reactions(AR) were observed and analyzed. RESULTS The 25 enrolled patients received at least 2 cycles of second-line treatment, and were followed up as of March 31, 2023. Among them, 4 patients had partial remission, 17 patients had stable disease, and 4 patients experienced progressive disease. The ORR confirmed by the researchers was 16%(95%CI, 4.5%−36.1%), DCR was 84%(95%CI, 63.9%−95.5%), and median PFS was 5.3 months(95%CI, 3.5−6.9 months). The median OS had not yet been achieved. The entire group of patients had good treatment tolerance, and the most common level Ⅲ or Ⅳ adverse events related to treatment were leukopenia(20%) and rash(12%), with no reported treatment-related deaths. CONCLUSION Recombinant human endostatin combined with afatinib and teggio in the second line treatment of advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma can prolong the progression free survival period of patients and is relatively safe, which is worth further exploration and promotion.

Objective : To investigate the effect of Qiyu Sanlong Decoction ( QYSLD) on inhibiting lung cancer by regulating tumor immune microenvironment through PD-1 signaling pathway and on Th1 immune response in lung cancer bearing mice． Methods : Lewis lung cancer cell line ( LLC) was used to model subcutaneously implanted tumor in mice．72 mice were randomly divided into Control group ( n = 18 ) ，cisplatin group ( n = 18 ) ，QYSLD group (n = 18) and combined group (n = 18) ．The general survival of mice was observedand recorded ; the specific Th1 cell response to tumor antigen was detected by ELISA method ; the proportion of PD-1 positive cells and the ap- optosis of memory CD4 + T cells in spleen T cells of mice were detected by flow cytometry ; and the number and vol- ume of pulmonary metastatic nodules were counted under an anatomical microscope after 21 days of continuous treatment. Results : QYSLD could improve the general survival of mice bearing lung cancer，up-regulate the im- mune response of CD4 + T cells and the specific killing effect of CD8 + T cells．The proportion of apoptotic cells in PD-1 positive cells and CD4 + memory T cells in spleen T cells of mice was down-regulated，and lung metastasis of mouse tumor cells was inhibited． Conclusion QYSLD can improve the survival status of mice bearing lung cancer and enhance Th1 immune response by mediating PD-1 signaling pathway，improve immune function and inhibit im- mune escape of tumor cells，thus inhibiting the metastasis of lung cancer.

Objective:To investigate an association between glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)level and non-alcoholic fatty liver(NAFL)in the elderly.Methods:In this retrospective case-control study, 5 186 elderly individuals aged 65 years and over meeting the inclusion conditions via health physical examination were successively selected from January to December 2018.They were divided into NAFL group(n=1 731)and non-NAFL group(n=3 455). Waist circumference, body mass index, smoking history, diastolic blood pressure, glomerular filtration rate, serum levels of triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartic aminotransferase, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c were compared between the two groups, and their correlations with NAFL were analyzed.Results:The prevalence of NAFL was 33.4%(1, 731/5, 186). The values of waistline, body mass index, smoking history, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, glomerular filtration rate, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, fasting glucose and HbA1c were higher in the NAFL group than in non-NAFL group(all P<0.05). While levels of creatinine, urea nitrogen and age were lower in the NAFL group than in non-NAFL group( P<0.05). According to the quartile of HbA1c level, these subjects were divided into Q1 to Q4 groups(HbA1c<5.7%, 5.7≤HbA1c<6.0%, 6.0%≤HbA1c<6.5%, HbA1c≥6.5%), and the prevalence of NAFL in the Q1 to Q4 were 22.8%(225/1 120), 27.9%(398/1 429), 36.5%(514/1 409), 45.9%(564/1 228)respectively.The prevalence of NAFL was increased along with the increase in the level of HbA1c( P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, gender and metabolic components, the risk for developing NAFL was gradually increased in Q2 group, Q3 group, Q4 group versus Q1 group as the following OR value: OR=1.274, 95% CI: 1.004-1.616; OR=1.639, 95% CI: 1.294-2.077; OR=1.787, 95% CI: 1.337-2.389, respectively, all P<0.01. Conclusions:The prevalence of NAFL is positively associated with HbA1c levels in the elderly and HbA1c is an independent risk factor for NAFL disease.

The early monitoring, detection and treatment of the myocardial damage caused by chemotherapeutic drugs have important significances in avoiding further damage to cardiac structure and function and improve the prognosis of patients. Imaging methods have played an important role in the evaluation of myocardial damage caused by chemotherapeutic drugs. The advancements of imaging techniques in monitoring the myocardial damage caused by chemotherapeutic drugs were reviewed in this article.

