Objective:To investigate the efficacy of idebenone combined with citicoline sodium in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction after cerebral infarction.Methods:This prospective study included 150 patients with cognitive dysfunction after cerebral infarction who visited the Department of Neurology at People's Hospital of Tongchuan from October 2020 to October 2023. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: 75 patients in the control group received treatment with citicoline sodium, while the other 75 patients in the treatment group were treated with a combination of idebenone and citicoline sodium. The treatment continued for 2 weeks. Cognitive function was compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups after treatment. Hemodynamic parameters of the middle cerebral artery, serum levels of neuromodulatory substances, and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment, the scores of the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group [(26.38 ± 2.76) vs. (23.64 ± 2.41), (25.94 ± 2.60) vs. (22.81 ± 2.31), t = -6.48, -5.97, both P < 0.05]. The total response rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( χ2 = 6.32, P < 0.05). After treatment, the resistance index and pulsatility index in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the average blood flow velocity was significantly higher in the treatment group compared with the control group. All differences were statistically significant ( t = 13.96, 15.03, -3.96, all P < 0.05). After treatment, serum levels of acetylcholine and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t = -9.84, -12.53, both P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in total incidence of adverse reactions, such as gastrointestinal discomfort and central nervous system reactions, between the treatment and control groups [12.00% (9/75) vs. 9.33% (7/75), χ2 = 0.28, P > 0.05]. Conclusions:The combination of idebenone and citicoline sodium for treating cognitive dysfunction after cerebral infarction can promote the recovery of cognitive function in patients. The mechanism behind this improvement is associated with the restoration of cerebral blood flow and the upregulation of neuromodulatory substance levels. The combined use of these two drugs is safe.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of idebenone combined with citicoline sodium in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction after cerebral infarction.Methods:This prospective study included 150 patients with cognitive dysfunction after cerebral infarction who visited the Department of Neurology at People's Hospital of Tongchuan from October 2020 to October 2023. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: 75 patients in the control group received treatment with citicoline sodium, while the other 75 patients in the treatment group were treated with a combination of idebenone and citicoline sodium. The treatment continued for 2 weeks. Cognitive function was compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups after treatment. Hemodynamic parameters of the middle cerebral artery, serum levels of neuromodulatory substances, and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment, the scores of the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group [(26.38 ± 2.76) vs. (23.64 ± 2.41), (25.94 ± 2.60) vs. (22.81 ± 2.31), t = -6.48, -5.97, both P < 0.05]. The total response rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( χ2 = 6.32, P < 0.05). After treatment, the resistance index and pulsatility index in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the average blood flow velocity was significantly higher in the treatment group compared with the control group. All differences were statistically significant ( t = 13.96, 15.03, -3.96, all P < 0.05). After treatment, serum levels of acetylcholine and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t = -9.84, -12.53, both P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in total incidence of adverse reactions, such as gastrointestinal discomfort and central nervous system reactions, between the treatment and control groups [12.00% (9/75) vs. 9.33% (7/75), χ2 = 0.28, P > 0.05]. Conclusions:The combination of idebenone and citicoline sodium for treating cognitive dysfunction after cerebral infarction can promote the recovery of cognitive function in patients. The mechanism behind this improvement is associated with the restoration of cerebral blood flow and the upregulation of neuromodulatory substance levels. The combined use of these two drugs is safe.

Apoptosis is a process of programmed cell death that is controlled by genes. Normally, there are three regulation pathways involved in the process of apoptosis, including the signaling of intracel-lular mitochondria, endoplasmic reticula and extracellular death receptors. Recent studies showed that NF-κB is a key regulator in the process of apoptosis. NF-κB plays a promotional and a inhibitory role as well in the regulation of apoptosis, closely related to the the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins family, the B cell lymphoma/ lewkmia-2 family, tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factors, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand and Fas-associated death domain protein-like interleukin-1β. Thus, investigation of the mechanism regarding NF-κB in apoptosis regulation is of great importance for apoptosis-related drug development. The paper reviews the recent research progress in the function of NF-κB in apoptosis pathway regulation.

Aim To evaluate the effect and mecha-nism of vitexin in a mouse model of DSS-induced ulcer-ative colitis (UC).Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly placed into three groups: normal control group,DSS group and DSS +Vitexin group.Mice coli-tis was induced by adding 4% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)into the drinking water for seven days.Vitexin was administered once a day along with DSS treatment. Mice were monitored daily with body weight change and diarrhea symptoms.After sacrifice,colon was re-moved and fixed in 1 0% (W/V)buffered formalin for hematoxylin-eosin (H&E)staining.Histological dam-age was assessed as a combined score of inflammatory cell infiltration and mucosal damage.The remaining colon pieces were collected to measure the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO)by ELISA method and to de-termine the mRNA expression of TNF-α,IL-6 and COX-2.Results None of the mice receiving vehicle alone exhibited body weight loss and mucosal disrup-tion at any point during the study.Vitexin treatment significantly ameliorated DSS-induced body weight loss and histological score.The activity of MPO and the mRNA expression of TNF-α,IL-6 and COX-2 were markedly inhibited by vitexin treatment.Conclusion Vitexin ameliorates DSS-induced colitis through sup-pressing leukocyte infiltration and pro-inflammatory mediators production.

Objective　To analyze the therapeutic effects of phacoemulsification with intraocular lens in several kinds of cataract.Methods　The surgery was performed under topical anesthesia on 672 eyes of 546 patients with senile ,complicated ,congenital and traumatic cataracts through different incision.Results　Postoperatively, the visual acuities with spherical correction or without correction were 0.5 or better in 83.0%, 88.9% of the eyes three hours later and in one day; and 1.0 or better in 27.2%, 28.7% in one week and one month. The mean postoperative astigmatism was all under +1.0D which was not found preoperatively in only 35 patients. There was no significant difference of the visual acuities between every two kinds of different cataract.Conclusion　The phacoemulcification with intraocular lens implantation can be widely used in treating different kinds of cataract.