Objective:This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with acute leukemia in the plateau.Methods:The clinical information of patients diagnosed with acute leukemia from February 2010 to April 2023 at the People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region was reviewed and collected, including blood cell count, morphology, immunophenotype, cytogenetics, and molecular data. Survival analysis was conducted to analyze the outcome of patients with acute leukemia.Results:This study enrolled 105 patients with acute leukemia, including 24 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 62 with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and 19 with acute leukemia without baseline data. Of the patients with ALL, 11 underwent bone marrow testing for immunophenotype, all of whom were B-cell lineage. The main FAB subtype of patients with AML was M 2 (25/57), followed by M 3 (12/57), M 5 (6/57), M 4EO (5/57), M 1 (4/57), M 4 (4/57), and M 0 (1/57). The complete remission rates of patients with ALL, acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and AML (non-APL) after one course of induction therapy were 57.1% (8/14), 100% (6/6), and 53.6% (15/28), respectively. The median event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with ALL were 2 (95% CI 0-9) and 3 (95% CI 0-9) months, respectively, with a median followup of 37 (95% CI 17-57) months. Patients with APL did not reach median EFS or OS, whereas the median EFS and OS for core binding factor AML (CBF-AML) cases were 10 (95% CI 0-21) months and 13 (95% CI 3-23) months, respectively, and patients with non-CBF-AML had inferior median EFS (2 months, 95% CI 1-3) and OS (2 months, 95% CI 1-3) ( P<0.01). Patients with ALL treated from 2020 to 2023 demonstrated trends toward better EFS ( P=0.16) and OS ( P=0.10) than those treated from 2010 to 2019. Similarly, trends toward superior EFS ( P=0.27) and OS ( P=0.12) were observed in patients with AML treated from 2016 to 2023, in comparison with those treated from 2010 to 2015. Conclusion:Progress in the treatment and prognosis of patients with acute leukemia in the plateau has been observed in recent years, which can be further promoted by precision diagnosis and tailored regimens.

Objective:This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with acute leukemia in the plateau.Methods:The clinical information of patients diagnosed with acute leukemia from February 2010 to April 2023 at the People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region was reviewed and collected, including blood cell count, morphology, immunophenotype, cytogenetics, and molecular data. Survival analysis was conducted to analyze the outcome of patients with acute leukemia.Results:This study enrolled 105 patients with acute leukemia, including 24 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 62 with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and 19 with acute leukemia without baseline data. Of the patients with ALL, 11 underwent bone marrow testing for immunophenotype, all of whom were B-cell lineage. The main FAB subtype of patients with AML was M 2 (25/57), followed by M 3 (12/57), M 5 (6/57), M 4EO (5/57), M 1 (4/57), M 4 (4/57), and M 0 (1/57). The complete remission rates of patients with ALL, acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and AML (non-APL) after one course of induction therapy were 57.1% (8/14), 100% (6/6), and 53.6% (15/28), respectively. The median event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with ALL were 2 (95% CI 0-9) and 3 (95% CI 0-9) months, respectively, with a median followup of 37 (95% CI 17-57) months. Patients with APL did not reach median EFS or OS, whereas the median EFS and OS for core binding factor AML (CBF-AML) cases were 10 (95% CI 0-21) months and 13 (95% CI 3-23) months, respectively, and patients with non-CBF-AML had inferior median EFS (2 months, 95% CI 1-3) and OS (2 months, 95% CI 1-3) ( P<0.01). Patients with ALL treated from 2020 to 2023 demonstrated trends toward better EFS ( P=0.16) and OS ( P=0.10) than those treated from 2010 to 2019. Similarly, trends toward superior EFS ( P=0.27) and OS ( P=0.12) were observed in patients with AML treated from 2016 to 2023, in comparison with those treated from 2010 to 2015. Conclusion:Progress in the treatment and prognosis of patients with acute leukemia in the plateau has been observed in recent years, which can be further promoted by precision diagnosis and tailored regimens.

Objective:This study aimed to explore the application of interaction-dependent fucosyl-biotinylation (FucoID), a chemical biology-based proximity labeling technique, in capturing tumor antigen-specific T cells and its clinical value in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) .Methods:Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy were employed to evaluate the experimental parameters for FucoID in CML. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 14 newly diagnosed CML patients in the chronic phase. These samples underwent flow cytometry-based sorting and were subsequently labeled with FucoID to facilitate the isolation of tumor cells and T cells, followed by the immunophenotypic identification of tumor antigen-specific T cells. Finally, the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of FucoID in CML was assessed.Results:Initially, the experimental parameters for FucoID in CML were established. The proportion of CD3 + T cells in patients was (8.96±6.47) %, exhibiting a marked decrease compared with that in healthy individuals at (38.89±22.62) %. The proportion of tumor-specific antigen-reactive T cells was (3.34±4.49) %, which demonstrated interpatient variability. In addition, the proportion of tumor-specific antigen-active T cells in CD4 + T cells was (3.95±1.72) %, which was generally lower than the proportion in CD8 + T cells at (5.68±2.18) %. Compared with those in tumor-specific antigen-nonreactive T cells, CCR7 -CD45RA - effector memory T cells and CCR7 -CD45RA + effector T cells were highly enriched in tumor-specific antigen-reactive T cells. Moreover, the intensity of tumor immune reactivity in patients exhibited a significant correlation with white blood cell count (WBC) and hemoglobin (HGB) levels in peripheral blood, while no such correlation was observed with other clinical baseline characteristics. Conclusion:The combination of FucoID and flow cytometry enables the rapid identification and isolation of tumor antigen-specific T cells in CML. The successful application of this method in CML and the implications of our findings suggest its potential clinical value in the field of hematologic malignancies.