Objective To observe the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in diagnosis of malignant tumors in biliary system. Methods A retrospective study of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging feature was performed on 34 patients with clinical suspicion of biliary system malignancy. Pathological results of 18 lymph nodes were obtained in 12 patients after surgical operation or needle biopsy. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT for detecting primary focus of malignant tumor and lymph node metastasis were obtained. Lymph nodes in 12 patients were examined by surgical or biopsy pathology. Results In 34 patients, there were 31 with malignant lesions and 3 with benign lesions. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT for detecting primary focus was 100% (31/31), 66.67% (2/3), 96.88% (31/32), 100% (2/2) and 97.06% (33/34), respectively. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of primary focus of malignant tumors was 8.42±4.27, while of 3 cases with benign lesions was 12.90, 2.00 and 1.90, respectively. Pathological results were obtained in 18 lymph nodes, including 13 benign nodes and 5 malignant nodes. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT for diagnosing lymph node metastasis was 76.92% (10/13), 60.00% (3/5), 83.33% (10/12), 50.00% (3/6) and 72.22% (13/18), respectively. Conclusion PET/CT has important value in diagnosis of malignant tumors in biliary system.

Total 732 subjects aged 30-60 years undergoing health check-up at Beijing Hospital Medical Examination Center in 2009,who had no history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were recruited in the study.According to the quartile of hemoglobin (HGB) level,the subjects were divided into 4 groups:Q1:HGB ≤ 131 g/L (n =192),Q2:HGB ＞ 131 g/L and ≤ 140 g/L (n =178),Q3:HGB ＞ 140 g/L and ≤152 g/L (n =184),Q4:HGB ＞ 152 g/L (n =178).All participants were followed up for 4 years,the prevalence rates of NAFLD in groups Q1,Q2,Q3 and Q4 were 8.3％ (16/192),17.4％ (31/178),23.4％ (43/184) and 25.3％ (45/178),respectively (P ＜0.05).Logistic regression showed that the rates of NAFLD in groups Q2,Q3 and Q4 were 2.32 (1.22-4.41),3.36 (1.81-6.21) and 3.72(2.02-6.87) times higher as group Q1 (P ＜ 0.05).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the hemoglobin level,TG and BMI were the independent risk factors of NAFLD.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum uric acid and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods A cohort study was performed among individuals who had physical examination at Beijing Hospital medical examination center during 2009.A total of 732 subjects without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,30-60 years old,were selected.Subjects were divided into 4 groups (Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4) according to serum uric acid level.Theincidence of NAFLD in each group in 2013 were observed.Serum alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,triglycerides,total cholesterol,high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,fasting plasma glucose,and imaging examinations were determined.Cumulative incidence ofNAFLD was compared between each group and effect of baseline serum uric acid on new-onset NAFLI was assessed by logistic regression analysis.Results The cumulative incidence of NAFLD increased irconjunction with the increase of baseline serum uric acid in 4 groups (Q1 8.70％,Q2 13.04％,Q3 19.23％,Q4 32.97％,x2=37.865,P＜0.05).Logistic regression showed that the incidence of nonalcoholic fattyliver disease was increased along with elevated levels of serum uric acid.Subjects in the Q2,Q3,Q4 groups showed an increased risk of NAFLD,relative risks were 1.575 (0.807-3.074);2.580 (1.329-54.701);5.164 (2.838-9.397),compared to those in Q1 group.Moreover,after adjustment for baseline factors (e.g.Age,sex),risk of NAFLD remained higher,with odds ratio at 1.234,and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusions Serum uric acid was found to be correlated with the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Serum uric acid appeared to be an independent risk factor for NAFLD.

Objective To analyze the effect of Chinese diabetes risk score in health checkup of elderly population and to explore the risk factors of abnormal glucose metabolism in the elderly patients.Methods Chinese diabetes risk score(C-DRs)screening,glucose tolerance test(OGTT),blood biochemical parameters and history collection were performed in 1 181 elderly people participating the health checkup.The area under the ROC curve(AUC)was used to evaluate the accuracy of the screening method.The effect of different cumulative C-DRs on screening target population was reflected by the Gordon index.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze relevant risk factors for the glucose metabolic abnormalities.Results The AUC of screening for diabetes was 0.749(95%CI:0.715-0.782),and the best cut-point value was 32.5 points.The sensitivity was 86.50%,the specificity was 60.84%,and the Gordon index was 0.47(P=0.000).The AUC of screening for the pre-diabetes was 0.760(95%CI:0.733-0.787),and the best cut-point was 33.5 points.The sensitivity was 70.89%,the specificity was 68.72%,and the Gordon index was 0.40(P=0.000).The AUC of screening for MS was 0.797(95% CI:0.772-0.823),and the best cut-point value was 32.5 points.The sensitivity was 83.62%,the specificity was 64.90%,and the Gordon index was 0.49(P=0.000).The AUC of screening for insulin resistance was 0.609(95%CI:0.645-0.734),and the best cut-point value was 30.5 points.The sensitivity was 81.25%,the specificity was 44.81%,and the Gordon index was 0.26(P=0.000).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age over 80 years,abdominal obesity(waist circumference,male ≥ 90 cm,female ≥ 85 cm),hypertension,hypertriglyceridemia,family history of diabetes were risk factors for abnormality of glucose metabolism in the elderly.The odd ratio values of the above were 1.557,1.543,1.495,1.569,1.625,1.715(all P<0.05).Conclusions Chinese diabetes risk score may be used to screen for diabetes,metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in the elderly population.Old age,abdominal obesity,hypertension,hypertriglyceridemia and family history of diabetes are independent risk factors for abnormal glucose metabolism in the elderly population.